Reference: Book of Ava Ann P. Semorlan, PhD & Adrian P. Semorlan, MPA, MHSS, Ed.D. entitled Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship for Senior High School

1. VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES
IN THE COMMUNITY
Prepared by:
Rayed A. Escatron
Senior High School Teacher

2. Credible, Responsive
communicators
and team players
Life Performance Outcome

3. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCY
Define using various perspectives, e.g.,
social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/ grassroots level

4. LET’S REVIEW!
• Community can be formed in two ways, what
are those?
• What is the significant relationship of micro
level to macro level? Is there any significant
relationship?
• What are the types of community activities?
• Community plays diverse roles, and these are what?

5. Can you tell me something about
this picture?

6. Can you tell me something about
this picture?

7. Can you tell me something about
this picture?

9.  Is there something wrong with the picture?
 Why do people think differently?

10. What is community?
•A community is a super organic or system,
made up of the thoughts, outlook and
conduct of individual human beings full of
divisions and conflicts brought about by
differences.
• Differences: religion, ethnicity, gender, access to resources,
class, education level, income level, ownership of properties,
language, personality

11. Etymological Origin
Community - Late middle English
Term
Latin – ‘communitas’ – fellowship
Latin roots – communis – common
com – with or together
munire – to strengthen, to fortify

12. VARIOUS PERSPECTIVE IN
COMMUNITY
Local and Grassroots Perspective
Civil Society Perspective
Institutional Perspective
Social Science Perspective

13. Social science
views community as
composed of people
interacting with one
another, sensitive to
each other’s emotions,
as well as interest and
subjective points of
view.
Social Science is an
umbrella term for
various field of study
which examine social
relations and human
SOCIAL SCIENCE
PERSPECTIVE

14. SOCIAL SCIENCE
PERSPECTIVE
In Social science
perspective, a
community is
described as a group
of people in a
particular area
interacting together.
Social science has
several fields,
including
Anthropology,
economics, Political
Science, Psychology,
and Sociology.

15. • Why do people interact with one
another?
• How will you describe the importance
of learning the basic concepts of social
science perspective?

16. ANTHROPOLOGY
This field examine the
various aspects of
humans, such as their
biology, behaviour,
culture and social
interactions.
It also studies how
people adapt their ways
of living to different
environment.
Example is determining ways to help a community solve
health related concerns. This can be addressed by
understanding the situation through interacting with the
people in the community, connecting its history with its
present conditions, and eventually solving the
community's concerns.

17. ECONOMICS
This field studies the
production, allocation
and consumption of
goods and services. In
any community, one finds
various forms of wealth
distribution.
The ultimate goal of
economics is to improve the
lives of people, such as
that their needs are
satisfied.

18. POLITICAL SCIENCE
This field encompasses the
various ways and means of
allocating power, influence,
and decision making.
This includes the types of
governments and management
systems, and how people in a
small bands or informal groups
make decisions when they do not
have recognized leader.
All communities have some form of political
system. The members of a community should
understand how its political system works, how
power and influence are distributed and what
change of accur.

19. PSYCHOLOGY
This discipline studies the
human mind, brain, and social
behaviour. This extends to
interactions between people
and interpersonal
relationships. Psychology in
general is most often
associated with the study,
diagnosis, and treatment of
mental illnesses.
Sub-fields of Psychology
• Abnormal psychology
• Developmental psychology
• Cognitive psychology
• Social psychology.

20. SOCIOLOGY
This field is the study of society, social order, social
interactions, and social behavior. It introduces the concepts of
social capital and communitarianism.
Social capital is defined as the networks of relationships
among people who live and work in a particular society for
the effective functioning of the community.
The concept of communitarianism explains the connection
between the individual and the community. Every person has a
special role in one's society, and it is part of human nature to
relate with other people in various conditions or situations.

21. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
The institutional perspective views the concept of
community in three different dimensions.
First, it is an existing establishment or physical space where
members of the community go for a certain purpose. Examples
of this are the companies, hospitals, or educational institutions.

22. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Second is the institutional community as social model.
This is defined by networks and institutions where community
groups are formed in certain areas such as schools, churches or
companies, and member is gather to meet their needs.
People join clubs and associations to hone their skills, join
religious organizations to deepen their faith, participate in media
activities to improve their communication skills, and meet with
friends and family at restaurants to satisfy their hunger. Some of
the religious organizations based in the philippines are the catholic
church, the Agama Islam Society, Couples for Christ, and
Simbahang Lingkod ng Bayan.

23. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
• The youth also participate in various fellowship
activities around the country. It is an avenue for them to
reflect, interact and strengthen their faith
• Show picture of Philippine Youth Conference

24. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
The third dimension is that community is composed of the
ways people act, interact with each other, react, and
expect each other to act and interact.
Examples include institutions such as marriage or friendship,
roles such as mother or police officer, status or class, and
other patterns of human behavior. This dimension presents how
people act in relation to each other. It includes their
expectations, assumptions, judgments, predictions, responses
and reactions.

25. It perceives patterns of relationships sometimes identified as
roles and status, and the formation of groups and institutions
that derived from those patterns. For example, a "father" is
both a role and an institution. This explains that in a
community, its social organization is the sum total of all those
and relationships and patterns.
Based on the given definition of institutional communities,
cite three similar communities that you are involved in, and
state their goals.

26. How will you illustrate or apply in real life
situations the three dimensions of institutional
perspective?

27. CIVIL SOCIETY
PERSPECTIVE
The civil society perspective stresses the idea of forming a
group, foundation or an organization in service to society. This
perspective views society as community of citizens linked by
common interest and collective activity. Examples include
people's organization, civic organizations, and social
movements.
This is considered effective model of community since a sense
of belonging is achieved due to the collaboration of shared
interests and identities in serving the humanity.

28. Groups of people come together regardless of location, and
organize plants to render support and assistance to society.
some examples of civic organizations in the Philippines are
ABS-CBN foundation, Ayala Red Cross Foundation, Boy and
Girl Scouts of the Philippines and Caritas Manila.
The human rights movement, on the other hand is an example
of a social movement.
EXAMPLE

29. Have you ever participated or been in
people’s and civic organizations or social
movements? Explain your experience. If not,
in what group do you hope to participate
and why?
Discuss the role of volunteerism?

30. LOCAL AND GRASSROOTS
PERSPECTIVE
This perspective highlights volunteerism. Members of
different communities may involve themselves in various
programs or activities. Definitely uses self organization and
encourages the local citizens to contribute to the community
by taking responsibilities and actions.

31. Leaders and other members identify the sources of concerns
in a local setting and determine ways to address these
problems. Volunteers are mobilized in cooperation with
government decision makers who will be accountable for
their actions. The community also formulate programs for
others, and employees actions according to the needs of the
community.
Doctors and dentist in different communities come together to
organize medical and dental missions, especially for families
affected by calamities. When typhoon Haiyan hit the country
in 2013, children and elderly became weak and sick, and a
medical mission was implemented to improve their health
condition.
E
X
A
M
P
L
E

32. a. Assess the
picture as to
how it relates
to our topic
today.
b. What kind of
perspective
present in the
picture?
c. Do these perspectives that you have learned today existed in
your community? If yes, why? If no, why?

33. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCY
Define using various perspectives, e.g.,
social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/ grassroots level
On things that you have learned today, determine
the goals of communities in each perspective?

34. Please share your initial reflection on
how to become credible and
responsive member of
the community.
“The Spirit of Volunteerism”

35. Imagine if the government extended an invitation
to the youth to volunteer in its various programs
and projects. Cite four programs or projects that
you would like to be involve in as a volunteer.

36. Thank you so much for Listening
and Pauline peace to you!
Love ,
Sir Rayed