rain water harvesting ppt slideshare

1. Water Conservation
Rain Water Harvesting
Water Shed Management

2. Water Conservation
Prepared by: Mohammed Murabbi & Himanshu Mahawar
Rain Water Harvesting
Prepared by: Meenakshi Sharma & Kaushik Yadav
Water Shed Management
Prepared by: Kuldip Bariya & Madhusudhan Patidar
COMBINED BY: MEENAKSHI SHARMA

4. • 1. Put a brick in your toilet’s water tank. You flush an average of 20
gallons of water a day down the toilet. If you don’t have a high-
efficiency toilet, try filling your tank with something that will displace
some of that water, such as a brick.
2. Water plants wisely. Water your lawn or garden early in the
morning or late in the evening, so the water lasts and is not
immediately evaporated by the hot sun.
3. Check for and repair leaks. An average of 10,000 gallons of water is
wasted every year due to household leaks.
4. Pick your washing machine wisely. When considering top-load vs.
front-load washers, front-loading washing machines generally use less
water.

5. Changing User Behaviour:Creating incentives in terms of
economic tools and command and control tools is crucial in
to support the creation of an enabling environment for water
optimisation in industries.
Educate Employees and Set Up a Water Conservation
Programme:Build understanding among employees and co-
workers about the importance of water conservation. Make
aware of water scarcity issues and the impact of water
conservation practices so that they will be able to identify
problems and innovate solutions to reduce water use within the
company.
Minimise Water Use for Cleaning: Water use for cleaning can be
further reduced if water from internal processes is used for
cleaning. Depending on the water quality required for cleaning,
this might require greywater treatment.

6. It is formulated by the Ministry of Water Resources of the Government of
India to govern the planning and development of water resources and
their optimum utilization. The first National Water Policy was adopted in
September, 1987. It was reviewed and updated in 2002 and later in 2012.
India accounts for 18% of the world population and about 4% of the
world’s water resources. One of the solutions to solve the country’s water
woes is to create Indian Rivers Inter.
India has been successful in creating live water storage capacity of about
253 billion cubic meter(BCM) so far. In a first, the ecological needs of river
have also been taken into consideration.

7. 1. Envisages to establish a standardized national information system
with a network of data banks and data bases .
2. Resource planning and recycling for providing maximum availability.
3. To give importance to the impact of projects on human settlements
and environment.
4. Guidelines for the safety of storage dams and other water-related
structures.
5. Regulate exploitation of groundwater .
6. Setting water allocation priorities in the following order: Drinking
water, Irrigation, Hydropower, Navigation, Industrial and other uses.
7. The water rates for surface water and ground water should be
rationalized with due regard to the interests of small and marginal
farmers.

8. • Paradigm shift in approach from service provider of water to facilitator of
service.
• Policy does not deter use among those who can afford to pay for water.
• PPP mode may not ensure equity.
• Policy does not follow polluter pay principle, rather it gives incentives for
effluent treatment.
• Policy was criticized for terming Water as an economic good.
• In some regions it has not yet become successful .
• The policy does not focus on the reduction of water pollution.
• The policy doesn't lay out objective for commercial use of water, especially
ground water

9. Rainwater harvesting is a technology used for
collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops, the
land surface or rock catchments using simple
techniques such as jars and pots as well as more
complex techniques such as underground check
dams.
Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and
deposition of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather than
allowing it to run off.

10. REASON FOR SHORTAGE OF WATER
• Population increase
• Industrialization
• Urbanization
• Increase in per capita utilization
• Less peculation area
• In places where rain fed/ irrigation based crops are cultivated through ground water
• Decrease in surface area of Lakes
• Deforestation

11. WHAT IS THE SOLUTION
Rain water is the ultimate source of fresh water
Potential of rain to meet water demand is tremendous
Rain water harvesting helps to overcome water
scarcity
To conserve ground water the aquifers must be
recharged with rain water
Rain water harvesting is the ultimate answer

12. WHY RAIN WATER BE HARVESTED
•To conserve & augment the storage of ground
water
•To reduce water table depletion
•To improve the quality of ground water
•To arrest sea water intrusion in coastal areas
•To avoid flood & water stagnation in urban areas

13. RAIN WATER HARVESTING PROCESS
• Rain Water Harvesting RWH- process of collecting,
conveying & storing water from rainfall in an area- for beneficial use.
• Storage- in tanks, reservoirs, underground storage groundwater
• Hydrological Cycle
• RWH-yield copious amounts of water. For an average rainfall of 1,000mm,
approximately four million litres of
rainwater can be collected in a year in an acre of land (4,047 m). post-
evaporation.
• As RWH- neither energy-intensive nor labour-intensive
• It can be a cost-effective alternative to other water accruing methods.
• With the water table falling rapidly, & concrete surfaces and landfill dumps taking
the place of water bodies, RWH is the most reliable solution for augmenting
groundwater level to attain self-sufficiency

14. RAIN WATER HARVESTING
METHODOLOGIES
• Roof Rain Water Harvesting
• Land based Rain Water Harvesting
• Watershed based Rain Water harvesting
• For Urban & Industrial Environment-
• Roof&Land based RWH
• Public, Private, Office & Industrial buildings
• Pavements, Lawns, Gardens& other open spaces.

15. • The main aim of watershed management is to conserve the
soil, plant, and water resources of a catchment
while benefiting humanity. All environmental, social, and
economic concerns are combined to treat watersheds in an
integrated manner.
In this article, several ecotechnological measures such as
the establishment and restoration of riparian buffer zones
and constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment are
characterized.

16. Both the efficiency assessment of buffer zones and strips in
watershed management and the estimation of landscape potential for optimal
location of constructed wetlands in catchments are considered.
Examples from selected case studies on the efficiency of ecological
engineering measures in watershed management are presented.
Catchment; Critical source areas; Constructed
wetlands; Ecotechnological measures; Landscape; Riparian buffer zones

17. • Haryali is a watershed development project sponsored by the
Central Government which aims at enabling the rural
population to conserve water for drinking, irrigation fisheries
and afforestation. The Project is being executed by Gram
Panchayats with people's participation.
• Neeru-Meeru programme in Andhra Pradesh and Arvary Pani
Sansad in Alwar, Rajasthan have taken up constructions of
various water-harvesting structures such as percolation
tanks, dug out ponds (Johad), check dams, etc. through
people's participation.
• Tamil Nadu has made water harvesting structures in the
houses compulsory. No building can be constructed without
making structures for water harvesting.

18. • Reduces Pollution. Watershed
pollution can come from natural
or manmade sources...
• Promotes Partnerships Amongst
Affected Parties. In any
management systems for
watersheds, all parties that are
associated with that watershed
need to be involved.
• Contributes To Economic
Health.

19. is a technology used for
collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops
main aim of watershed
management is to conserve the soil, plant, and water
resources

20. I HOPE THESE TOPICS ARE CLEAR IF ANY
QUESTIONS PLEASE GO AHEAD AND ASK
THANK YOU