A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
Peace education holistic understanding of peace
1. A T R A N S F O R M A T I V E R E S P O N S E T O
M A J O R S O C I E T A L C H A L L E N G E S
P E A C E
E D U C A T I O N
2. A H O L I S T I C
U N D E R S T A N D I N G O F
P E A C E
• I T I S B E C A U S E O U R I D E A S
S H A P E O U R F E E L I N G S A N D
A C T I O N S A S WE L L A S H O W WE
L I V E A N D H O W WE R E L A T E
WI T H O T H E R S .
3. A H O L I S T I C
U N D E R S T A N D I N G
O F P E A C E
• P E A C E - WA S D E F I N E D A S
A B S E N C E O F WA R O R D I R E C T
V I O L E N C E
• A B S E N C E O F D E A T H A N D
D E S T R U C T I O N A S A R E S U L T
O F WA R A N D
P H Y S I C A L /D I R E C T V I O L E N C E
• P E A C E I S T H E A B S E N C E O F
V I O L E N C E , N O T O N L Y
P E R S O N A L O R D I R E C T B U T
A L S O S T R U C T U R A L O R
4. PEACE
NEGATIVE PEACE – ABSENCE OF
DIRECT/PHYSICALVIOLENCE
DIRECT VIOLENCE – WAR, TORTURE,
CHILD AND WOMAN ABUSE
POSITIVE PEACE – PRECENCE OF
CONDITION OF WELL BEING AND JUST
RELATIONSHIPS;SOCIAL,
ECONOMIC,POLITICAL,ECOLOGICAL
STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE – POVERTY,
HUNGER
SOCIO CULTURAL VIOLENCE – RACISM, SEXISM
RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE
ECOLOGICAL VIOLENCE – POLUTION,OVER
CONSUMPTION
5. P E A C E B E T WE E N H U M A N S
A N D E A R T H A N D B E Y O N D
• P E R S O N A L P E A C E – S E L F
R E S P E C T I N N E R
R E S O U R C E S :L O V E H O P E
• I N T E R P E R S O N A L P E A C E –
R E S P E C T F O R O T H E R P E R S O N S
J U S T I C E ,T O L E R A N C E ,C O O P E R A T I
O N
• I N T E R G R O U P /S O C I A L P E A C E –
R E S P E C T F O R O T H E R G R O U P
WI T H I N N A T I O N J U S T I C E ,
T O L E R A N C E , C O O P E R A T I O N
• G L O B A L P E A C E – R E S P E C T F O R
O T H E R N A T I O N S J U S T I C E ,
T O L E R A N C E , C O O P E R T I O N
• R E S P E C T F O R E N V I R O N M E N T
6. T Y P O L O G Y O F
V I O L E N C E
LEVEL
FORM
OF VIOLENCE
PERSONAL INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNITY
NATIONAL GLOBAL
DIRECT/PHYSICAL SUICIDE/DRUG ABUSE DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE,VIOLENT
CRIMES
CIVIL WAR,VIOLENT
CRIMES,HUMAN RIGHTS
ABUSE
CONVENTIONAL WAR
NUCLEAR WAR,HUMAN
RIGHTS ABUSES
STRUCTURAL/ECONOMIC,
POLITICAL,SOCIO
CULTURAL,PSYCHOLOGIC
AL
POWERLESSNESS
ALIENATION
LOW SELF ESTEEM
ANXIETY
LOCAL
INEQUALITIES,POVERTY,H
UNGER,PREJUDICE,ENEM
YIMAGES
CULTURAL DOMINATION
RACISM,SEXISM,RELIGIOU
S INTOLERANCE
NATINAL
INEQUALITIES,POVERTY,H
UNGER,PREJUDICE
ENEMY IMAGES,
CULTURAL
DOMINATION,RACISM,SEXI
SM,RELIGIOUS
INTOLERANCE
GLOBAL
INEQUALITIES,POVERTY,H
UNGER,PREJUDICE/ENEM
Y IMAGES, CULTURAL
DOMINATION,RACISM,SEXI
SM,RELIGIOUS
INTOLERANCE.
ECOLOGICAL OVER CONSUMPTION OVER
CONSUMPTION,POLLUTIO
N
OVER
CONSUMPTION,POLLUTIO
N,CHEMICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL
WARFARE,NUCLEAR
POWER RADIATION
OVER
CONSUMPTION/POLLUTIO
N,CHEMICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL
WARFARE,NUCLEAR
POWER RADIATION
7. P E A C E E D U C A T I O N
I S A N E T H I C A L
I M P E R A T I V E
8. P E A C E E D U C A T I O N
A S
T R A N S F O R M A T I V E
E D U C A T I O N
9. T H E P E A C E A B L E
T E A C H I N G -L E A R N I N G
P R O C E S S
COGNITIVE PHASE
(BEING
AWARE,UNDERSTANDING)
AFFECTIVE PHASE (BEING
CONCERNED
RESPONDING, VALUING)
ACTIVE PHASE (TAKING
PRACTICALACTION)
10. WH Y E D U C A T E
F O R P E A C E ?
• I T S E E K S T O T R A N S F O M T H E
P R E S E N T H U M A N C O N D I T I O N
B Y C H A N G I N G S O C I A L
S T R U C T U R E S P A T T E R N S
T H O U G H T T H A T H A V E C R E A T E D .
- B E T T Y G A R D O N