In this presentation security in NAN network as important part of smart grid communication has been studied.

1. Student: Reza Sadeghi
Advisor: Dr. Mazinani
Course: Smartgrid
My email: reza.sadeghi@imamreza.ac.ir
im_rezasadeghi@yahoo.com
November & December 2013

2. Smart Grid Common Networks
Neighbor Area Network (NAN) Home Area Network (HAN)
Power Generation Power Transmission Grid Power Distribution Grid Power Consumption
Smart
MeterSubstationSubstation Customer
Microgrid
Microgrid
(a) Power System Layer
(b) Communications Layer
Wireless
Backhaul
Base
Station
Control Center
Wired Backhaul
Network
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Smart
Meter
Data Aggregation
Point (DAP)
Electric Vehicle
Solar EnegyWind Enegy
Non-renewable Enegy
Concentrator Smart
Home
Device
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3. NAN is first of the war
New houses produce their supply
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4. Materials of NANs in
??IEEE802.11s??
MP->
A mesh point (MP) is an IEEE 802.11s entity that mainly acts as a relay
node.
MAP->
A mesh access point (MAP) is an MP but can also work as an access
point
MPP->
A mesh portal (MPP) is a logical point and has a bridging functionality
and connects the mesh network to other networks
STA->
Legacy wireless mobile stations (STA) are connected to an MAP through
generic WLAN protocols.
Thus, configuration of an MAP allows a single entity to logically provide
both mesh functionalities and AP functionalities simultaneously.
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5. 5

6. Security in SG in
routing perspective
Security in
NANs
Routing
protocols
Routing in
WMN
Routing
discovery
Routing
maintenance
Data passing
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7. HWMN for IEEE 802.11s
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8. Most of Mutable filed are
dangerous
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9. Attacks on routing
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10. Rout discovery attack
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11. Routing Loop
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12. Rout diversion attack
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13. Key Establishment procedure
in IEEE 802.11s
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14. SHWMN
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15. Markle Tree
15
SHA1

16. Securing on demand mode
F1 F2
In action!
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17. Markle Tree for S->B->C
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18. Securing on proactive
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19. Securing hybrid mode
Proactive mode
Tree
On-demand
Security analyses?
Flooding/Rout disruption/ Rout
diversion/Routing Loop 19

20. Performances analysis
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21. Analysis
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22. IBC-HWMP
IBC(Identity based Cryptosystems)
IBC Algorithm
Encryption
Setup Extract Encrypt Decrypt
Digital signature
Setup Extract Encrypt Decrypt
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Solve external
nod problems
Solve internal
nods problem

23. Encryption
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24. Digital signature
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25. Changes
The digital signature is incorporated into
PREQ and PREP messages by adding two
new fields : IBC-Mac Size (digital signature
size : 1 Byte) and IBC-MAC (digital
signature).
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26. Simulation
Software:NS3
The side of the square cell is defined by m
step (100m) parameter. We have used a
UDP traffic, Packet Size=1024 and Packet
Interval=0.1.
Three metrics: Mean delay, control routing
overhead and throughput.
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27. Analysis
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28. TOP(Type of protection)
Possible attacks in mesh networks
Nodes showing unintended behavior due to hardware or
software failures: problems caused by such nodes should
be solved by fault tolerance mechanisms instead of
security mechanisms. Therefore, we will not consider
such nodes within this work.
External malicious nodes, which are intentionally not
allowed to join the network.
Internal malicious nodes, which legitimately are part of
the network and show egoistic behavior or are
compromised by an attacker. Egoistic behavior, e. g.,
intentionally dropping frames, aims at saving resources or
gaining higher bandwidth. Attacks could be launched by
dropping frames, by corrupting the routine 28

29. Mainly focus on three attacks
Selective forwarding—With this active attack, an internal
malicious node intentionally drops frames of other nodes that
actually should be forwarded by the malicious node. This attack
may aim at disrupting a certain communication, a specific node,
or just the communication of the wireless network.
Routing Attacks—Incase of routing attacks, an internal
malicious node tries to influence the routing protocol in a way
that incorrect forwarding paths are used. A wormhole attack [6],
for example, aims at establishing a route to a victim node even
if there are shorter routes. This enables gaining information of
specific communications in the network or selectively
forwarding frames. 29

30. Mainly focus on three attacks
Eavesdropping—If no cryptographic protection is applied within a
wireless network, external and internal malicious nodes are able to
eavesdrop on the traffic. If some protection like Robust Secure
Network (RSN) [2] or IEEE 802.11s security mechanisms is
present,
. External attackers, however, are precluded
from eavesdropping.
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31. Concept of TOP
Main idea:
Wireless mesh network can be as secure as
VLAN in Ethernet network
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VLANs allow for
transport of different
virtual networks over
a single network by
tagging the frames

32. Structure of TOP
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33. TOP mapping
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34. Simulation
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NS2

35. Ideas evaluation!
1. Insert a hole in Mesh network?
2. Broadcasting data in two ways time of money with
Global broadcasting and …
3. Change from prime Galvani to binary Galvani? ((prime
Galvani has simplest and better performing in software
vs. binary Galvani has better performance in special
hardware due to in our wireless mesh network we
should use prime Galvani))
4. Travel to secure protocol with less process consume
((bilinear map which is subroutine of discreet logarithm
is most effectives strongest algorithm ))
5. Why we create SGN?
6. Find Trojans with HMM and etc.
7. What are NAN protocol and way we use them?
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In field of creating loop and external nodes work is
finished but the Trojans are alive to kill us and
destroy our world; therefore, we should slaughter
them as soon as possible.

36. References
1. A survey of routing protocols for smart grid communications written by Nico
Saputro, Kemal Akkaya, Suleyman Uludag
2. Chapter 5: Smart Grid Communications Networks.ppt produced by Quang-
Dung Ho and Tho Le-Ngoc;ECE Dept., McGill University, Montreal, Canada
3. M.S. Islam, Y.J. Yoon, M.A. Hamid, C.S. Hong, A secure hybrid wireless
mesh protocol for 802.11s mesh network,2008
4. T. Gamer, L.Vlker, M.Zitterbart, Differentiated security in wireless mesh
networks, Security and Communication Networks 4 (2011) 257–266.
5. On Securing HWMP using IBC(IEEE_05962921)
6. Dr. Nikoghadam prsentation
7. A New E-HWMP Routing Algorithm in Automatic Meter Reading
Networks written by Li Li, Xiaoguang Hu and Ketai He, 2013
8.www.wikipedia.org
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37. END
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