1. ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE IN
POWER SYSTEMS
RIYAS KH
EPCET, Bangalore

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS
EXPERT SYSTEM TECHNIQES
LATEST TECHNIQUES USED

4.  Artificial Intelligence, or AI, is the ability of
a computer to act like a human being.
Think
Humanly
Think
rationally
Act
humanly
Act
rationally

5. Major families of AI techniques
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
Fuzzy Logic systems (FL)
Expert System Techniques (XPSs)

6. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
 An ANN is a set of elementary neurons which are
connected together in different architectures organized
in layers
 An elementary neuron can be seen like a processor
which makes a simple non linear operation of its inputs
producing its single output.
 The ANN techniques are attractive because they do not
require tedious knowledge acquisition, representation
and writing stages and, therefore, can be successfully
applied for tasks not fully described in advance.

7. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

8. APPLICATION OF ANN’s
 Power System Stabilizer
 Load Forecasting
 Fault Diagnosis
 Security Assessment
 State Estimation
 Contingency Screening
 Voltage Stability Assessment
 Protection
 Load Modelling

9. Fuzzy Logic systems (FL)
 The criteria signals are fuzzified in order to account
for dynamic errors of the measuring algorithms
 The fuzzy signals are compared with the fuzzy
settings.
 Several relaying criteria are used in parallel. The
criteria are aggregated by means of formal multi-
criteria decision-making algorithms
 The tripping decision depends on multi-criteria
evaluation of the status of a protected element

10. Fuzzy Logic systems (FL)

11. APPLICATION OF FLC’s
 Stability Assessment / Enhancement
 Power System Control
 Fault Diagnosis
 Security Assessment
 Load Forecasting
 Reactive Power Planning and Control
 State Estimation

12. Expert System Techniques (XPSs)
 The first expert systems included a few heuristic
rules based on the expert's experience.
 They need a knowledge base to work
 A generic inference engine uses the facts and the
rules to deduce new facts which allow the firing of
other rules.
 This process continues until the base of facts is
saturated and a conclusion has been reached

13. Expert System Techniques (XPSs)

14. APPLICATION OF XP’s
• All of the application solve offline tasks such as
settings coordination , post fault analysis &
fault diagnosis
• As yet there is no application reported of the XPS
technique employed as a decision making
tool in an on-line operating protective relay

15. Latest techniques used in power stations
Replacing human workers for
dangerous and highly specialized
operations, such as live maintenance
of high-voltage transmission lines,
has been a long-standing effort in
the power community.

16. Line Scout Robots
• The three-axis robotic arm has been designed to reach the four
conductors of a typical transmission line
• One end of the arm is equipped with a point able camera and the
other can hold a variety of tools for tasks such as:
1. High quality visual inspection
2. Infrared inspection
3. Checking the condition of splices by measuring their
electrical resistance
4. Tightening and loosening bolted assemblies
5. Temporary repair of broken conductor strands

17. Snake Robot
The Snake-arm can perform a variety of
inspection and maintenance tasks
Reach the Unreachable

18. A Snake-arm is performing maintenance at a
nuclear power plant in Sweden.

19. CONCLUSION
 The importance of the use of the AI tools has been
felt in all the areas of the Power Systems and the
need is emphasized. The easiness in evaluating the
vague or non-crisp concepts and the ability of these
techniques to learn due to the technological
improvement elevated the effect of these soft
computing techniques.

21. ©