2. Map
In 3000 BC, the Minoans civilization
began. They lived on the island Crete,
south of the mainland. In 2000 BC, the
Greek- speaking people began to
migrate to Greece from the north. By
about 1600 BC, towns had been built
and each were centered on a palace.
These group of Greek-speaking people
were called Mycenaeans, based on the
large and powerful town of Mycenae.
The Mycenaeans soon claimed Crete
for themselves. This caused
retribution between the Minoans and
the Mycenaeans. The Mycenaeans
successfully took away the land but
soon fell out of power, and the Greeks
entered the “Dark Age”. The Dark Age
ended in 800 BC and the Greeks soon
colonized places like Italy and Turkey.
And in around 400 BC, Greece became
what we call Classical Greece.
3. Ancient Greece is the first ancient civilization to allow citizens to vote and was
the first civilization to have a democracy. This civilization lasted from the 8th
century to the 6th century BC, until the Romans took over. The Greeks had
many new ideas about science, art, and philosophy. They were the first to
invent the Olympic Games and had many stories on why things happen.
There were 2 important cities in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta. These 2
cities were very different from each other. Sparta was strict but the people had
more rights, in Athens, people had less rights.
Ancient Greece was the birthplace of democracy -“power of the people”.
Although women were unable to participate in political discussions, men were
allowed to vote and run for government.
4. The Greek’s social structure had 2 main
groups, slaves and free people. The slaves
were looked at like things. They were
workers and servants and had no legal
rights. They could be sold to other
countries. Free people were divided into
Pure Athenians the citizens and the Metics. Citizens had
rights and was higher in the society. But
citizens who are pure Athenian have the
most power. Citizens are expected to take
part for making decisions. Metics are
foreign people that came to Athens for a
long time. They had to pay taxes. But they
couldn’t own a house or land and couldn’t
Metics Citizens speak out against things. In Athens, your
rank is higher by how much money you
(foreigners) have. In Sparta, when you finish your
education, you are a equal citizen. The
kings in Sparta had the most power. Men
also had more rights than women.
Men
Women
Slaves
5. Greek’s designed their homes so they could stay cool in the summer and warm in the
winter. Men and women would live in different parts of the house because they had
different jobs. Women stayed deeper into the house so people outside of the family
can’t see them. The houses were made of sun-dried mud bricks, with a small yard in the
middle. After a few years the houses had to be rebuilt as the mud brick was not very
durable and crumbled easily. The roofs of houses were made with clay bricks and in the
windows there was no glass. Instead there were wooden shutters to keep out the hot
sun. Rich people had as many as 50 slaves. The slaves did all of the hard work in the
house and on the farm. In the houses, they have rooms but do not have a lot of
furniture in it. Most people had no bathrooms. Only rich people enjoyed private baths.
As the slaves would carry buckets of water for them to bathe in.
6. In Ancient Greece the wealthy lived very differently than
the poor. Wealthy people in Ancient Greece lived in large
houses that were usually centered on a courtyard and had
an upper storey. Downstairs there was a kitchen and a
dining room (called an andron), as well as a living room.
Upstairs there would be bedrooms and a gynaecium (a
gynaecium is a room for women-it is where they eat and
weave). The furniture in a wealthy person’s house would
be quite basic. There would be chests and hooks to store
things, as well as a dresser to display expensive cups and
pottery. There would also be simple couches in a wealthy
ancient Greeks house for them to recline on (these could
also be used as beds). Wealthy Greeks had a more varied
diet than less wealthy people. There meals consisted of
roasted meat, peacock and other types of eggs, and irises
coated in vinegar. In wealthy household women were kept
away from men to keep them ‘safe’ from men that they
were unfamiliar with. Wealthy women were expected to
manage the home and sometimes keep track of the
finances, and they did not do the shopping as they could
send one of there many slaves to do it for them. Wealthy
women also were expected to spin and weave cloth.
7. Food in Ancient Greece was very simple. For
example bread, milk, beans , olives, grapes, fresh
vegetables, herbs and figs were a typical meal in
the summer. But in the winter food was sparse
and tour meals would consist of apples,
chestnuts, lentils, and smelly goat cheeses. Even
though there was no sugar you could purchase
sweet honey from mountain farms. If you lived
near the coast your diet would be much
different. Only the rich would be able to eat a lot
of meat, such as hare, deer, and wild boars that
were killed by hunters. Rich people would
always eat inside. Poor people and slaves would
eat outside. Olives were very important food in
the Greek diet. They would eat the olive,
crushed it to make olive oil, for cooking,
lighting, and cosmetics.
8. Men and women in ancient Greece have
very different lives. Men were expected to
participate in the public life, like going to
the Assembly, or the Olympic Games, etc.
They went to parties and horseback riding
for fun. Women were not allowed to
attend these things. They were expected to
run the house. Their jobs were to make
clothes, cook, and bear children. They
could not go anywhere without their
husband’s permission. Slaves helped
women to the household jobs, but their
jobs were harder and tougher. The female
slaves cooked, cleaned, and worked on the
farm. The male slaves helped too, but they
also guard the door so strangers wouldn’t
go inside the house. Women had more
freedom in Sparta. Children help around
the house too, before they leave to go to
school or get married. Girls help their
mother cook and run the house. Boys help
in the fields and fish.
9. Girls in Ancient Greece would get married at a young age, at about 13-16 years old. The
richer girls would marry younger, and poorer girls would marry older. Her father would
chose her husband, who would be at about his 30’s. She would sacrifice her toys to
Artemis to say that her childhood is over. There were no marriage ceremonies. The
parents would arrange a party. After that, the parents would pay the dowry to the man
and the girl would move into his house. If she lives in the man’s house, they are married.
If not, they are divorced. When they get divorced, the man has to give back the dowry, so
the girl has money to live on. The man gets to keep the children to teach them their
education. The pomegranate was a symbol of married love.
10. The child is usually delivered by midwives and
is usually delivered on a birthing stool. If the
baby was overdue, they used herbs to help it
come out. Some materials that they use to help
delivering the baby easier are: olive oil, warm
water, soft sea sponges, things to smell, and a
pillow. These materials are used so the baby is
delivered properly and the women is fine after
delivering the child. It is believed that if the
women is not having trouble with the baby, the
baby will be a boy. If not, it will be a girl.
Because the girls married so young, they would
also get pregnant young too. This causes death
because the girls are not fully developed to bear
a child. It has been said that there are the same
number of deaths of women delivering a child
than men dying in a war. Eilithyia is the
goddess of childbirth. She is believed to sooth
the pain and help delivering the baby.
11. Many Greeks wanted sons instead of
daughters. This is because the sons would
stay and take care of their parents at old age.
And daughters would go out and get married,
which was expensive. If the baby was weak
and small, the parents could abandon their
baby on the street. Someone might come
across the baby and take it in. Rich people
have their kids taken care of by a slave. When
the child is 3, they are given a jug to say that
their babyhood is over. The boys went to
school at 7. Girls stayed at home and learned
how to take care of a family. Only rich people
could afford to go to school. Besides school,
boys had to learn how to work, like a farmer ,
a fisherman, stonecarvers, etc. Girls, at the
age of 13-16, get married. They would sacrifice
their toys to Artemis to show that their
childhood was over.
12. Canada Both Greece
Girls and boys both are educated Some of the toys in Ancient Only boys are educated as they
at public school Greece are still used today- are considered more important
dolls, rattles, swings, tops, etc… than girls
Usually start school at the age of Children are not named Start school at the age of seven
four or five immediately after birth (usually) (boys only)
It is optional whether or not you In both places families kept pets Girls were kept in their mothers
join the army at 18 years of age Canada=dogs, cats, fish, etc... quarters until the age of seven,
Greece= tortoises, birds, goats, and they were taught to weave,
etc... etc…
Children are usually not separated In both places boys sometimes In Sparta boys were sent to
from their parents at young ages take up the trade/work of their barracks at the age of seven and
father trained for the military
Don’t marry as young. At about 16 Some children were put into
to 25. slavery because they were
abandoned after birth
Boys and girls are treated equally Girls married between the ages
of 12-16
Girls were also expected to have
a baby quite young (after they
marry)
In some Greek cities boys were
required to do two years in the
army after they turned 18
13. The education is private for Ancient Greece,
except for Sparta. Only wealthy families could
afford a teacher. Girls were less important so
they learned read, write, do simple math,
importantly, to run a house and do household
jobs. They don’t usually receive any education
after this, or sometimes, don’t get any at all.
Boys on the other hand, learned how read,
write, quote literature, sing, play one
instrument, and were trained for the military.
They also learned how to be a good citizen.
They continued their education after 18 (their
childhood). They study with a mentor that they
had become close with when they were
teenagers. This mentor teaches them more
about subjects and other things. Sparta, as said
before, has a public education. All boys went to
school when they were 7 and learned how to be
a Spartan warrior. They learned how to steal,
jeer at the weak, and become strong.
Punishments were cruel and hurtful.
14. Ancient Greece has a mythology that contains
stories that explain why things happen and why
you shouldn’t do things. There were many gods
in their stories. The twelve man ones on
Olympus (The home of the gods) are: Zeus (the
leader of all the gods), Hera (Zeus’s wife, goddess
of marriage), Poseidon (Zeus’s brother, the god
of the sea), Ares (god of war) Hermes (
Olympus’s messenger), Hephaestus (the god of
forge and fire), Aphrodite (the goddess of love
and beauty), Athena (Zeus’s favourite daughter,
goddess of wisdom and the arts), Apollo (god of
the sun), Artemis (the goddess of wild animals),
and Hades (the god of the underworld or dead,
but doesn’t really spend a lot of time on
Olympus). People believed these gods helped
them and always think that things happen for a
reason. They worship them and sometimes name
cities after them, like Athens. The people of
Greece worshiped these gods and sacrificed
things for them. There are many rituals that the
gods are involved in.
15. Athena was the goddess of wisdom, strategy,
and the arts. She was Zeus’s favourite
daughter, which makes her very powerful. She
helps many heroes along their journeys, like
telling Perseus how to cut Medusa’s head off
without turning into stone, and helping
Odysseus get his wife back so there is peace.
Her birth was from a headache that Zeus had.
Zeus complained about these headaches so
Hephaestus cut his head open, and out came
Athena. Athena has done many great deeds to
help civilization, such as growing the olive
tree, turning Arachne into a spider, and
turning Medusa into a gorgon. The capital of
Greece, Athens, is named after Athena
because of her gift of the olive tree. The
Parthenon is a temple built in honour of
Athena.
16. Ancient Greek hairstyles
Ionian chiton with himation
In ancient Greece, babies usually didn’t wear anything. The women usually wore a
long tunic, called a chiton, which is made of cotton or linen. The chiton went
down to their ankles. Women also wore a cloak over top, which is called a
himation, and was thin in the summer and thick in the winter. Women were
expected to be covered up. Some rich or noble women cover their heads or wear a
veil in public. The men wore tunics or usually nothing at all. The young men
preferred to wear short tunics and the old preferred long ones. Nakedness was
pride for men. But they wore clothes in front of women. The slaves wore only a
strip of cloth. Everyone in Greece don’t usually wear shoes but they sometimes
wear sandals or high boots for horseback riding. Men and women wore wide-
brimmed hat to shade them from the sun. They had lots of jewelry and buried the
jewelry with their tombs. Women did not cut their hair because it was considered
a shameful thing.
Doric style woven tunic
17. Art in Greece is quite similar to the art that we
have today. The Greeks were famous for their
pottery and lifelike sculptures. One of the
most famous ancient Greek sculptures is called
‘Venus de Milo’, which was carved in around
100BC; unfortunately it is missing it’s arms.
Ancient Greek pottery often showed scenes of
Greek mythology, and everyday life. Wall
paintings were also quite popular in ancient
Greece, though very few examples survived. In
Greece music was also very important to there
culture. Greek musicians played a wind
instrument quite similar to the clarinet. One
pipe was called an aulo, and two pipes played
together were called an auloi. Greek musicians
also played the cymbals and a string
instrument called a lyre. A tambourine called a
timpanon was also very popular to play music.
18. The festival Panathenaea is a festival
to celebrate and worship the goddess
Athena. During the festival there were
many animal sacrifices, and a woven
tunic was woven by the Athenian It is not none for sure how many days the
women for the goddess. This festival festival lasted and what happened but here is
was celebrated every year in mid the modern reconstruction of it:
August and every fourth year there Day 1: Musical and Rhapsodic Contests
would be a Great Panathenaea where Day 2: Athletic Contests for Boys and Youth
the festivities would be even more
splendid than other years. This Day 3: Athletic Contests for Men
holiday is in mid-august because that Day 4: Equestrian Contests
is when it was believed to be Athena’s Day 5: Tribal Contests
birthday as well as the first month in Day 6: Torch race and Pannychos (nocturnal
the Athenian year. ritual): procession and sacrifice
Day 7: Apobates (race in which an armed
warrior jumps off of a moving chariot) and
Boat Race
Day 8: Awarding of prizes, feasting, and
celebrations
19. Overall Ancient Greece is a very important and interesting civilization.
Some of their decisions and ideas have affected how we live today, like
democracy and the Olympic Games. Although they contributed to our
society the Ancient Greek culture is very different than ours. So it is
important to learn their daily lifestyle.
Thanks for watching our slideshow!!!!!!
- Alice and Ellie
20. Books
MacDonald, Fiona. How Would You Survive As An Ancient Greek? Danbury, Connecticut. Groiler Publishing.
1996.
Toutant, Arnold. Doyle, Susan. Ancient Worlds. Don Mills, Ontario. Oxford University Press. 2000.
Websites
Ancient Greece: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greece#Religion_and_mythology
Ancient Greek Family: http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/people/family.htm
Ancient Greeks: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/ancient_greeks/
Athena: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena
Children of Ancient Greece: http://www.historylink102.com/greece3/children.htm
Culture and Society: http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Culture/
Daily Life: http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210200/ancient_greece/daily_life.htm
Everyday Life In Ancient Greece: http://www.localhistories.org/GREECE.HTML
Panathenaic Festival: http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/dunkle/courses/panfest/panfest.htm
Roles of Men, Women, and Children:
http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/greecerome/Greeceroles1.html
The Greek House: http://www.ancientgreece.co.uk/dailylife/challenge/cha_set.html
21. Coin- http://financeologist.com/2009/10/05/money-in-ancient-greece-greek-coinage-ancient-greek-money/
Parthenon- http://www.uvm.edu/~inquiryb/webquest/sp07/asmith1/Greek%20Mythology%20Homepage.html
Head- http://www.picoleze.co.cc/POP-Art/Alex-Katz-December.html
Warrior art- http://proteus.brown.edu/greekpast/4868
God and Bird-http://karenswhimsy.com/ancient-greek-gods.shtm
Map: http://www.greeka.com/greece-maps/ancient-greece-map.htm
Olympic Stadium: http://www.cybertraveltips.com/europe/greece/Ancient-Greece-Olympics.html
Greek Slaves: http://history100slavery.wordpress.com/2010/10/12/ancient-greece-slavery/
Wealthy Picture 1&2: http://blog.aurorahistoryboutique.com/category/world-history/ancient-greece-world-history
Greek Family on vase: http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/people/family.htm
Women Daily Life Drawing- http://karenswhimsy.com/ancient-greek-women.shtm
Marriage1: http://pages.uoregon.edu/howard/?p=173
Marriage2:http://www.squidoo.com/understanding_marriage?utm_source=google&utm_medium=imgres&utm_campaign=fram
ebuster
Stone Carving of Childbirth: http://www.hsl.virginia.edu/historical/artifacts/antiqua/women.cfm
Mother with Baby http://www.csmonitor.com/Business/2010/1008/Which-nation-has-the-most-in-vitro-babies-Here-are-the-
Top-5/Greece-5.8-percent
Horse with wheels: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy
Old man teaching boys: http://palasha.wordpress.com/2009/01/06/citizen-of-the-world-in-ancient-greece/
Athena statue:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PallasGiustiniani.jpg
Greek hairstyles: http://www.fashion-era.com/ancient_costume/ancient-greek-dress-chiton.htm
Greek vase: http://www.arthistoryspot.com/2010/02/classical-greek-pottery/
Equestrian race: http://socrates.clarke.edu/aplg0317.htm
Apobates: http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TD004EN.html
*All unmentioned pictures are from Microsoft clipart*
