The document provides an overview of the clinical examination of the hip joint, including:
1) Inspection involves observing the patient standing, walking, and supine to identify any deformities, swelling, muscle wasting, or limb length inequality. Walking may reveal an antalgic or Trendelenburg gait.
2) Palpation feels for tenderness along the anterior joint line or adductor muscles, as well as any swelling.
3) Active range of motion tests flexion, abduction, adduction, and internal rotation to identify painful movements.
4) Special tests like the Patrick test/FABER test and Thomas test help diagnose specific hip conditions. Measurements of limb length and muscle
12. Antalgic gait
• Painful hip
• Shortens stance phase
on affected hip
• Leaning over affected
site to avoid painful
contraction of hip
abductor
Inspection – walking
13. Trendelenburg gait
• Indicates weakness of
abductor in affected site
• During stance phase on
affected site ,
contralateral pelvis dips
down
• Body leans to unaffected
site
• If both side – waddling
gait
14. Inspection – supine
• Skin changes
• Swelling – iliopectineal bursa
swelling at medial groin
extension of Baker cyst
• Deformity – fixed flexion , external
rotation , abduction
15. Inspection – supine
• Leg length inequality-
true leg length
apparent leg length
• Attitude – most comfortable in flexion ,
external rotation , abduction