A detailed presentation on pollution with its major types including its causes,effects and preventions.

1. POLLUTION

2. Presented by :
• Hamza Aziz
• Uzair shabir
• Muhammad Kashif
• Mushareb Shahid
• Muhammad Ayyun Javaid

3. OVERVIEW
• Introduction
• Definition of pollution
Main types of pollution
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Noise pollution
• Land pollution
• Prevention of these respective types of pollution
• Conclusion
• Q&A

4. INTRODUCTION
Pollution has significant impacts on human health, the environment,
and even on how some of the Earth's systems, such as the climate,
are functioning. Pollution touches all parts of the planet. It is affecting
our health through the food we eat, the water we drink and the air we
breathe. Landfills collect garbage and other land pollution in a central
location. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or
runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air,
water, and land.

5. Definition of pollution
When harmful substances contaminate the environment, it is called
pollution.
OR
Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment.
Pollution is a major global environmental risk to
our health and food security. It is estimated to
cause about 3.7 million premature deaths
worldwide and destroys enough crops to feed
millions of people every year.

6. Types of pollution
There are four major types of pollution :
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Noise pollution
• Land pollution

7. Air Pollution
Air pollution is the introduction of harmful material into the
atmosphere, causing damage to living organisms and environment.

8. Causes of Air Pollution
Major sources of air pollution:
• Industries.
• Automobiles and Domestic fuels.
• Dust (e.g. cement dust, foundry dust and windblown solid dust)
• Mist.
• Smoke.

9. Effects of air pollution
It affects:
• Human health.
• Animals.
• Plants.
• The whole atmosphere.
• Global warming.
• Ozone depletion.
• Acid rain.
• Various respiratory illnesses.

10. How to prevent air pollution?
• Using public transports.
• Turn off the lights when not in use.
• No to plastic bags.
• Reduction of forest fires and smoking.
• Use of fans instead of Air Conditioner.
• Use filters for chimneys.
• Avoid usage of crackers.
• Avoid using of products with chemicals.
• Implement Afforestation.

11. Water Pollution
Any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical(mercury), or biological
(disease, sewage) change to water that adversely affects its use by
alive beings.

12. Causes of water pollution
• Industrial Waste. Industries and industrial sites across the world are
a major contributor to water pollution. ...
• Marine Dumping. ...
• Sewage and Wastewater. ...
• Oil Leaks and Spills. ...
• Global Warming. ...
• Radioactive Waste
• Disposal of untreated municipal liquid waste.
• Leaking of sewage lines.
• Industrial waste water.

13. Effects of water pollution
• Diseases like Cholera.
• Malaria.
• Typhoid.
• Loss of aquatic life.
• Drinking water contamination.
• Pollution of water bodies e.g. rivers, canals, drains.
• Sub-soil water pollution.
• Crop damages.
• Heavy metals in food chain.
• Increased rate of waterborne diseases.

14. How to prevent water pollution?
• Rivers should not be used for washing clothes.
• Harvesting of rain water.
• Dams & embankments must be created.
• The rivers must not be contaminated.
• In rivers the dead bodies should not be thrown.
• Reduce the Use of Chemicals When Cleaning.
• Practice Water Conservation.
• Dispose of your Medications Properly.
• Avoid the Use of Pesticides and Herbicides.
• Avoid Water-Polluting Recreational Activities.

15. Noise pollution
Noise pollution can be simply defined as any unwanted sound that
affects the health and well-being of humans and other organisms.

16. Causes of noise pollution
• Industrialization. Most of the industries use big machines which are
capable of producing a large amount of noise. ...
• Poor Urban Planning. ...
• Social Events. ...
• Transportation. ...
• Construction Activities. ...
• Household Chores. ...
• Noise From Air Traffic. ...
• Catering and Nightlife

17. Effects of noise pollution
• Hearing Problems.
• Psychological Issues.
• Physical Problems.
• Cognitive Issues & Behavioral Changes.
• Sleeping Disorders.
• High blood pressure.
• Stress.
• Color Blindness.

18. How to prevent noise pollution?
• Turn off appliances at home when they are not being used.
• Shut the Door when using noisy Machines.
• Use Earplugs.
• Lower the volume.
• Stay away from Noisy area.
• Follow the Limits of Noise level.
• Control noise level near sensitive areas.

19. Land Pollution
The deposition of solid or liquid waste materials on land or
underground in a manner that contaminate the soil and ground water.

20. Causes of land pollution
• Mining.
• Urbanization.
• Industrialization.
• Nuclear waste.
• Deforestation.
• Extraction activities.
• Construction related activities.
• Dumping of nuclear waste.
• Littering.

21. Effects of land pollution
• The land cannot be used to build house.
• Ground water will get affected.
• Death of animals that inhabit the land.
• Polluted soil.
• Climate change.
• Flash floods.
• Irregular rainfalls.
• Extinction of species in wildlife.

22. How to prevent land pollution?
• Using fewer pesticides and chemicals in agriculture.
• Reforestation.
• Reduce, reuse and recycle (3R cycle).
• Reduce toxic materials.
• Recycle waste materials.
• Use organic products.
• Reduce the use of non-biodegradable materials.
• Avoid littering.

23. Conclusion
Pollution has become a great concern to save our planet. We need
to adapt various measures to reduce environment pollution. Some of
them includes planting trees, reducing the use of non-renewable
resources, proper disposal of wastes, etc. All type of pollution has
their kind of negative impact on our environment. The lives of humans
and animals get impacted due to this. It is our responsibility to take
various initiatives to protect nature. We need to fight against
pollution to take steps towards a better tomorrow.

24. Any Questions ?