HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together

HAARLEM: zip the scattered city together

Robin Boelsums, Ruud Hoekstra,
Richard de Ruiter, Qiu Ye

HAARLEM: zip the scattered city together
A n a l ys i s a n d d e s i gn o f t h e c i t y fo r m

Robin Boelsums 1275267, Ruud Hoekstra 1402587, Richard de Ruiter 1342061, Qiu Ye 4125398
Tutor: Steffen Nijhuis Phd-can. TU Delft // 01-11-2010 // R&D Studio AR1U090 Group 5
Masters of Urbanism TU Delft

P R E FA C E
Before you lies the research & design report, which is the result of the
Masters of Urbanism Studio AR1U090, “Analysis and Design of the City
Form”, commissioned by the TU Delft.

The focus of this course lies on the spatial form of the city. How to
analyse the city by just considering its spatial form? Take a look at the
landscape and its physical influence on the spatial development of the
city over times. How does the open space relate to the urban fabric?

When developing a vision, use only spatial aspects, almost ignoring
economic or social influences. Zooming in to the spacial aspects gives
enough guidelines to design a qualitive masterplan.

Use these different scales and see what influence they have on each
other. The masterplan can give new input for the vision. With those
subjects can be learned to deal with one of the most important lessons
in urbanism: working through scales.

Special thanks to Steffen Nijhuis PhD-can. for his contribution and in-
put he had in the project, tutoring us through the Research and Design
Studio.

Robin Boelsums
Ruud Hoekstra
Richard de Ruiter
Qiu Ye

November 1st, 2010

4 zipping the scattered city

A IB S T R A C T
T TEL
The first settlements of Haarlem developed in the 13th century on the
sandbanks along the river Spaarne. In the following centuries Haarlem
developed by the underlying landscape. In the beginning of the 20th the green carpet. Hereby a logical connection to the surrounding bor-
century infrastructure became more and more important, by the com- ders/patches is shaped.
ing of the railroad and highways. Haarlem grew towards and along this Sight lines make a connection north – south to the surrounding patches
infrastructure, until 1960. Schalkwijk became part of Haarlem and its and physic connections are created by slow grey structures in the form
development, and also the North and Waarderpolder were detatched of bicycle and pedestrian routes.
from both the landscape and the infrastructure. Functional inner courts in the dwelling area with car parking and back-
yards result in streets free of car parking. These strengthen the green
Based on this analysis can be concluded that there is a wide variety of carpet as a whole.
urban fabrics. This can be a quality but it can also cause fragmenta-
tion in a bad sense. To remain and improve this quality of diversity, is Schipholweg - For the Schipholweg is a vision developed, aiming to
a structure needed to structurise the city of Haarlem. The open spaces connect the northern part of Schalkwijk with the city-landscape. The
in between of the urban fabrics are the focus points. There is a lot of space between the Schipholweg and the Boerhaavelaan is zipping the
potential to transform these spaces into transition zones from one to city with the landscape by new and improved connections of green-
the other urban patch. structure and slow & fast infrastructure.

The open spaces -in which the Spaarne, Schipholweg and Amster-
damseweg are eleborated - can be the zippers to zip the scattered city
together.

Spaarne South - This zone is reorganised as a “green carpet” of the
Spaarne zone which is one of the structures of Haarlem. The goal is
to complete the present landscape and improve its relationship with
surroundings. The approach is to permeate the lanscape and create
more view spots in dwelling areas, and maximize the visable angel of
landscape from the neighbourhood.

Spaarne North - A vision on this zone was developed, aiming for a good
relation of both riverbanks with the water. Creating this relation, the
water turns into a transition zone that enables a relation between the
East and West urban patch. In the more detailed zoomed in masterplan
can be seen how this relation was created: sight lines to the water, a
road along the water and buildings along the bank for instance.

Amsterdamseweg - This zone is based on the vision of pin nailing a
green carpet to its surroundings. By adding a strong tree structure the
open space patches of east and west are connected.
By redefining the fast grey infrastructures, making the railway track
underground and distracting high density traffic around the zone, the
base conditions for a green carpet are created.
The borders of the zone determine which program should come into

zipping the scattered city 5

INTRODUCTION
Haarlem is one of the most beautiful old cities of the Netherlands, posi-
tioned in the provence of North Holland. It consists of 150,000 inhabit-
ants and that makes it a medium sized city in this country. Its attractive,
monumental centre is famous and with its location close to Amsterdam
and the coastline, it attracts both foreign and inland tourists.

Are there actually problems in Haarlem? Is there anything that can be
improved by urbanists? Out of the analysis should emerge the improve-
ments that can be made by urbanists, by considering its spatial aspects.

The analysis contains the growth of Haarlem. Based on the conclusions
indept research on open space can be formed. The research gives suf-
ficient input to develop a vision on the entire city. In the vision dif-
ferent envelopes can be defined that ask for redevelopment. On four
envelopes will be zoomed in to formulate its more specified vision and
masterplan.

To conclude, the four envelop visions will provide new input to refine
the vision on the city of Haarlem.


INDEX

4 Preface
5 Abstract
6 Introduction
7 Index
8 Analysis Haarlem
8 Haarlem in the region
9 Soil of Haarlem
10 Growth of Haarlem
18 Strategy
19 Analysis open space
22 Conclusion
23 Vision
24 Envelopes
27 Spaarne South
31 Spaarne North
43 Amsterdamseweg
55 Schipholweg
67 Evaluation
69 Reflection


A N A LY S I S H A A R L E M I N T H E R E G I O N

H H
A A

U U
DH DH

R R

Train network Motor network Spatial form of surrounded cities

Haarlem is situated in the Northwest wing of the Randstad, surrounded by big
sized cities: economical (financial hart Amsterdam) or infrastructural (Schiphol)
and political (the Hague). In this surrounding Haarlem could take a position
as a recreational city (for tourists). It can also take the position of a dwelling
area for people who work in Amsterdam. In this way Haarlem takes part in the
bigger region and can benefit from that.


S O IE L O F H A A R L E M
TIT L
The elongated shape (7000 by 1800 m) of the city Haarlem is determined
by geographical conditions. The forming of the landscape started 12,000
years ago. Due to a relatively short period of increasing temperature
the ice caps and glaciers, that much of the northern and western part
of Europe covered, began to melt.

The relatively shallow bowl (tundra plain) between England and the
Netherlands began filling with water, now called the North Sea. Around
7,000 years before the beginning of our era, came an end to a gradually
rising sea level. Wind and seas supplied large amounts of sand, making
sand barriers. In this elongated, parallel spaced sand banks the wind
threw meters high dunes which eventually formed a closed coastline,
in some places interrupted by estuaries.

The oldest, most eastern shoreline is the sandbank on which Spaarn-
woude would arise. When this shoreline was formed a new shoreline
started to arise. On this second sandbank Schoten, Haarlem and Heem-
stede were founded.
On the third shoreline Santpoort, Bloemendaal, Hillegom and Lisse were
founded. These so-called ancient dunes should not be confused with
the dozens of meters high dunes between The Hague and Den Helder.
These young dunes arise in the eleventh and twelfth century and are
now part of the dune landscape of The Netherlands and function as a
defensive wall for the seawater.
young dunes
11th, 12th century

old dunes
12.000 years ago

Haarlem


A N A LY S I S G R O W T H O F H A A R L E M

?

Haarlem - Haarlo-hein - high up situated village.

1245 City laws

1429 Tax laws


G IR O W T H O F H A A R L E M
T TEL
1 3 t h ce n t u r y 1450

First settlement on sandbank Jump across the river


GROWTH OF HAARLEM

?

16th century One of the six biggest cities of the Netherlands
17th century Third city of the Netherlands 55,000 inhabitants.
1559 Establishment of the Bisdom of Haarlem.
1635-1637 Pest-plague: ¼ of inhabitants died
1573 Spanish siege: fall of the fortress Haarlem: the siege of Haar-
lem. 1800 Inhabitants back to 20,000

1576 City fire: ¼ of the city destroyed because of the fire. 19th century Fortresses replaced by public gardens.

1577 Spaniards are leaving after the agreement of Veere. 1839 First train between Haarlem and Amsterdam.

1622 40,000 inhabitants. 1843 Railroad between Haalem and Leiden.

1631 Connection with Amsterdam by a boat canal. 1895-1930 Build of Cathedral Sint Bavo, Neo Byzantijns, architect Cuypers


T TEL
1822 1915

Fortress of Haarlem Extension in East and West


GROWTH OF HAARLEM

?

1927 Municipality Schoten becomes part of Haarlem


T TEL
1930 1960

First major extension along infrastructure Second major extension along infrastructure


GROWTH OF HAARLEM

?

1963 Part of Haarlemmerliede became part of Haarlem: Schalkwijk

21st century Housing assignment by the kingdom


T TEL
2010

Development of Waarderpolder, North, and Schalkwijk


S T R AT E G Y
Conclusion Looking at this historical development we can see that there is Method Now that is clear what direction the research is heading towards,
a wide variety of urban patches. This variety can be a quality, the method can be defined.
but it can also cause fragmentation in a negative sense. How First step is to take a closer look at the open space. What are
can we make certain that this diversity is a quality and that it the potentialities? Based on that we can develop a city vision
does not make Haarlem a scattered city? for Haarlem.
Goal We need to add structure to the city, that is our goal. In this plan envelopes can be defined, that ask for attention.
There is a lot of potential in the open spaces. They seperate We will individualy zoom in on four of the envelopes to make a
Tool the urban patches from each other and could be used to add more detailed vision and masterplan.
structure to the city. These spaces can then be a transition zone
between the diverse urban fabrics. As a metaphor the open
spaces can be the zipper that zip the scattered city together.


R E S E A R C H O P E N S PA C E

Open space is defined as the space that is unbuilt or relatively low
densed. The urban patches in between, are the relatively high densed
areas. What can be found in these spaces? How do they relate to the
edges of the urban patches around?
We take a look at the green structue and its functions, and the water
functions. Furthermore we investigate the crossings on the infrasctruc-
ture, and the building typologies on the edges that are shown in the
right figure.


T I AT E R & G R E E N
WTEL
Wa t e r G re e n A

M A M

North North

LEGEND LEGEND
General General
Sandlandscape A Sandlandscape

Greenlandscape Greenlandscape
Water Water

Railway Railway
Buildings Buildings

Water Water
Banks accesible, plus function Banks accesible, plus function
Banks accesible, plus function Banks accesible, plus function
Terrace zone Terrace zone

M Marina
The greenMarina
A
struc- M
Waterways A Waterways

Water treatment
ture of Haarlem is
Water treatment
Restore view on Spaarne divided into view on Spaarne
Restore four

Water storage (search area)
Living on the water (search area)
types of green: the water (search area)
city
Living on

Green green; Green struc-
tree
City green ture; peat meadowCity green

& suburban meadow & suburban area
area;
Tree structure Tree structure
Peat meadow & suburban area Peat
Provincial Ecological Mainstructure and a provincial Mainstructure
Provincial Ecological

Parks, Cemeteries, Intensive recreational
area, Urban green features e c o l o g i c aParks,m a i nfeatures recreational
l Cemeteries, Intensive
area, Urban green
Sports Grounds structure. This green
Sports Grounds

Protect and/or develop as an important Protect and/or develop as an important
natural feature structure has several featuresnatural feature
Event terrain Event terrain

Extinsive living
that devides the green area into
Extinsive living
City camping different fragments. There areCity camping
Windmills
protected areas and other areas have a recreational or sport function. Windmills
New sport and / or educational function New sport and / or educational function
This distribution ensures that the green structure is not always easy
Looking at the water, a diversity of functions can be seen. Next to regular Protect Bird-area Protect Bird-area

A Allotments accessible for people. In order to improve the accessibility, Aso Allotments
people
water ways, a water treatment plant can be found. Also different search Infrastructure
can make best use of the green qualities of the city, new slow infra-
Infrastructure
areas form water storage are present. Some areas have been protected, Bridge
B B Bridge
500 500 m 1 km
T Tunnel structure connections are created. This route leads to contact with the
500 m 500 m 1 km
T Tunnel
urbanists cannot change anything there.
Scale
2 km
C Crossing
2 km
Scalevarious green structures of the city. When the green structure of the
C Crossing

The last function that can be found is living on water. A very interest- Direction Direction
Haarlem Haarlemfunctions, will the city attract new residents and tourists, because
city
ing one, because it is a transition zone between open and built space. Stampposition
Typology Typology
of the increasing cultural and tourist value. Stampposition
6 Profile-section 6 Profile-section


INFR ASTRUC TURE & T YPOLOGY

Profile Spaarne - Buitenspaarne

7

15

North

6

8
Profile Spaarne - Spaarne (3)
14

LEGEND
5
General
Sandlandscape
4
Greenlandscape

9 Water
3
13
Railway
Buildings
2
Water
Banks accesible, plus function Profile Spaarne - Spaarndamseweg (5)
Banks accesible, plus function
Terrace zone

M Marina

10 Waterways
1
Water treatment
Restore view on Spaarne

I n f r a s t r u c t u re
12

Green
City green Profile Spaarne - Spaarndamseweg2 (6)
11 Tree structure
In the direction the in-
frastructure leads to, it
Peat meadow & suburban area
Provincial Ecological Mainstructure
Ty p o l o g y
mostly creates a good Parks, Cemeteries, Intensive recreational
area, Urban green features
The study shows the relation of the building typologies to the open
connec tion. Crossing Sports Grounds space.
By research in profiles and typology stamps the following questions
Protect and/or develop as an important
t h e s e i n f ra s t r u c t u ra l natural feature

lines can be a problem
Event terrain
Extinsive living
can be asked:
and can cause fragmen- City camping Is there grey infrastructure (oneProfile Vondelwegways, four ways) in between
way, two (7)
tation. This depends on how the road is designed: is it a one way, two Windmills and / or educational function and does it cause fragmentation? Is the connection to the open space
New sport
way, four way or bicycle or pedestrian route? It also depends on how Protect Bird-area hard (cay) or soft (slope, nature)? Is the connection to the open space
the crossings are designed: bridges, tunnels or flat crossings. A Allotments physical long or short? What are the weaknesses, strengths and op-
Infrastructure
Gathering this information can point out where new transitions have B Bridge portunities to relate the typology to the open space? Looking at the
to be made. Where are opportunities to cross and where to create a T Tunnel
500 m 500 m
2 km
1 km
pictures above, the answers can be seen. The typologies consists of a
better flow of grey infrastructure?
Scale C Crossing lot of different combinations in these mentioned subjects, which cre-
ates a diverse urban landscape.Profile Spoor-Jan P.C.straat (13)
Direction
With the relation to open space in mind interventions can be designed
Haarlem Typology
based on this analysis. Stampposition
6 Profile-section


O P E N S PA C E
It can be concluded that not only the urban fabric shows a lot of di-
versity, also the open space is really diverse. The diversity of green and
water functions shows that there is a great potential of making relations A
from the urban fabric towards these functions. Zooming in we can take
a closer look on these relations to create the envelop visions.

On first sight the crossings over the infrastructure look sufficient. When
zooming in we can refine this statement.
The urban fabric is at this day still very diverse, so this creates opportu-
nities to have a good look at the transistion between them. It creates a 7
A M

good quality of an interesting urban environment. But it can also causes
fragmentation on a city scale, if there is not a good structure made. 15

North

6

8

14

LEGEND
5
General
A 4
Sandlandscape

Greenlandscape

9 Water
3
13
Railway
Buildings
2
Water
Banks accesible, plus functi

Banks accesible, plus functi
Terrace zone

M Marina
A
A 10 Waterways
1
Water treatment


12 Living on the water (search

Green
City green
11 Tree structure
Peat meadow & suburban a
Provincial Ecological Mains

Parks, Cemeteries, Intensive
Sports Grounds

Protect and/or develop as a
natural feature
Event terrain
Extinsive living

City camping
Windmills
New sport and / or educati
Protect Bird-area

A Allotments

Infrastructure
B Bridge
500 m 500 m 1 km
2 km T Tunnel

Scale C Crossing

Direction
Haarlem Typology

22 zipping the scattered city 6
Stampposition
Profile-section

VISION HAARLEM
Parks, Cemeteries, Intensive recreational
Sports Grounds

Protect and/or develop as an important
LEGEND natural feature
Event terrain

Extinsive living
General
Sandlandscape City camping

Greenlandscape Windmills

Water New sport and / or educational function

Railway Protect Bird-area

Buildings A Allotments

Water Infrastructure
A M
Banks accesible, plus function B Bridge

Banks accesible, plus function T Tunnel

Terrace zone C Crossing

Direction
M Marina

Waterways Typology
Water treatment Envelope
Stampposition

6 Profile-section
Under construction

Water storage (search area) Zoom-in area

Envelope Connections
Green Connecting Haarlem
Under construction
North with Open Space
City green Zoom-in area Connecting waterbanks
Tree structure along Spaarne
Connections
Peat meadow & suburban area Haarlem Connection waarderpolder
Connecting
with Open Space
North with Open Space
Provincial Ecological Mainstructure
Connecting Haarlem and
Connecting waterbanks
Parks, Cemeteries, Intensive recreational Heemstede by Open Space
along Spaarne
area, Urban green features A
Connecting Schalkwijk
Connection waarderpolder
Sports Grounds with Open Space with Open Space

Protect and/or develop as an important and Connecting Open
Connecting Haarlem
natural feature Space with another
Heemstede by Open Space
Event terrain Connecting Dunelandscape City entrances
Connecting Schalkwijk
with Polderlandscape
with Open Space
Extinsive living
Connecting Dunelandscape NS Station
Connecting Open
City camping with Polderlandscape
Space with another
Windmills Connecting Dunelandscape City entrances
with Polderlandscape
New sport and / or educational function
500 m 500 m 1 km
Connecting Dunelandscape NS Station
Protect Bird-area with Polderlandscape 2 km
A Allotments Scale
Infrastructure
B Bridge
500 m 500 m 1 km Haarlem
2 km
HaarlemTconsists Scale variety of urban patches. These patches are a
Tunnel of a a ‘zipper’: a transition zone that connects the patches to a united whole.
result ofChistorical development in landscape, infrastructure and de-
Crossing

Direction Haarlem
tatched areas. Next to that, there are a lot of open spaces in between Due to chaining the open spaces a strong structure arises. This structure can
with a Typologyof program.
variety consist of different spatial qualities. The challenge is to create a good transition
The open space can give structure to these patches, it can function as
Stampposition zone from one urban patch, to the open space, and to the other urban patch.
6 Profile-section


ENVELOPES
Zone 1 Jan Gijzenkade
The areas of the old football stadium of FC Haarlem and other sport
functions along the Jan Gijzenkade have the potential for a new devel-
opment area for dwelling and reorganisation of the sport facilities. In
a green environment, a new living environment develops.
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 2 Green zone North
The Northern green zone has a protected and recreational function.
The protected area is a breading place for birds. The recreational func-
tion is provided with windmills. The connections as the accessibility of
both areas can be improved in a way that they are accessible for slow
Zone 3
infrastructure, cyclists and pedestrians.

Zone 3 Spaarne North
Zone 4
The Spaarne North zone consists of two urban patches with a river in
between: in the East a light industrial area and in the West a dwelling
Zone 5 area. Due to demolishment and fallow land there is a possibility to do
interventions which relate the areas to the Spaarne river. Also by in-
terventions on a more zoomed in scale -sightlines to the water, a road
along the water and buildings faced to the water- the zone can develop
as a transition zone and improve the East –West connection.
Zone 7 Zone 6
Zone 4 Railway node West
The area has the potential to relocate the NS Prorail facility along the
Schipholweg. By relocating this function to this area, it provides new
development space along the Schipholweg for housing and commercial
Zone 8 programme.

Zone 9 Zone 5 Amsterdamseweg
The Amsterdamseweg zone is the primary entrance of Haarlem. By the
relocation of the NS Prorail facility a large space along the Amsterdam-
Jan Gijzenkade seweg close to the inner city comes free. Distraction of the existing high
Zone 1 Reorganization green functions
densed grey structures trough the zone creates circumstances which
Green zone North
Zone 2 Connect with other greenzones are suitable for dwelling and commercial development. By replacing
Spaarne North the railway track underground and distractiing the high densed traffic
Zone 3 New development area/Relation with water
the area can develop as a transition zone in East – West and in North
Railway Knot West
Zone 4 Relocated NS Prorail – South direction.
Amsterdamseweg
Zone 5 Reorganize the Profile/Program/Connections
Green zone East
Zone 6 Green zone East
Zone 6 Connect with other green zones The green zone is the connection between the northern and southern
Zone 7
Schipholweg
New develop area Program/Connections
green zones. By creating a ‘landscape bridge’ in the North to connect
Spaarne South both parts together and making new slow infrastructure bridge over the
Zone 8 New development area Schipholweg a continuous routing trough the green zones of Haarlem
Green zone South
Zone 9 Connect with other greenzones is established


ENVELOPES
Zone 7 Schipholweg Chosing four envelopes
The Schipholweg zone is the secondary entrance of Haarlem. By design- Due to the fact that each one of the group will elaborate one
ing the area the zone can connect the northern part of Schalkwijk with of the envelopes, a decision needs to be made how to choose which
the city landscape to the north side of the Schipholweg. The designed ones will be elaborated. The zones with the highest priority are the
area between the Schipholweg and the Boerhaavelaan can zip these ones surrounded by urban patches, so zone 3, 5 and 7. These can re-
three patches together by new and improved connections of green ally prevent Haarlem from being scattered. The rest of the zones are
structure and slow and fast infrastructure. In this way the Schipholweg positioned on the edges of the city.
also becomes an interesting entrance of Haarlem. Furthermore the district Schalkwijk is an important part, because it is
built as an isolated part of Haarlem. This gives priority to zone 7, 8 and
Zone 8 Spaarne South 9, in which 8 is the most important one since it relates to both Schalk-
The Spaarne South zone consists of three patches: the Spaarne River, wijk and Heemstede.
a green area and a dwelling area. The zone can develop a connection
for Schalkwijk towards its surroundings and towards the entire chain of With this information we can state that the zones with the highest pri-
open spaces. By creating buildings in the border area that face to the ority are: Spaarne South (8), Spaarne North (3), Amsterdamseweg (5)
Spaarne the zone can develop as a green garden for this neighbour- and Schipholweg (7).
hood. Also sightlines can help to establish the connection towards the Moreover these envelopes are the most complex ones. They consist of
Spaarne. wide waterways, a large green area, and the most important infrastruc-
tures. If these four zones are developed, the hardest task is finished and
Zone 9 Green zone South the rest of the zones can follow from these designs.
The southern green zone has a protected and water storage function.
The protected area is a breading place for birds. The water storage area
is reserved for extreme water conditions. The connections as the acces-
sibility of both areas can be improved in a way that they are accessible
for slow infrastructure: cyclists and pedestrians. With all the new con-
nections and entrance to the green zone it makes that the green zone is
becoming one whole. A M

A


INDIVIDUAL PROJEC T

E N V E L O P E S PA A R N E S O U T H
Q i u Ye


T I TaEaLr n e S o u t h
Sp
MASTERPLAN
SPORTS

The Site

DWELLING

PARK

TRANSFORM

INTRODUCTION
My site is an “green finger” in Schalkwijk, which is the only green left along
the spaarne river. As the main structure of the city, i think it should be kept
as green as it can, which not only completes the lanscape structure but also
could be quanlity of the neighbourhood.

CONCEPT

From the filed trip I find out that this ares is seperated by three functions,
which are sports area, dwelling area and park. Each area is very closed to
itself and hard to access. My goal is to reorgnaize this area by mix up these
functions and create more see through angels for other parts of Schalkwijk.
By doing these, people lives in schalkwijk can better enjoy the Spaarne river.
Meanwhile, the relationship between lanscape and other city fabrics will be
improved.


Spaarne South
SPACIAL ANALYSIS GREEN TYPOLOGY

Schalkwijk has a long history of being a fame land of Haarlemmermeer.
The Site Its development of dwelling starts in 1980s, after it becomes part of Haar-
Original lem. The building in this area is mainly joint-house, however, there are
Spaarne
some independent houses along the river, which creates variety relation-
ships between landscape and building.

There are three type of green relationships, which I think could be prob-
lems:
Along the river

Fall back and leave Space for green

NO ACCESS XENOPHOBIC TOO WILD

There several joint-houses Th e j o i nt- h o u s e i s t h e It is said that Netherlands
seperate the buildings
social value
near the sports yard, but identit y of Schalk wijk , enjoy nature landscape,
create more visiable angles economic
value
the entrances of this side most of them have their but do they really? One
are blocked. There is only own public space. The interesting discovery is
one main entrance of those problem is those spaces that there were more peo-
sports yard, but people are 100% public but very ple sitting along the road,
who live nearby have to xenophobic. People will enjoy their coffee than who
Make a use of differen hights travel around to the other feel uncomfortable of being sitting in a beautiful but
for near-shot and long-shot views
side to get in. Same thing there if they are not living very nature park. Perhaps
also happened with the in the neighborhood. the park is a little bit too
houses along the river, nature/wild to people to
the river bank becomes enjoy. And, those shadows
part of their back yard, of big trees and the lacking
Permeate the landscape maxismize the view spots
which blocks the view to of artificial facilities make
the Spaarne. the park unfriendly.


T I TaEaLr n e S o u t h
Sp
DESIGN APPROACH

The approach is to use part structure of inner city, than 1 1
collage the sight view analysis from the surroundings,
grow low plants like grass and small pushes which will
not block the views, the last step is to create artificial
facilities to make the park more easy to enjoy.

SLOPE PARK
Slope park is an interesting park. The plants composed by grass, low
pushes and small trees. The goal is to create visiable angels to Spaarne
river as many as possible. At the same time it can be a quanlity green
area to the community.
The Slope makes the place more fun and enable the low land be-
comes a water pool if the wate level rises.
In Winter, when the water froze, it can be used as a skating rink. So
the park is a mutiple function open space.

sight inner artificail green SECTION 1-1
structure facilities slope


INDIVIDUAL PROJEC T

E N V E L O P E S PA A R N E N O R T H
Robin Boelsums


I NT E L D U C T I O N
TI TRO
The river Spaarne cuts through Haarlem from North to South. In the
previous analysis of the city, the question was raised whether these
kinds of open areas in between the urban patches cause problems.
In this section there will be zoomed in to the North of the Spaarne.
The analysis will show that the diversity of urban patches is also A M
A M

present on this lower scale. On the West a residential area, and on
the East an industrial area. Next, a method is shown on how to deal
with this diversity. How can the water function as a transition zone
between the different patches on the East and West bank? This will
be shown, on the base of six principles, in an envelope vision of
Spaarne North.
What do these principles look like spatially? Zooming in to a more
detailed masterplan will answer this question.

Finally, an evaluation can be found, reconsidering the working method
and final products. A A

The river Spaarne cuts through Haarlem The envelope Spaarne North


S T R AT E G Y
The goal is to add structure to Haarlem, by developing the open Method First an analysis is shown to proove that not only on the city
Goal spaces. On this lower scale it means that we need to improve scale there is a wide variety of urban fabrics, but also on this
the relation of East and West by connecting both riversides to lower scale that is the case.
the water. Then, the method to reach the goal is translated into six prin-
Tool The Spaarne as transition zone between the urban patches is ciples. This will be shown in a vision.
the tool to reach the goal. How will the Spaarne be used? That After that, we can see how this works spatially in a masterplan
will be formulated in six principles that are on the base of the when zooming in more. The spatial qualities will also be shown
envelope vision. in graphical impressions.

Zipping the East and West bank together: using the Spaarne as a transition zone in between


A N A LY S I S E A S T A N D W E S T A S D I V E R S E PAT C H E S
O p e n s p a c e fo r m Ty p o l o g y

West: the open space directly at the East: the open space at the riverside West: the buildings shape the open East: the buildings are placed in the
riverside is clearly defined by a con- is not clear defined. The form of the space, there is a low OSR. open space, there is a high OSR.
sistent row of buildings. buildings is inconsistent.


E A S T A N D W E S T A S D I V E R S E PAT C H E S
Road pattern R o a d s t r u c t u re

West: refined road structure, no dead East: unrefined road structure, many West: the road is at the riverside and East: the road is inland and branches
end roads dead end roads branches out away from the river. out towards the river.


V I T EO N : 6 P R I N C I P L E S
T SI L
Out of this previous analysis clearly the conclusion can be drawn that Existing situation
the East and West consist of two diverse patches. These are seperated by
the Spaarne, so to connect them the relation with the Spaarne should be Building o
improved. The water can then function as a transition zone in between.
To relate to the water six principles are established.
In the current situation the principles are already there on some spots.
Most changes are made on the East side. On the next page the princi-
ples will be explained one by one. Building al

Sight line t

Public spa

Pedestrian
Car road al

Follow sha


6 PRINCIPLES Building on water Building along water Sight line towards water

Fu t u re s i t u a t i o n
In the form of house- Public space attracts Building o
boats and bridges people to stay at
there can be built on the waterside. This
the water. In order to ensures a relation.
be able to create a Spatially it creates
Building along water
Building on water road along the eastern cambers along the
Sight line towards water Building al
riverbank (principle 5), Public space along water linear Pedestrian and cycle path
space of the Follow shape of waterbank
two bridges need to be established in the Spaarne. The open
along water
middle and south part. Buildingon the water
Living on water space is pulledalong the urban patch.Sightopen water water
Building into water Car The line towards
road along
will be in the two branches on the East. space is as well part of the open space as part
By building on the water, the urban fabric is of the urban fabric.
mixed with the open space.
Sight line t
The urban fabric is an Th e ro a d s a re
active space where a part of the open
Public space along waterhappens. Bringingand cycle path
lot Pedestrian Follow shape of p a c e a s w e l l
s waterbank
along water
this urbanised space as of the urban
Car road along water
close to the water cre- fabric. Therefore
ates a spatial relation
Public space along water Pedestrian and cycle path it creates a tran- of waterbank
Follow shape
Building along water between the two. towards water
Sight line sition between
along water Public spa
This in contrast with for example an unused Car road along water the t wo. This
industrial area, that denies any relation with bankside road is
the water. already present at the West, but will be estab-
lished in the East, for pedestrians and cyclists.

Building on water Building along water Sight line towards water
Pedestrian
It goes without Car road al
saying that sight Fo l l ow i n g t h e
g water Pedestrian and cycle path lines towards shape of waterbank
Follow the shape of the
along water water create spa- waterbank is
Car road along water tial connections. copying the form
A traditional of the space to
way of building the urban fab-
is applied in the ric. Using this Follow sha
water Sight line towards water d e s i g n , w h i c h shape not only
Public space along water Pedestrian and cycle path Follow shape of waterbank
ensures that the sightalong water building
lines cut the at the riverside,
blocks into pieces. Car road along water but also further
inland can create a new relation.


C IRTU C I A L D E TA I L
T EL
Lo c a t i o n i n H a a r l e m M a s te r p l a n
To be able to show the spatial qualities of this approach, it is useful First, the plan will be explained as if it is a masterplan that stands on
to work on a lower scale. The area for the masterplan was chosen on its own. Second it will be explained on the base of the six principles.
a spot with new buildings on both the East and the West. But on each
other spot of the Spaarne North envelope, the approach to come to a This area is approximately 500 by 500 meters, 25 hectares. Industry in
detailed masterplan would have been the same. the city is generally slowly shifting out of the city. For this approach in
Haarlem this shifting is encouraged. But Haarlem has almost no places
where this industry can shift to, so the use of the groundspace should
be intensified.
The Waarderpolder will be shifted to an area with a mixed function of
dwellings and offices. How can dwellings be combined with offices
and industry? The light industry will therefore be converted from wide,
low buildings, to small, high buildings with parking lots underground.
The industry should be surrounded by offices, since in most cases it is
not allowed to build dwellings next to it. Next to the offices can be a
mixture of offices and dwellings.

All of this will be established within the frame of the six principles.

Transformation of industrial buildings: intensify
use of space


T EL
Masterplan

The new residential areas are developed
with green surroundings. In Haarlem there
is a lack of public green therefore it is
good to always keep this in mind when
designing public space.
Some building blocks have an inner gar-
den, but all blocks have an outer garden
or private zone. This makes the transition
zone between public and private. This
ensures that the transition from the open
space of the river to the public space
around it to the actual dwellings is as
sufficient as possible.


T EL
Fu n c t i o n m a p
In the map of the functions can be seen how business is
combined with dwellings. When mixing these functions it
is important to keep in mind the social control that there
is, after closing hours. Ideal the two functions would be
organised in a chess pattern, so that there is always a form
of social control on the streets.
There are 510 dwellings and approximately 50,000m2 of
offices.
In this area already exist some dwellings. There are a lot of
houseboats, but also some detatched houses that seem lost
between the industry. In this plan it becomes attatched to
the environment.


T EL

Building in green & view on water Looking out of the office

Public square & roads along the water Green lane


T IR U C I A L D E TA I L
C TEL E V A L U AT I O N
Th e p ro j e c t
So far, the principles that are in the masterplan were not discussed yet.
This project took eight weeks, so it is not possible to elaborate and
That shows that also without the principles and the foregoing vision,
research anything as much as you would like. If I had more time I would
this could be a qualitative good plan.
definitely take more time to research what principles could be used to
In the image below can be seen that the principles are there. This shows
create a relation with the water. Literature studies and a comparison
only the new added principles. There is built on and along the water,
of designs would have been useful. Now, I only took a quick look at
there are sightlines towards the water, public spaces and continuous
Dutch cities with the same width of water running through. For the
roads along the Spaarne, and the shape of the riverbank has been fol-
time being however, it was effective.
lowed.
The industry of the Waarderpolder is very diverse. I did not have the
time to research what the exact funtcions of the buildings are, whether
the will disappear in 10-20 years and whether it is possible to build
dwellings nearby. If I had more time I would have done that, but for
the time being I made assumptions on what can and will disappear.

M y p ro ce s s
I found the project very interesting. After MSc2 it was very useful to
finally get an introduction to urbanism and work on a lower scale (in
comparison to Island IJsselmonde).
Analysing the city went very well I think. With the group we came to
interesting conclusions, and thanks to our teacher we focused very much
on creating a coherent story combined with beautiful, legible maps.
I myself like analysing very much, and also the theoratical approach
is my cup of thee. When we had to switch to a desgin however, I had a
bit of trouble. I cannot simply design something from scratch. I need a
good base on which I can design. So when I got stuck in the process, I
zoomed out again to reformulate and sharpen the principles. On that
base I was able to design much better. Just draw, then you almost au-
tomatically find out what is wrong or right.

New added principles


INDIVIDUAL PROJEC T

ENVELOPE AMSTERDAMSE WEG
Ruud Hoekstra


HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together

HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

En vedette

En vedette (7)

Similaire à HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together

Similaire à HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together (20)

Plus de Robin Boelsums

Plus de Robin Boelsums (10)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

HAARLEM: Zip the Scattered City Together