Describes how integers are stored in memory using two’s complement. How computer stores integers values using one's and two's complement and who is the MSB.

1. Two’s
complement
How integers are stored in memory

2. Integers
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
Binary equivalent of 98 is 01100010
The MSB (most significant bit) bit is used to indicate whether the number is positive or negative.
For positive numbers MSB will be 0.
For negative numbers MSB will be 1.
The MSB for 98 is 0 because is positive
MSB
32 bits

3. Negative integers
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
+ 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
+ 98 in binary
One’s complement of 98
Two’s complement of 98
Swap all bits
Add 1
1 indicate negative number