SARS (server active respiratory syndrome) short overlook

1. Rushikesh H. Dasare
SARS

2. SARS (severe active respiratory syndrome)
• It is the viral respiratory disease cause by CoV (corona virus).
• It is the disorder that is communicable.
• It involves serious illness that inhibit the ability to breath.
• Cause high fever, dry cough, and trouble breathing.

3. Epidemiology
Agent :- Corona virus
Host :- all age groups
Environment :- overcrowding

4. Agent
• The causative agent is the new strain of corona virus.
• Present in infected material of mouth, nose, eyes and present in
infectious respiratory droplets.
• Incubation period is 2-7 days.

5. SARS corona virus.
• It is the positive single stranded RNA virus +ss RNA virus
• Belonging to the family of enveloped corona virus.
• Its genome is approximately 29.7 kb(kilo-base).

6. Host
• Humans and animals.
• It rarely occurs in infants.
• No proof has been reported regarding the occurrence of SARS in
infants if mother is infected during pregnancy.

7. Environment
• Virus can live for long time period in cold.
• It can survive out side the body for hours.
• It can survive on plastic surface at R.T for at least 24hrs.
• It spread faster in overcrowded area.

8. Mode of transmission
• Infected droplets by sneezing.
• Infected discharge.
• Infected objects.
• Person to person contact.

9. Signs and symptoms

10. Laboratory diagnosis
Blood test – eg. CBC and CRP
Stool test
Chest x- ray
CT scan
R-T-PCR

11. • Use of mask and gloves, disinfecting floor, disinfecting cloths, etc.
• Covering the mouth while sneezing.
• Use of sanitizer.
• Washing hands frequently with soap.
• Isolation of the infected person.
• Getting Vaccination.
Prevention and control

12. Medicinal Treatment
i) Broad spectrum antibiotic.
E.g :- Ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, quinolones, etc.
ii) Antiviral agent.
E.g:- Ribavirin, Lapinavir, Ritinavir, Ramdesivir, etc.
iii) Corticosteroids.
E.g:- cortison, hydro-cortisone, prednisone,etc.

13. Medicinal Treatment cont…….
iv) o2 therapy
v) Supportive treatment – eg. Vitamin C suppliment

14. Questions ?
1) Why we use antibiotic to treat SARS ?
2) What is positive single stranded RNA ?

15. Answers >
A1) The symptoms of SARS may get confused with other respirator
diseases caused by bacterial (eg.pneumonia), hence we also use
antibiotics.
A2) Positive single stranded RNA translate directly to the protein and
negative single stranded RNA transcript for mRNA and then translate to
proteins.
+ve ss RNA ---------- Proteins
-ve ss RNA ---------- mRNA -------- proteins