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Java is dead, long live Scala Kotlin Ceylon etc.
- 1. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 1
Java is Dead
Long Live Scala, Kotlin, Ceylon,
etc.
Russel Winder
email: russel@winder.org.uk
xmpp: russel@winder.org.uk
twitter: @russel_winder
Web: http://www.russel.org.uk
- 4. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 4
What are the symptoms?
● Java is seriously verbose.
● Java has poor type inference.
● Java has only low-level support for concurrency and
parallelism.
● Java generates a dependency hell .“ ”
● Java is a 1990s imperative language that isn't really
object-oriented.
● …
- 5. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 5
Is there a cure?
● Can Java:
● Be less verbose.
● Have better type inferencing.
● Do concurrency and parallelism better. (Doug Lea, Brian
Goetz and others have actually been doing this for a
while.)
● Have a reasonable module system, cf. Jigsaw vs. OSGi.
● Be a real object-oriented language.
- 8. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 8
Create a new language
● Java is a statically
typed, compiled
language, so create a
new statically typed
compiled language:
● Scala
● Kotlin
● Ceylon
● Fantom
● ?
- 10. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 10
Scala
● Integrates functional
and object-oriented.
● Very declarative style
of expression.
● Strong support for data
parallelism. Also Akka
for actors and such-like.
● Strong static type
checking with
inferencing and reified
generic type
parameters.
- 11. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 11
Kotlin
● Top-level functions.
● Object-oriented, with
functional elements
● Strong static type
checking with
inferencing.
● Has modules.
● Allows extension
methods.
● Compiles to JavaScript
or JVM to support
end-to-end Web
applications
development.
- 12. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 12
Ceylon
● Top-level functions.
● Object oriented with
functional features.
● Strong static typing
with inference.
● Explicit module
system.
● JavaScript and JVM
backends so as to be
end-to-end for Web
applications
development.
- 13. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 13
Fantom
● Top-level functions.
● Object-oriented.
● Integrated modules
system via pods.
● Targets JVM and CLR.
- 14. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 14
?
The identity of this statically typed, object-oriented
(with functional bits) language for the JVM will
remain unnamed at this time to preserve the air
of mystery and suspense.
- 20. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 20
What is the value of ?
Easy, it's known exactly.
It's .
Obviously.
- 22. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 22
Approximating
● What is it's value represented as a floating
point number?
● We can only obtain an approximation.
● A plethora of possible algorithms to choose from, a
popular one is to employ the following integral
equation.
4
=∫0
1 1
1x2
dx
- 23. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 23
One possible algorithm
● Use quadrature to estimate the value of the
integral which is the area under the curve.–
=
4
n
∑i=1
n 1
1
i−0.5
n
2
With n = 3 not much to do,
but potentially lots of error.
Use n = 107
or n = 109
?
Embarrassingly
parallel.
- 24. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 24
Because addition is commutative and
associative, expression can be
decomposed into sums of partial sums.
- 25. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 25
a + b + c + d + e + f
=
( a + b ) + ( c + d ) + ( e + f )
- 32. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 32
Groovy
● Top-level functions
● Object-oriented with
functional features.
● Extension methods.
● Compiles to JVM bytes
codes or JavaScript
(cf. GrooScript)
● A dynamic language
with a run time
meta-object protocol.
- 33. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 33
Groovy
A statically typed,
compiled language.
- 35. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 35
Groovy
● @TypeChecked:
● Traditional dynamic
Groovy but with full
static (compile-time)
type checking.
● @CompileStatic:
● Full static typechecked,
compilation to bytecode
at compile time.
● No dynamic meta-
object protocol.
- 42. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 42
Groovy
(or Scala, Kotlin, Ceylon, Fantom, )…
is the future of static languages
on the JVM.
- 45. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 45
Java 8 is the biggest revolution
in Java since 1994.
Bigger than Java 5.
- 46. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 46
Has Java revived?
Is this a new lease of life?
- 47. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 47
What's Interesting in Java 8?
● G1 garbage collector.
● Nashorn.
● JavaFX.
● Lambda expressions.
● Default methods in
interfaces (traits).
● Enhanced collections.
- 48. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 48
G1 garbage collector is now the
standard: no more PermGen.
- 49. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 49
Nashorn comes as standard:
Server-side JavaScript without Rhino.
- 50. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 50
JavaFX in the distribution:
you will want to use GroovyFX though.
- 51. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 51
Lambda expressions,
default methods in interfaces,
associated collections enhancements.
- 55. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 55
Java is Dead
Long Live Scala, Kotlin, Ceylon,
etc.
Russel Winder
email: russel@winder.org.uk
xmpp: russel@winder.org.uk
twitter: @russel_winder
Web: http://www.russel.org.uk
- 56. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 56
Java is Dead
Long Live Java
Russel Winder
email: russel@winder.org.uk
xmpp: russel@winder.org.uk
twitter: @russel_winder
Web: http://www.russel.org.uk
- 57. Copyright © 2014 Russel Winder 57
Java is Dead
Long Live Groovy
Russel Winder
email: russel@winder.org.uk
xmpp: russel@winder.org.uk
twitter: @russel_winder
Web: http://www.russel.org.uk