ENG366 Week 7 Persuasive Presentation

1. ENG366
Week 7
PERSUASIVE PRESENTATION
DR. RUSSELL RODRIGO

2. Discussion Questions
1. Is age an important factor in relationships?
2. A foreign language cannot be taught. It must be learned.
3. With the emergence of AI, what do you think will be the future of the
humanity?

3. uClasses next term are back to normal. However, some of you here
prefer to study online. Persuade us why should you stay in the online
platform.
uImagine you’re in a job interview. Why should the company hire
you?

4. What does it take to give an effective and persuasive
speech/presentation?

5. What is a persuasive speech?
A persuasive speech is a presentation that aims to change others by prompting
them to think, feel, or act differently.
u change people’s attitudes,
u change the strength towards or against people, policies, or ideas
u change how people act
Persuasive speaking is “interactive.”

6. Three Types of Persuasive Speeches
u Persuasive speeches are given with the intention of convincing
an audience to have the same point of view as the speaker.
u Three types of persuasive speech that are commonly used:
u policy persuasive speech
u value persuasive speech
u factual persuasive speech.
What are examples of any of the types of persuasive speeches above?

7. Three Cornerstones of
Persuasion
Three forms of proof, or reasons people believed (by Aristotle)
1. Ethos – the perceived personal character of the speaker. Showing you
know what you’re talking about, committed, dynamic and shows
enthusiasm
2. Pathos – emotional proofs, or reasons to believe in something
3. Logos – rational or logical proofs (facts & statistics),arguments,
reasoning, and evidence to support claims

8. Watch the video and evaluate its impact on you.
Pathos Appeal
u emotional proofs, or reasons to
believe in something.
u Listeners need to not only
understand your ideas but also
feel something about them.
How?
Ø Personalize the issue
problem, topic
Ø Appeal to listeners’ needs
and values
Ø Bring material alive
Aside from appealing to emotion, what do you think are the other rhetorical appeals for
persuasion?

9. Two Common Persuasive
Structures
► Deductive Reasoning (Syllogisms)
► Argument: premise + premise => conclusion
► Faulty Syllogisms
►Unsound (or untrue) premise
►Invalid conclusion
►These faulty syllogisms are basic LOGICAL FALLACIES.
► Inductive reasoning
► Reasoning based on available evidence / clues
►If reasoning goes wrong: LOGICAL FALLACY

10. Logical fallacies
► A fallacy is an error of reasoning. These are flawed statements that often sound
true.
► Logical fallacies are often used to strengthen an argument, but if the reader
detects them the argument can backfire, and damage the writer’s credibility
► It is important to develop logical fallacy detection skills in your own
writing, as well as in that of others.
Able to spot poor reasoning & know why it is wrong
Able to correct other’s mistakes, or refute them convincingly
Supplements your knowledge on logic
Know when your reasoning in an essay is flawed or questionable
Prevent you from making generalized statements without backing it up with
sound evidence

11. Fallacious Pathos
► Argument by Dismissal:
► Rejecting an idea without providing a reason or explanation for its dismissal.
► For instance, there is a tendency to cry "socialism" when faced with calls for a single-
payer system in the ongoing health care debate. Such a dismissal of the single-payer
system may include the observations, "This is America!," or, "You are free to live
elsewhere if you prefer." While we do live in the United States and people are free to
live wherever they want, neither of these observations actually addresses the
argument, either for or against the single-payer system. The observer relies on the
simple (and fallacious) dismissal of the opposing viewpoint.
► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEPh_KlTyII

12. Fallacious Pathos
► Argument by Emotive Language:
► Using emotional words that are not supported by evidence
and/or are unconnected to the argument being made.
► For example, in abortion debates regarding a woman's right to
choose, the argument sometimes shifts from a discussion of
medical or legal rights to a graphic description of the abortion
process or extreme analogies between abortion and genocide.
Most would agree that genocide should be prevented and that
the destruction of a fetus is a violent procedure, but these
observations distract from the conversation about a woman's
medical and legal rights.

13. Fallacious Pathos
► Appeal to Pity:
► Drawing on irrelevant personal experiences or feelings in order to
produce a sympathetic response.
► For instance, if I were writing about the necessity of universal
health care and I included a personal anecdote about falling ill in
Canada and being unable to receive free health care, that
anecdote would be a fallacious appeal to pity. My personal
experience, though interesting, does not illuminate the issue of
universal health care.

14. Fallacious Pathos
► The Slippery Slope:
► Suggesting that a particular argument or course of action will
lead to disastrous consequences without offering evidence. This
fallacy usually produces an emotional response.
► A common example is the assertion that legalizing gay marriage
will lead to polygamy, bestiality, and/or pedophilia.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWClPzovaq4

15. Emma Watson’s Speech on Feminism
Start at 3:02
Listen to Emma’s speech
and answer the following
questions:
1. Is her speech effective and
persuasive enough?
2. Why? What appeals has she
used?
Ø Has she used facts &
statistics?
Ø Any syllogisms?
Ø Pathos/Emotions?
Ø Ethos/ Credibility?
Ø Delivery/ body language?

17. Emma Watson’s
Speech on Feminism
Emotive words, repetition,
contradiction

18. Persuasive Presentation Outline
I. Begin with an Attention Step that is an
Ø Opening statement of interest (use one or more of the following):
Ø A rhetorical question ,a startling statement, quotation, an illustration or story, a reference to the subject
Ø Thesis: Introduce the topic, opinion about the topic and 3 main points.
III. Body (Arguments & Counter-arguments)
Ø Use the rhetorical appeals (logos, ethos, & pathos)
Ø Prepare at least 3 main points
Ø Each main point should have at least 2 sources.
IV. Conclusion: Conclude with the Action Step
Ø Restatement of main idea and summary of main points.
Ø Statement of specific action or attitude change you want from the audience.
Ø A statement of your personal intent to take the course of action or attitude recommended.
Ø A concluding statement to recapture interest (a reason to remember).
References: Cite at least 6 sources. Due: Week 7 (Thursday, class time)

19. ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PRESENTATION

20. Present Like Steve Jobs

21. Present Like Steve Jobs
• be clear and consistent
• create a headline to get attention
• set a clear direction
• give the audience a reason to listen
Set the theme
• makes it easy for listeners to follow
• use guideposts/signposts
Provide an outline: Open and
close each section with a clear
transition
• wow your audience
• use strong vocabulary
Demonstrate enthusiasm
• make numbers and statistics meaningful
• analogies help connect the dots
Sell and experience

22. Present Like Steve Jobs
• paint a simple picture that doesn’t overwhelm
• fewer points, more visuals
• use video/audio clips, demos, guests, etc.
Make it visual
• identify a memorable moment and build up to it
• excite your audience
Give ‘em a show
• the more you pracitice the better and more effortless your
presentation will appear
Rehearse, Rehearse,
Rehearse
• adding a final point or something extra gives an added bonus
to the audience
One more thing...
Approach your presentation like an event!

23. How to get attention
u Ask a question
Ø You can ask a rhetorical question or something that involves everyone by
getting them to think about the topic.
Ø Make sure the audience is prepared for your question.
Ø If you expect the audience to answer, keep the question simple.
v How many of you in this room were late for work/class today?
v How many of you use English in your daily life?
v Are foreign companies good for our country?

24. How to get attention
u State an impressive fact
u Show a powerful photo or video
Ø Begin with a shocking, unusual, or impressive fact connected to the
theme of your presentation.
Ø A powerful or dramatic image can be used in place of or along with the
fact.
v It may surprise you to know…
v Every day, 10,000 cars use the causeway to and from Singapore.
v One billion cups of coffee are consumed in Malaysia every year.

25. How to get attention
u Tell a story
Ø Telling a personal story closely connected to the theme of your presentation is a
great way to begin. People usually like to hear personal stories, which are not too
long or try to glorify the narrator too much.
v "Dear colleagues, before I begin I would like to tell you a short story about how our
company got its name. Don't worry, it's not too long.”

26. How to get attention
u Cite a quotation
Ø Quotations are much used for presentations and they add a
colorful touch to your personal style.
Ø Though they may be impressive, quotations do not have much
shock-value and could be forgotten quickly, so they should be
used along with other methods of getting audience attention.
v “A short saying often contains much wisdom.” -Sophocles
v “No culture can live, if it attempts to be exclusive.” -Mahatma
Gandhi

27. How to get attention
u Tell a joke
Ø Jokes are wonderful for relaxing the audience and setting a cheerful mood.
Relaxed audiences tend to be more interactive. This might make the
presenter’s work somewhat easier.
Ø The joke must be appropriate. People have very different senses of humor
and you have to be very careful with jokes. Think about your audience and
decide if using a joke is the best idea.

28. Don't marry the person you think you can live with; marry only
the individual you think you can't live without. -James C. Dobson

29. •Parents have an obligation to
educate their children about the
realties and challenges of marriage,
and should allow them the freedom
to decide for themselves if marriage
is suitable for their future.
Thesis

30. Can you imagine living without a
toilet?
According to the World Toilet Organization
(2011), an estimated 2.5 billion (35%) people live
without access to a clean toilet.

31. •People living in developed countries
need to accept greater responsibility for
improving the lives of those living in
countries which are still poor and
developing.
Thesis

33. •Parents and educators must
recognize that an overemphasis
on exams causes unnecessary
stress on students and can
seriously damage their physical
and mental health.
Thesis

34. Getting Attention: Practice
Brainstorm ways of getting attention for the topics below.
Ø Online games are causing young people to become more violent.
Ø Higher taxes on soft drinks and fast food should be imposed to encourage
healthy eating.
Ø Stay at home moms VS Working moms
Ø Gym industry has become popular due to people’s vanity

35. Signposting
u Your talk should be clearly structured, and the language you use should signpost
the structure. Make clear to the audience where you are in the presentation:
•The topic I would like to address today is…
introduction
•The first point I would like to make is…
main points
•Now that I’ve explained… I will tell you more about…
transitions
•In summary…, To sum up…, Allow me to summarize…
summary
•In conclusion…, I would like to conclude by saying…
conclusion

36. Signposting
•first, next, then, following this, finally…
Sequence
•in addition, moreover, furthermore, also…
Addition
•on the other hand, in contrast, but, yet,
however, despite, although, even though…
Contradiction
•consequently, as a result, in order to, so that…
Cause and Effect
•For example, For instance, One such case is…
Examples

37. Concluding a presentation
The conclusion is just as important as your introduction, as it provides
a summary for the content of your presentation.
• Signal that you are coming to the end
• Summarize the main points
• Give recommendations or speculations
• Make a strong final statement
• Handle questions effectively
• Thank the audience for listening

38. Lesson Review
P Elements of effective presentations.
P Methods of stimulating interest in your topic and getting the
audience’s attention.
P How to effectively use signposting.

40. Persuasive Speech Outline
I. Begin with an Attention Step that is an
Ø Opening statement of interest (use one or more of the following):
Ø A rhetorical question ,a startling statement, quotation, an illustration or story, a reference to the subject
Ø Thesis: Introduce the topic, opinion about the topic and 3 main points.
III. Body (Arguments & Counter-arguments)
Ø Use the rhetorical appeals (logos, ethos, & pathos)
Ø Prepare at least 3 main points
Ø Each main point should have at least 2 sources.
IV. Conclusion: Conclude with the Action Step
Ø Restatement of main idea and summary of main points.
Ø Statement of specific action or attitude change you want from the audience.
Ø A statement of your personal intent to take the course of action or attitude recommended.
Ø A concluding statement to recapture interest (a reason to remember).
References: Cite at least 6 sources. Due: Week 7 (Thursday, 11:59 p.m.)

41. Zoom Project (10% of your Grade)
1. This task gives you the opportunity to try out video conferencing in small groups. You are going to work in small groups of 3 participants
for this task. Each group has a group leader. The group leader's name is in bold. To carry out this task, it's best to use ZOOM platform.
2. Select ONE of the debatable topics below:
1. Is television an effective tool in building the minds of children?
2. Is it effective to censor parts of the media?
3. Is peer pressure harmful or beneficial to individuals?
4. Who is more complicated gender: men or women?
3. Running your video conferencing session
Once in the video conferencing room, the group leader starts as moderator. Please record the session, but do not start the
recording until you are all in and organised ready to start your VC session. Your VC session should be at least 30 minutes long.
4. Try out some of the following tools in your video conferencing platform (if they are available):
- screenshare a few PowerPoint slides
- draw on the whiteboard
- use screen sharing (Advanced)
5. After your video conferencing session
The leader or any member must post the video or link of the video on Blackboard Week 8 (Sunday, 11:59 p.m.).
6. Each of your should comment to at least 2 other posts to get extra marks for your group.