- The document discusses international university rankings and their impact on higher education institutions (HEIs). It notes that many HEIs feel pressure to improve their rankings and are adapting their policies and strategies as a result. - It also discusses some of the limitations and criticisms of international rankings, such as their research bias, and the need for alternative ranking systems that consider other factors like learning outcomes. - Several European organizations are working on developing alternative ranking systems for universities that aim to provide a more valid and fair comparison across institutions.

1. SATN Annual Conference 2009 “ Classification and ranking in Europe” By ing.J.A.Hoving

12. HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht Second largest University of Applied Sciences right at the centre of The Netherlands