Logical Framework - Theory and Practice by Romeo Dretcanu at SECEP's workshop in Belgrdae on April 13, 2011

2. Logical framework
- theory and practice
Romeo Dretcanu

3. Content
Main issues
1. Goal-purpose-results-activities
2. Indicators
3. Assumptions

4. Caveat!!!
Common confusion:
Overall objective = Goal = Impact
Specific objective = Project purpose = Outcome
Result = Outputs
Activities = Interventions = Inputs

5. Definitions
Goal:
The overall development program or strategic goal.
Purpose of the project:
Statement of the project’s outcome - its immediate
impact.
Outputs:
Specific quantifiable results from managed activities –
the deliverables.
Activities:
Components and activities of the project under
management’s control.

6. Content
Project Goal (General Objective)
DO
- Be part of programme goal or objectives
- “will contribute”, “will take part to”
DON’T
- Ramble, poetry, novels, digress
- Confound with purpose/results/activities

7. The overall objective of the project is
creation of the favourable business
environment and development of the
region by strengthening capacities to
support the balanced regional
development – general business
environment on the North of Serbia for
the last couple decades cannot be
described as favourable.

8. Exercise:
Practice makes perfect!
Project Goal

9. Content
Project Purpose (Specific Objective)
DO
- Make it (as possible)
-S pecific
-A chievable
-R ealistic
-L ogical
- min. 1- max. 3
DON’T
- Ramble, poetry, novels
- Confound with goal/results/activities

10. The specific objective of the project
would be to upgrade operation of regional and
municipal structutes for the creation of new
jobs through the support to the development
of new ways of operations and awareness
raising on the need and significance of cluster
pooling – support to creating conditions for
reduction of unemployment as the biggest
problem of the North Serbia and introduction
of new systems of work for that purpose
represent the key intentions of each local
institution and regional organization.

11. Exercise:
Practice makes perfect!
Project S.O.

12. Project results
DO
- Concrete achievements
- realistic & achievable
- numbers
DON’T
- Ramble, poetry, novels, blah-blah
- Confound with purpose/activities/indicators

13. 1. Significant improvements in product quality,
development of higher value-added
products and improved marketing in the
beneficiary companies creating the
potential to better withstand situations that
might result in fall in demand for products,
laying off of employees, and growth of
businesses bringing attendant employment
increases
2. The action is also expected to lead to
considerable advances in RDA, Regional
Chamber and partner capacity to interface
with, and understand the real world actions
and processes of operating, agri-food
businesses in the X and Y Districts

14. Exercise:
Practice makes perfect!
Project
Results

15. Content
Project activities
DO
- express what you will do
- step by step
- observe eligibility
- numbered & scheduled & sustainable
- logic stream: act=>res=>purp=>goal
DON’T
- Ramble, poetry, novels,
- Confound with purpose/results/means

16. Content
Project activities
DON’T
-include preparation activities
-include Target Group identification activities
-include needs identification activities

17. Exercise:
Practice makes perfect!
Pr. Activities

18. Now check the column logic!
If activities are undertaken,
will the results be achieved?
If results are achieved will the
project purpose be fulfilled?
If the project purpose is
achieved will this contribute
to the project goal?

19. Content
Indicators
DO
-S pecific
-M easurable
-A vailable
-R elevant
-T ime - bound
- Objectively Verifiable
- Foresee sources = where?
DON’T
- forget numbers
- forget sources availability
- Confound with purpose/results/activities

20. How to define OVIs?
• Specific for each result, purpose and overall
objectives
• Define, on the basis of the indicators, “targets”
(precise aims of the results and the purpose)
Quantity How much?
Quality What?
Target Group Who?
Time / Period Starting when and for how long?
Place Where?

21. Indicators
• Specific to the objective it is supposed to measure
• Measurable (either quantitatively or qualitatively?)
• Available at an acceptable cost
• Relevant to the information needs of managers
• Time-bound – so we know when we can expect the
objective/target to be achieved
• Objectively Verifiable = no matter the observer

22. Indicators
• Unique per results/activity
• No contradictory

23. Indicators: An Example
Objective: ............................increased
Select the indicator:...........SMEs, persons, sqm, hrs, %, etc.
Define the targets:
• Define the quantity:.......................increased from X to Y%
• Define the quality:................as per EU standard 23bFT
• Define the target group:.......50 unemployed, 25 SMEs, etc.
• Define the place:.............provincial capital, 4 villages, etc.
• Determine the time:...................by 2012

24. 1. Assessment surveys of participant entreprises
conducted by the PMU identifying potential
beneficiaries of the assistance to be delivered
under the project
Targeted companies and engaged European
Foundation for Quality Management and food
specialist expertise developed, good quality
food products developed and a growth-oriented
business development roadmap under
implementation
2. In-house performance reviews and staff self-
assessments, assessments of recipient
enterprises

25. Exercise:
Practice makes perfect!
GO OVI
SO OVI
Results OVI

26. Assumptions
DO
Assumptions - factors outside project management’s
control that may impact on activities – results -
objectives
Three kind of factors:
1. Natural phenomena
2. Political- administrative
3. Macro-economical
Do not confound with risks or PM activities.

27. Assumptions
DON’T
• Adequate lecturers, trained lecturers and good training
program
• Existence of sufficient interest of Target groups to
participate in the project
• Wrong approach to target group is chosen,
• Wrong awareness campaign
• Secure support from stakeholders

28. Final verification of Project logic
stream
Shortcut

29. Conclusions:
•Keep it simple
•Keep it accurate
•Keep it feasible
•Keep it looking good

30. Hvala vam lepo!
Uspeh!
Q&A: dretcanu@yahoo.com