Presentation by Lazare Nzeyimana, PhD Candidate Linköping University/SWECO. Held at the young researchers meeting on multifunctional landscapes, Gothenburg June 7-8, 2016.
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Success factors and Challenges to enhancing rural community resilience to drought
1. Success factors and Challenges to enhancing
rural community resilience to drought
Case study in Bugesera, Rwanda
Young Researchers Meeting, June 2016 in Gothenburg
Lazare Nzeyimana, PhD Candidate
Linköping University
SWECO Environment AB, Stockholm
2. I. Background
By 2025, 1,8 billion will be living in regions with absolute water scarcity
and 2/3 of the population in regions under water stress (FAO, 2007;
Verma et al., 2004)
On a global scale, agriculture is the most important water user which
calls for new water management approaches (Sullivan, 2002)
In Sub-Saharan Africa, rain-fed agriculture is the main livelihood
source (FAO/NEPAD, 2002; Diao et al., 2007)
Community-based soil and water conservation skills are being
promoted to increase drought resilience (Foti et al, 2008)
3. Drought is of global concern for society but it
originates as a local problem
East-Africa Australia
Early Warning Systems
Water Conservation Technologies
4. Understanding Drought Resilience
But if we have Early Warnings and Water
Conservations systems–
How can that information and knowledge be
used on local, regional and national level?
What is missing to engage rural communities
to become drought resilient?
5. Limited numbers of published scientific papers addressing the
challenge to enhancing rural community resilience to drought
Most studies analyse the potential of water conservation initiatives
and argue on their added-value in society
II. Current research and knowledge gaps
Resilience
6. Gaps to be analyzed
Empowerment (knowledge)
Social networks
Markets
Powers and influence
Gender
Land tenure
Horizontal and vertical communications
Information sharing
7. Facts on Bugesera district
- Area:1337 km2
- Population: 363 339
- Temp: 20-30oC
- Prec: 600-800 mm/yr
Bugesera region, Rwanda (Google Maps)
II. Study area - Bugesera (Rwanda)
o High frequency of
rainfall deficit and late
rainfall onsets,
o early rainfall cessations
o a significant number of
dry spells and
o is prone to drought
Rwanda Disaster Risk Atlas (2014)
9. III. Research goals
Assess success and limiting factors to
water conservation systems
Map the vulnerability to drought in
Bugesera and capitalize the farmers
adaptive strategies
Identify loopholes in Rwanda Climate
policies
Discuss future scenarios
Identify challenges and opportunities
for successful water conservation
system and resilience
10. IV. Methods
Literature review (globally and Sub-Saharan Africa)
Semi-structured interviews, field observation,
participatory vulnerability mapping
Policy analysis, Focus Groups and Review key
documents
Field observations, workshops, participatory scenario,
GIS, modelling backcasting (future visioning)
Developing a conceptual framework integrating up-
taking and community resilience
Good morning ladies and gentlement. Warm welcome to my 30% seminar. My name is Lazare Nzeyimana and I will briefly present my thesis proposal entitled: Challenges to enhancing rural community resilience to drought with Bugesera in Rwanda as case study.
Challenges that governments and affected people are encountering
HypothesisWe hypothesize that a participatory scenario-based approach in planning water conservation facilities could enhance local communities’ adaptive capacity to drought
According to the Rwanda Disaster Risk Atlas (2014), the district of Bugesera, in the Eastern Province of Rwanda is characterized by. For decades, the rural communities in Bugesera have been hit by recurrent droughts
Water conservation (RWH) and discussions with a Farmer Field school
Assess the success and limiting factors to water conservation approaches
Assess vertical and horizontal adaptation processes and tools between national – regional – local levels and frame their implementation at all levels What would be needed from other levels? Information? Guidelines? Economic resources?
Identify loopholes in the National Adaptation Programs of Action for Rwanda. (What is missing?)
Develop and rank future scenarios as an adaptive strategy to drought for a period of 15 years (2015-2030)
Identify challenges and opportunities for sustainable WC systems and build-up local adaptation knowledge on water management and resilience (What type of knowledge on the local level would help and why? Governance? What role does the regional level have?) Hypothesis of what farmers could learn from each other?
Paper 1: Success and failure factors of Rainwater Harvesting in East Africa- Lessons learned potential challenges
A literature review of successful and failed cases of water conservation will be highlighted and analyzed