APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING IN ALL POSSIBLE AREAS ARE MENTIONED AND ALSO STEPS AND METHODS USED FOR PROCESSING OF DIGITAL IMAGES

1. APPLICATIONS of
Digital Image Processing
Introduction
Presented by:
SIRIL SAM ABRAHAM (UR15EC070)
ECE DEPARTMENT
KARUNYA UNIVERSITY

2. What is a Digital Image?
 A digital image is a numeric representation (normally binary) of a
two-dimensional image, called picture elements or pixels

3. PIXEL
 It is the smallest
controllable element of an
image.
 More pixels then more
clearer the image
 Pixels have different
intensity values

4.  Common image Color-type include:
1 sample per point (B&W or Grayscale)
3 samples per point (Red, Green, and Blue)
For most of this presentation we will focus on
greyscale images.

5. Introduction
Digital Image Processing is
Processing images which are digital in nature.

6. Introduction
 Why do we need Image Processing?
 It is motivated by 2 major applications:
(i) Improvement of pictorial information for human
perception.
(ii) Image processing for autonomous machine
application.
(iii) Efficient storage & transmission.

7. The continuum from image processing to computer vision can be
broken up into low-, mid- and high-level processes
Low Level Process
Input: Image
Output: Image
Examples: Noise
removal, image
sharpening
Mid Level Process
Input: Image
Output: Attributes
Examples: Object
recognition,
segmentation
High Level Process
Input: Attributes
Output: Understanding
Examples: Scene
understanding,
autonomous navigation

8. Introduction
Improvement of pictorial information for human
interpretation and analysis.
Typical applications:
 Noise filtering
 Content Enhancement
 Contrast enhancement
 Deblurring
 Remote sensing

9. Filtering

10. Image Enhancement

11. Image Deblurring

12. Electro-Magnetic Spectrum

13. IR Imaging (Performance)
Thermal / IR view of a Chip

14. IR Imaging (Natural
Calamity)
Fig. IR satellite view of
Augustine volcano

15. IR Imaging (Night Vision)
Fig. IR image of a sloth at night

16. IR Imaging (Night Vision)
Night vision system used by soldiers

17. IR Imaging (Weather)
Fig. IR Satellite Imagery

18. IR Imaging (Astronomy)
Fig. Nebula NGC 1514 01 in Visible (left) and Infrared (right)

19. Ultrasound imaging
(Medical)
Fig. Foetus & Thyroid using ultrasound

20. UV imaging (Ozone)
Fig. Detect ozone layer damage

21. UV imaging (Sun spots)
Fig. Identify sun spots

22. Examples: Image
Enhancement
One of the most common uses of DIP techniques: improve quality,
remove noise etc

23. Examples: Industrial
Inspection:
Human operators are expensive, slow
and
unreliable
Make machines do the
job instead
Industrial vision systems
are used in all kinds of industries
Can we trust them?

24. Examples: Law Enforcement
Image processing techniques are
used extensively by law enforcers
 Number plate recognition for speed
cameras/automated toll systems
 Fingerprint recognition
 Enhancement of CCTV images

25. Examples: PCB Inspection
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inspection
 Machine inspection is used to determine that all
components are present and that all solder joints are
acceptable
 Both conventional imaging and x-ray imaging are used

26. Examples: Artistic Effects
Artistic effects are used to
make images more visually
appealing, to add special effects
and to make composite images

27. Examples: The Hubble
Telescope
Launched in 1990 the Hubble
telescope can take images of
very distant objects
However, an incorrect mirror
made many of Hubble’s
images useless
Image processing
techniques were
used to fix this

28. Examples: HCI
Try to make human computer interfaces
more natural
 Face recognition
 Gesture recognition
Does anyone remember the
user interface from “Minority Report”?
These tasks can be extremely difficult

29. X-Ray imaging (Medical)
Fig. X ray of neck

30. X-Ray imaging (Medical)
Fig. X ray of head

31. X-Ray imaging (Circuits)
Fig. X ray of a Glucose meter circuit

32. Gamma-Ray imaging:
Fig. Gamma ray exposed images

33. Gamma-Ray imaging
(Astronomy)
Fig. Gamma ray bursts in space

34. Remote Sensing
Fig. Satellite images of Mumbai suburban(Left) and Gateway of India (Right)

35. Remote Sensing
Satellite images of Taj Mahal

36. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

37. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Image Aquisition
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

38. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Image Enhancement
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

39. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Image Restoration
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

40. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Morphological Processing
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

41. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Segmentation
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

42. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Object Recognition
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

43. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Representation & Description
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

44. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Image Compression
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

45. Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing:
Colour Image Processing
Image
Acquisition
Image
Restoration
Morphological
Processing
Segmentation
Representation
& Description
Image
Enhancement
Object
Recognition
Problem Domain
Colour Image
Processing
Image
Compression

46. THANK YOU