Automatic car parking system with and without password report
1. Automatic Car Parking System With And Without
Password
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
Patel Sohil K. 110683111019
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
INTERNAL GUIDE:- BHAVIK H PRAJAPATI
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
Gujarat TechnologicalUniversity, Ahmedabad
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER: 1 Abstract
CHAPTER: 2 Aim and Objective
CHAPTER: 3 Motivations
CHAPTER: 4 Background of project
CHAPTER: 5 Project descriptions
CHAPTER: 6 Implementation & Methodology of work
CHAPTER: 7 Experimental results & Description
CHAPTER: 8 Conclusions
CHAPTER: 9 Futureworks
CHAPTER: 10 References
3. CHAPTER: 1
Abstract
The Project Automatic Car Parking System using 89S52 Microcontroller is an interesting
project which uses 89S52 microcontroller as its brain. The project is designed for car parking.
The aim of this project is to atomize the car park for allowing the cars into the park. LCD is
provided to display the information about the total number of cars that can be parked and the
place free for parking. Two IR TX – RX pairs are used in this project to identify the entry or
exit of the cars into/out of park. These two IR TX – RX pairs are arranged either side of the
gate. The TX and RX are arranged face to face across the road so that the RX should get IR
signal continuously.
Whenever the mains are switched on, the LCD displays the message “parking space for 10
vehicles”. The number indicates the maximum capacity of park in this project. Whenever a
car comes in front of the gate, the IR signal gets disturbed and the microcontroller will open
the gate by rotating the stepper motor. The gate will be closed only after the car leaves the
second IR pair since the microcontroller should know whether the car left the gate or not.
Now the microcontroller decrements the value of the count and displays it on LCD. In this
way, the microcontroller decrements the count whenever the car leaves the park and displays
it on LCD.
If the count reaches ‘0’, i.e. if the park is completely filled, the microcontroller will display
“NO SPACE FOR PARKING” on LCD. And now if any vehicle tries to enter the park, the
gate will not be opened since there is no space. If any vehicle leaves the park, the controller
will increment the count and allows the other vehicles for parking.
This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. Unregulated 12V DC is used for relay.
7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave
rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.
4. CHAPTER: 2
Aim and Objective
The aim of this project is to atomize the car park for allowing the cars into the park. The car
is park to automatically through lift and sensor. Some special parking area which are allow to
specific person which have code of the parking slot. The main object of the present invention
is to provide a unit in which cars are stored into and retrieved from addressed slots
automatically I simple, practical, safe, speedy, reliable, user-friendly and cost-effective
manner.
It is another object of the present invention to deploy more number of relatively less
expensive transfer modules for simultaneous operations on all parking floors for the optimum
utilization of the highly expensive elevator and thereby ensure quick parking and retrieval. It
is another object of the present invention to provide a unit for storage and handling of the
over-dimensional platform carriers automatically in safe, efficient, reliable, fast and cost
effective manner to answer the present demands of Tit-and-forget'' trend. It is another object
of the present invention to open more entry/exit points to allow simultaneous placement of
cars for parking/delivery without waiting.
5. CHAPTER: 3
Motivations
There is a LCD placed in the project for displaying various messages. First time the LCD
screen will display a “Welcome” message. When a vehicle reaches at the entrance area, after
initialization it rests at the entrance gate where its weight is detected by the switch and waits
for a user input from the user. At this point the user has two options either to park the vehicle
into the given location or access his/her vehicle from the building. Every time when a user
parks his/her vehicle he/she is assigned a password for that location. In order to access a
vehicle from the building the user has input the password through the push buttons. If the
given input is not valid he/she cannot access his/her vehicle. In that case he/she has to deal
with administrator, so he/she can access his vehicle. The password assigned to the particular
user is displayed on the screen of LCD for two seconds and is four digits long. It may vary
according to change in programming. This project is based on the dynamic mechanism of the
floors.
There is no elevator used here to select the particular location. But those floors either can
rotate to select the particular location and they can be elevated up and down to select the floor
number. This operation is controlled by the microcontroller. There are two floors in our
model and in each floor there is space for the four vehicles, so there are total eight spaces for
the vehicles. In order to park a vehicle, first we have entrance. There is only one entrance in
our project. When a vehicle comes near the entrance door, the micro switch is pressed which
is fitted in the ground. If the parking area is full and no space is available in the building for
parking a vehicle then the LCD will generate a message “NO SPACE FOR PARKING”
6. CHAPTER: 4
Background of project
Public and private agencies need to become aware of performance, reliability, operation
and maintenance cost considerations and patron acceptance. The automated parking
industry has formed a trade group known as the Automated/Mechanical Parking
Association to promote the benefits of these new systems. The subject of automated
parking has not been widely recognized in this country for many years, even within
parking and development industries. But the new systems are technologically and
operationally far superior to the units built in previous decades. Owners, builders, agencies
and patrons can be assured of cost-effective, reliable, safe and efficient services at
competitive rates. A significant response to the benefits of these new systems is already
forming, and use will accelerate rapidly as national awareness of the compelling reasons
for the use of automated/mechanical parking systems gains momentum.
We need to explore and expand the increased construction of automated parking facilities.
The advantages of this technology are just too significant to permit further delay in their
development and construction.
In the era of technology it is seen that population has increased to an uncontrollable extent.
To compensate the problem so many mega projects are working. These projects are not
secure so, to benefit man kind it was thought to make some effective design to compensate
parking hazards and multistory rotational parking resolved the issue. Current Multistory
parking systems are based on linear mechanism and it is found that Rotational parking
system a best alternate to ease the user and save the space. One other feature which made
this project different is the Password locking system embedded in it. Each driver has its
own unique password which increased the security as well. In case the password is
forgotten by the user there is an Admin password which is accessed after some technical
issues.
7. A multi-level, automatic car parking unit comprising: a storage structure having one or more
tiers with one or more common entry and exit points; at least one permanently fixed input-cum-
output elevator; a plurality of addressed slots in a plurality of parking platforms; a plurality of
platform carriers and a centrally operated system controller for automatic parking of a car in an
addressed vacant slot and retrieval of a car from a slot independently and without hindrance to
any of the parked cars; two elevators with space between them for storage of platform carriers, a
transfer module having an independent drive with reversible option moving on a permanently
fixed first track; a power arm of each transfer module; a power arm in each elevator; slat
conveyors, two at basement and two at ground level, with reversible option drive and having
fixed walkways with space between the adjacent walkways to receive platform carriers and a
handling systems comprising mono-rail, hoisting equipment and lifting tackle to load the
platform carriers on to the slat conveyors when required and to stack pile the platform carriers
when not in use.
8. CHAPTER: 5
Project descriptions
The automatic car parking system block diagram is shown in fig in this system here we use the
AT89s52 processor IC which provides interfacing between hex keypad, LCD display and serial
to parallel converter with parking slot.
Here when we put our car in to the lift structure then we pressed parking slot number when we
have to park our car if that parking place is free that car is automatically parked on to that place
but if there is no space at that slot Lcd display displays the message “no space for parking” so at
that time we have to enter another parking slot number.
In this parking system we have total 8 parking slot for parking. We have three parking slot at
ground floor, three parking slot at the first parking floor without password. Here we have at the
second floor two parking slot is given with password facilities. In the password protected parking
slot we must entered password of that parking slot otherwise we cannot park car at that place. If
that password protected parking slot is free but we can’t have password of it then we cannot park
our car at there place.
To unpark the car from this system we just entered parking slot number where we park our car
we deliver our car at the ground floor. If we parked our car at the password protected slot then
we must have entered that particular password of their parking slot. If we must entered correct
code otherwise we can’t get back that car.
9. Features:
- Fully automatic car park
- No more space are required
- Less costly
- Easy to work and understand, less maintenance cost
- No robbery, safety of car
TECHNOLOGY:
Every systemis automated in order to face new challenges in the present
daysituation.Automated systems haveless manual operations, so that the
flexibility, reliabilities are high and accurate. Hence every field prefers automated
control systems. Especially in the field of electronics automated systems aredoing
better performance.
10. Application
- Used for parking system in any place
- shopping mall
- commercial offices
- Visitor place
- Air port
- Railway station
- Bus station
- etc
Advantages
- Cost effectively
- Save costly land area
- Save on maintenance
- Shorter construction period
- No need for search car
- No wastage of time
- No noise pollution
- No danger of Robbery to the driver
11. CHAPTER: 6
Implementation & Methodology of work
(1) Hardware Implementation:
The construction of the different hardware modules was done concurrently. Once the lifter was
completed, it was integrated onto the base unit, and the extending arm component was then
attached onto the lifter. The LCD display and barrier unit are both independent of the lift and
each other, and so were constructed separately.
A multi-level car parking is essentially a building with number of floors or layers for the cars to
be parked. The different levels are accessed through interior or exterior ramps. An automated car
parking has mechanized lifts which transport the car to the different levels. Therefore, these car
parks need less building volume and less ground space and thus save on the cost of the building.
It also does away the need for employing too many personal to monitor the place. In an
automated multi-level car parking, the cars are left at the entrance and are further transported
inside the building by robot trolley. Similarly, they are retrieved by the trolley and placed at the
exit for the owner to drive away.
It is simple to operate with the driver parking and leaving the vehicle in the system at the
ground level. Once the driver leaves the incorporated safety zone the vehicle is
automatically parked by the system rotating to lift the parked car away from the bottom
central position. This leaves an empty parking space available at the ground level for the
next car to be parked on.
12. (2) Software Implementation:
1. Keil u-Vision:
Keil Software is used provide you with software development tools for 8051 based
microcontrollers. With the Keil tools, you can generate embedded applications for virtually every
8051 derivative. The supported microcontrollers are listed in the µ-vision
2. Embedded C:
Use of microprocessor-specific assembly-only as the programming language reduced and
embedded systems moved onto C as the embedded programming language of choice. C is the
most widely used programming language for embedded processors/controllers. Assembly is also
used but mainly to implement those portions of the code where very high timing accuracy, code
size efficiency, etc. are prime requirements.
13. Component List And Brief Introduction About Components
- Processor AT89S52
- Hex keypad
- 16*2 LCD Display
- Parallel to Serial converter 74LS166
- Stepper motor
- Relay
- Transformer
- Photo diode
- LED
- Diode
- Resistor
- Transistor
- Switches
14. A. IC AT89s52:-
Peripheral driver IC is interfaced with the Microcontroller IC to get the output. Through this IC
we connected relays, and these relays control the motors. The NPN transistors connected in
Darlington pair fashion are ideal for interfacing between low logic level digital circuitry
(ATMEL 89s52) and high current/voltage devices like lamps, relays and other applications in
industrial and consumer fields. The ULN2003 IC is a high voltage and high current interfacing
IC.
15. B. RegulatorIC LM7905:-
LM 7905 is a regulator IC and provides the necessary five volts to the microcontroller IC. The
project has input supply of 12 volts DC and 7905 performs voltage conversion. An integrated
circuit voltage regulator is connected to the output of a filtered rectifier and maintains a constant
output voltage or current despite changes in the input, the load current, or the temperature. The
most popular IC regulator has three terminals, an input terminal, an output terminal, and a
reference terminal.
16. C. Crystal Oscillator:-
The oscillator is a circuit that produces an output waveform without any external signal source.
The only input to an oscillator is the dc power supply. As such, the oscillator can be viewed as a
signal generator. There are many types of the oscillators. Crystal oscillator is the one of the most
widely used oscillator in microcontroller and microprocessor based projects. It is called the
crystal oscillator because it generates extremely stable output wave forms. The most
communication applications require the use of oscillators that have extremely stable output
signals. Crystal oscillators are oscillators where the primary frequency determining element is a
quartz crystal.
17. D. Liquid Crystal display:
The LCD display used in this project is a 16x2. It shows the messages generated by the
microcontroller. It shows passwords, welcome message and other necessary messages. An LCD
is a small low cost display. It is easy to interface with a micro-controller because of an embedded
controller. Many micro-controllers have libraries that make displaying messages as easy as a
single line of code. The liquid crystal display is a different form the other display devices such as
7-segment display, vacuum florescent display, etc. While other displays generate light, the LCD
controls light. As a result, the appearance of the LCD is also a quite different from that of other
displays. LCD characters are usually dark against a light background.
18. E. Hex Keypad:
The hex keypad is a peripheral that connects to the DE2 through JP1 or JP2 via a 40-pin ribbon
cable. It has 16 buttons in a 4 by 4 grid, labeled with the hexadecimal digits 0 to F. An example
of this can been seen in Figure. Internally, the structure of the hex keypad is very simple. Wires
run in vertical columns (we call them C0 to C3) and in horizontal rows (called R0 to R3). These
8 wires are available externally, and will be connected to the lower 8 bits of the port. Each key
on the keypad is essentially a switch that connects a row wire to a column wire. When a key is
pressed, it makes an electrical connection between the row and column.
19. F. Parallelto serialconverter:
The SN54L/74LS166 is an 8-Bit Shift Register. Designed with all inputs buffered, the drive
requirements are lowered to one 54/74LS standard load. By utilizing input clamping diodes,
switching transients are minimized and system design simplified. The LS166 is a parallel-in or
serial-in, serial-out shift register and has a complexity of 77 equivalent gates with gated clock
inputs and an overriding clear input. The shift/load input establishes the parallel-in or serial-in
mode. When high, this input enables the serial data input and couples the eight flip-flops for
serial shifting with each clock pulse. Synchronous loading occurs on the next clock pulse when
this is low and the parallel data inputs are enabled. Serial data flow is inhibited during parallel
loading. Clocking is done on the low-to-high level edge of the clock pulse via a two input
positive NOR gate, which permits one input to be used as a clock enable or clock inhibit
function. Clocking is inhibited when either of the clock inputs are held high, holding either input
low enables the other clock input. This will allow the system clock to be free running and the
register stopped on command with the other clock input. A change from low-to-high on the clock
inhibit input should only be done when the clock input is high. A buffered direct clear input
overrides all other inputs, including the clock, and sets all flip-flops to zero.
• Synchronous Load
• Direct Overriding Clear
• Parallel to Serial Conversion
