Definitions of Intelligence, Types of A.I.

1. Presented By
MR. SURAJ KUMAR
Master of Computer Application (MCA)
Mob- 7677308200
Email- suraj0616@gmail.com
LECTURE-1

2. Definitions of A.I.
A.I. is the study of making computers smarts.
A.I. is the study of making computer models of
human intelligence.
A.I. is the study of concerned with building
machines that simulate human behavior.

3. Definition of Artificial Intelligence by Elaine Rich
Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the study of how to
make computers do things, at which, at the moment,
people are better.

4. Implicit in the Rich’s definition is the idea that there
are mental tasks that computers can do better than
human beings and vice-versa, there are tasks which
at the moment human beings can do better than
computer. It is well knows as computers are
better than human beings in the matter of-
Numerical computation
Information Storage
Repetitive Tasks

5. On the other hand, at the moment, human beings are
much better than machine in the matter of
Understanding including the capability of explaining
Predicting the behavior and structure of a system
In the matter of common-sense reasoning
In drawing conclusion when available information is
either incomplete, inconsistent or even both
In visual understanding and speech understanding
which requires simultaneous availability of large
amount of information

6. Definition of Artificial Intelligence by Buchanin &
Shortliffe-
Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the study of computer
science that deals with symbolic rather than numeric
processing and non-algorithmic methods including
the rules of thumb or heuristics instead of algorithms
as techniques for solving problems.

7. Difference Between Numeric & Symbolic Processing
Numeric Processing- Numeric processing involves only a
small number of well-defined relations and operations
having universally accepted meaning, and hence, these
relations and operations can be incorporated as a part of
computer system.
Symbolic Processing- The relations and operations
required to solve a problem depend upon the problem under
consideration, and hence, have to be defined explicitly along-
with or as a part of programs constituting the solutions of
the problems.

8. Another Definition of A.I. by Elaine Rich
Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the study of techniques
for solving exponentially hard problems in
polynomial time exploiting knowledge about the
problem domain.

9. Definition of A.I. by Barr & Feigenbaum
Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the part of computer
science concerned with designing intelligent
computer systems, i.e., systems that exhibit the
characteristics we associate with intelligence in
human behavior.

10. Definition of A.I. by Shalkoff
Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the field of study that
seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in
terms of computational processes.

11. Definition of A.I.
Artificial Intelligence can be defined as a collection different
technologies that can be brought together to allow machines
to act the with what appears to be human-like levels of
intelligence. This includes learning rules required to make
certain decisions and reasoning to arrive at certain
conclusions, learning from part experience and self-
correction.

12. Types of A.I.
1. Strong A.I.
2. Week A.I.
Strong AI- Strong AI systems would be able to find a
solution without human intervention when presented
with an unfamiliar task. Currently, this does not exists.
Week AI- Simple, week or narrow AI are designed and
trained for specific tasks. This could include virtual
personal assistants, such as Apple’s Siri.