About Frances Brazier Frances Brazier is a full professor in Engineering Systems Foundations at the Delft University of Technology, as of September 2009, before which she chaired the Intelligent Interactive Distributed Systems Group for 10 years within the Department of Computer Science at the VU University Amsterdam. She holds a MSc in Mathematics and a doctorate in Cognitive Ergonomics from the VU Amsterdam. Parallel to her academic career she co-founded the first ISP in the Netherlands: NLnet and later NLnet Labs. She is currently a board member of the NLnetLabs Foundation.

1. Planet earth needs our attention

2. with its many systems of systemswith its many systems of systems

3. Governmental systemsGovernmental systems

4. Social systems

5. Biological systemsBiological systems

6. Infrastructural systemsInfrastructural systems

7. Networked systems

8. with potential .....

9. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

10. goal 11: making cities
inclusive, safe, resilient, sustainable

11. in today’s networked society that means
role for participation
role for ICT

12. participatory systems
Social: social, economical, political and cultural
dynamics
Distributed ICT: technologies that enable large
scale distributed self-­organizing processes,
information exchange, aggregation and clustering.
Infrastructure: physical components/networks
of a system.
Social
Distributed ICT
Physical Infrastructure

13. For example smart energy systems
....... social-­technical systems
that rely strongly on communication

14. Whereas in traditional energy
markets
Energy flows in one direction -­
from a few large producers to
many small consumers (and
industries).

15. The situation is changing
Distributed (green) generation wind
turbines, solar panels, etc.
Consumers are becoming
producers.

16. Role power companies is
changing;;
Ability for consumers to sell
power to each other.

17. Each entity is autonomous and
can be represented by a software
agent;;
Agents can operate semi-­
autonomously to negotiate
agreements to buy and sell
energy.

18. More agents,
more communication.

19. A large scale distributed system

20. together with many other large
scale distributed systems

21. Each with their own autonomy

22. systems can negotiate with each
other.

23. ...... and change their
configuration

24. Social
human behaviour
communities
governance
self organisation
}
Distributed ICT
communication
negotiation
clustering
self management
Physical infrastructure
homes, wind turbines
power lines, solar panels,
data centres
}
Participation

25. Our energy system can become a
participative social-­technical system !

26. Urban designUrban design

27. The first smart grid city in the US:
Boulder, Colorado
The first smart grid city in the US:
Boulder, Colorado

28. Boulder
• Boulder has a very highly educated population
• Environmental concern high on their agenda
• National Renewable Energy Labs (NREL) leadership
• “Boulder is just one big technology magnet when it
comes to anything to do with alternative energy,
conservation and end use efficiency (Mauldin)”

29. Well-­regulated socio-­techno eco systemWell-­regulated socio-­techno eco system

30. The level of autonomyThe level of autonomy
is the city.is the city.

31. With local engagement
• New rules of engagement
• New forms of communication
• New social structures
• New ways to take responsibility
Enabled by technology

32. and challenges at many levels

33. Social networks – social structures, institutions, ..
horizontal governance
polycentricity
distributed markets
regulatory frameworks
awareness
presence design
Merging realities
social cohesion
quality of living
communities
Social networks and structures

34. The focus of social networks and coordination
Understanding human participation
in social technical systems
in merging realities:
presence, social structures, governance, communities, self-­
organisation, risks, incentives, ….

35. Design principles (Ostrom) for local
natural resource management
Clearly defined boundaries
Rules appropriate for provisioning in local context
Collective choice decision making
Effective monitoring
Graduated sanctions
Mechanisms for conflict resolutions
Self-­determination of community
Multiple layers of nested enterprises
Systems Engineering,

36. A few of the challenges related to inclusion,
safety, resilience and sustainability
monitoring vs privacy, ownership
intrusion detection, privacy preserving measures, trust
mechanisms
informedness: information acquisition, aggregation and
provisioning
emergent behaviour
formal and informal regulations -­ national/EU/W
certification, quality

37. http://www.flickr.com/photos/mshandro/35000426/lightbox/

38. Social networks and coordination
CART – Civilian Alert Real Time (National Police, the
Hague City, TNO, CGI) – safety and quality of life
SamenMarkt: Restoring stability in fresh food markets
using multi-­agent system technology (Wageningen,
growers, traders, ….)
NGI New Governance Models for Next Generation
Infrastructures (Alliander, Thales)
Cities as drivers of social change (CIVIS, EU)

39. Distributed ICT networks and coordination
Distributed ICT networks – self-­healing, overlays, ..
dynamic clustering
Dynamic
reconfiguration
Load balancing
SLA negotiation
Virtual power
stations
Distributed accounting
dynamic aggregation
distributed
monitoring IoT protocols

40. Enabled by ... technology
e.g. autonomous adaptive networked
systems
p2p systems,
embedded systems,
autonomic computing systems,
agents – multi-­agent systems,

41. The focus of participation at the level
of distributed ICT
distributed communication overlays/communities, load
balancing
distributed aggregation, distributed SLA negotiation,
distributed monitoring, distributed clustering
Robustness, Resilience, Ability to Adapt, Security,
Cascading effects

43. challenges for inclusion, safety, resilience and
sustainability
Integrity -­ (Local) aggregation and dissemination of information
Accountability -­ distributed SLA negotiation, distributed monitoring,
identity mgt
Containment – resilience -­ avoiding cascading effects
Reliabilty – self organisation, self management
Scalability – millions of devices

44. Distributed ICT networks and
coordination
SES NWO: Increasing the Robustness of Smart Grids through distributed
energy generation: a complex network approach (Brazier, Kooij, Warnier,
Smit)
NWO STASCADE: Stable and scalable decentralized power balancing systems
using adaptive clustering (Brazier, la Poutre, Warnier)
NWO-­India ADREM : Adaptive clustering for Decentralized Resilient Energy
Management (Brazier, la Poutre, Warnier)
NGI Self-­Managed Dynamic Institutions in Power Grids: Sharing the cost of
reliability ( Tennet, Alliander, Kema, Thales)

45. At all 3 levels
Physical networks -­ power lines, resources, ….
Electric vehicles
DC micro grids
Self-­healing distribution networks
Physical chain Topology optimization
Intelligent control
greenhouses
production
transportation
street

47. Focus of physical networks and
coordination
Health of the physical network,
design of robust topologies,
resources and storage, data centre management
Physical supply chain operation – freight

48. challenges
Scalability
Robustness
Resilience
Maintainability
QoS, timeliness ……

49. PARTICIPATION
FOR
SUSTAINABILITY
ENABLE BY ICT

50. Thank you for your attention