V49 1 2-00

Veterinarski fakultet Sarajevo - Casopis Veterinaria Vol. 49, Broj 1-2

PUBLIKACIJE VETERINARSKOG FAKULTETA ÈASOPIS VETERINARIA
U SARAJEVU

"VETERINARIA" Vol 49 Broj 1-2/00
Vol. 49, Broj 1-2

SADRŽAJ - CONTEST

U povodu imenovanja odgovornog urednika i nove redakcijske strukture
1
èasopisa Veterinaria

AKTUELNE TEME - ACTUAL PAPERS

Milanoviæ A.
Goveða spongiformna encefalopatija (BSE) - Veterinarski,
javnozdravstveni i gospodarstveni problem - 3
Bovine spongiform encephalophaty (BSE) - The Veterinary, Public
Health and Economy Problem -

Hadžoviæ S.
Signal-prenosni putevi i njihova modulacija lijekovima 19
Signal-transduction pathways and their modulation by drugs

ORIGINALNI RADOVI - ORIGINAL PAPERS VETERINARIA

ZBORNIK RADOVA IZ OBLASTI
Paprikiæ N. ANIMALNE PROIZVODNJE
Ispitivanje raširenosti infekcije virusom infektivne anemije konja na širem PERIODICAL ON THE ANIMAL
podruèju sjeveroistoène Bosne 51 PRODUCTION
Investigation of the incidence rate of infectious anemia caused by virus
in horses on the broader area of North-Eastern Bosnia
Izdavaè:

Muminoviæ M., Hadžoviæ S., Abdagiæ Indira, Veterinarski fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu
Smajloviæ A. Udruženja veterinara i veterinarskih tehnièara
Efekat serotonina na izoliranu glatku muskulaturu rumena goveda 65 BiH
The effect of serotonin on the isolated smooth muscles of the bovine
rumen
Odgovorni urednik:
Gagiæ Abdulah
Goletiæ T., Šatroviæ E., Kustura Aida, Prašoviæ
S., Beširoviæ H., Rešidbegoviæ Emina, Nogiæ
Izvršni urednik:
Ermina 79
Tahiroviæ Nijaz
Histomonijaza kod jedinki roditeljskog jata Lohmann Brown provenijence
Histomoniasis in the parent flock birds of Lohmann Brown provenience
Redakcioni Kolegij:
Alibegoviæ-Zeèiæ Fahira, Èakovica Faruk,
Gagiæ Abdulah, Kadiæ Muhamed, Muminoviæ

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Tahiroviæ Vildana, Pobriæ Hazima, Arnautoviæ Mehmed, Pašiæ Šemso, Saraèeviæ Lejla,
I., Avdiæ R. Tahiroviæ Nijaz - svi Veterinarski fakultet,
Neke karakteristike kornjaèa sa posebnim osvrtom na Testudo Hermani Sarajevo, Andrijaniæ Milan, Veterinarski zavod,
91
(Hermanova kornjaèa) Mostar, Boguèanin Hamid, Poljoprivredni
Some characteristics of the turtles, with special regard to Testudo fakultet, Sarajevo, Ferizbegoviæ Jasmin,
Hermani (Herman's turtle) Veterinarska stanica,Tuzla, Šariæ Milenko,
Veterinarski institut, Banja Luka, Telaloviæ Amir,
Kantonalna veterinarska inspekcija, Bihaæ
Ožegoviæ L., Zahiroviæ A., Adiloviæ E., Æutuk
R., Filipoviæ Selma, Halilbašiæ A.
107 Ureðivaèki savjet:
Naša iskustva u eradikaciji trihofitije goveda - vakcinacija
Our experience in erradication of bovine Trichophytiosis by vaccination Arnautoviæ Ibrahim, Džuviæ Abdulah,
Hadžiomeroviæ Zijad, Hadžoviæ Safet,
Hamamdžiæ Muhidin, Lokvanèiæ Hamdo,
Muminoviæ M., Veliæ R., Hadžoviæ S., Abdagiæ Milanoviæ Ante, Muteveliæ Ahmed, Nevjestiæ
Indira, Kotle Z. Ante, Ožegoviæ Ladislav, Rukavina Ljubomir,
115
Porijeklo spontanih kontrakcija glatke muskulature crijeva svinja Taliæ Alija - svi Veterinarski fakultet, Sarajevo,
Spontaneous contractions of the smooth muscle of swine intestines Likar Rade, Veterinarska stanica, Bosanski Novi,
Omanoviæ Hilmo, Cazin, Selak Vjekoslav,
Poljoprivredni fakultet, Sarajevo
Rešidbegoviæ Emina, Gagiæ A., Kavazoviæ Aida
Osjetljivost izolata E. Coli iz piliæa prema hemioterapeuticima 123
Sensitivity to chemiotherapeutics of E. Coli isolates from chickens Lektori:
Hrnjeviæ Subhija, prof. za bosanski jezik
Murga Bahrija, prof. za engleski jezik
Rešidbegoviæ Emina, Gagiæ A., Kavazoviæ
Aida, Kustura Aida, Alibegoviæ-Zeèiæ Fahira Vol. 49, Broj 1-2, Str. 1-242
Kolonizacija probavnog i respiratornog trakta piliæa E. Coli u podnom Sarajevo, 2000.
129
sistemu smještaja
E. Coli colonization of digestive and respiratory tract in chickens housed Štampa:
in the floor system of keeping Grafièki atelje "Largo" - Sarajevo

STRUÈNI RADOVI - PROFESSIONAL PAPERS

Veliæ R., Bajroviæ T., Arapoviæ Lejla, Dukiæ
Behija, Rukavina Lj.
Seroprevelenca Q-groznice kod preživara na širem podruèju Bosne i
137
Hercegovine tokom 2000. godine
Seroprevalence of Q-fever in ruminants in the area of Bosnia-
Herzegovina in the year 2000

Rešidbegoviæ Emina, Kavazoviæ Aida, Gagiæ A.
Nalaz bakterija iz roda Staphylococcus u karantenskom materijalu u
periodu 1982-1988. u Bosni i Hecegovini 147
Findings of bacteria of Staphylococcus genus in the animals kept in
quarantine over the years 1982-1988 in Bosnia-Herzegovina

Ožegoviæ L., Babiæ Mirela, Adiloviæ E.,
Zahiroviæ A.
Zoofilni dermatofiti kao uzroènici dermatomikoza životinja i ljudi 153
Zoophylic dermatophytes as the aethiological agents of dermatomycoses
in animals and humans



Kustura Aida, Gagiæ A., Rešidbegoviæ Emina,
Kavazoviæ Aida, Mulamekiæ N.
161
Efekat zeolita na utrošak vode kod nesilica
The effect of zeolite on the water consumption by laying hens

Prašoviæ S., Šatroviæ E., Beširoviæ H.
Maligni mezoteliom kod goveda 171
Malignant mesothelioma in cattle

Ibroviæ M., Æutuk R., Kunovac S., Mrkuliæ M.
Osvrt na introdukciju muflona u lovišta južne Hercegovine
179
A historical perspective on the introduction of mouflons into the hunting
areas of South Herzegovina

IZ PRAKSE - ZA PRAKSU

Hadžoviæ S.
Kako normalizirati poremeæenu mikropopulaciju u probavnom sistemu
189
How to return to normalcy a disturbed micropopulation in the alimentary
system

Gagiæ A.
Zoohigijenski aspekti borbe protiv BSE, slinavke i šapa, bruceloze i Q-
groznice 197
Zoo-hygienic aspects of the fight against BSE, Foot-and-mouth disease,
Brucellosis and Q-fever

Gagiæ A., Alibegoviæ-Zeèiæ Fahira
Zdravstveni aspekti korištenja animalnih komponenti u industrijskoj
211
stoènoj hrani
Health aspects of utilization of animal components in industrial feeds

Rifatbegoviæ M., Veliæ R.
Znaèaj pravilnog uzimanja i transporta uzoraka za mikrobiološku
dijagnostiku 217
The importance of proper collecting and transport of samples for
microbiologic diagnostics

Hadžoviæ S.
225
"Lekovi" lijekovi za upotrebu u veterinarstvu registrirani u F BiH

Novo trgovaèko društvo "Veterina" d.o.o. u proizvodnji veterinarskih
239
lijekova

Ispravke 242


Goveđa spongiformna encefalopatija (BSE)
-Veterinarski, javnozdravstveni i gospodarstveni problem-

Milanović A.

Kratak sadržaj - Goveđa spongiformna encefalopatija (BSE) - "bolest
ludih krava" prvi puta je prepoznata i dijagnosticirana u Engleskoj 1985/86.
g. Do kraja 2000.g u Engleskoj i u drugim zemljama ukupno je prijavljeno
cca 182.000 slučajeva.
BSE se pretežno javlja u stadima mliječnih krava, a dovodi se u vezu sa
hranidbom mesno-koštanim brašnom koje je pripremljeno izmjenjenim
tehnološkim postupkom od leševa ovaca uginulih od grebeža (scrapie). Nije
dokazan horizontalni, a postoji mogućnost vertikalnog prijenosa.
Bolest spada u skupinu transmisivnih spongiformnih encefalopatija (TSE)
koje se javljaju kod različitih domaćih i divljih životinja i čovjeka. Uzrokuju
ih nekonvencionalni veoma rezistentni uzročnici - prioni (proteinaceus
infectious particles - bjelančevinaste infektivne čestice), koji dovode do
degenerativnih promjena u mozgu. Inkubacija traje 3-5 i više godina, a
bolest zahvata centralni nervni sistem. Manifestira se, pored ostalog u
promjenama u ponašanju, a krajnji ishod je smrt. Objektivna dijagnoza
postavlja se patohistološkom pretragom mozga, zadnjeg dijela medule ili
vratnog dijela kičmene moždine (mikrocistična vakuolacija i neprirodni
fibrili), a u novije vrijeme razrađuju se brzi testovi.
U posljednje vrijeme BSE je najznačajniji problem veterinarske struke, a uz
to je i veliki javnozdravstveni i gospodarstveni problem, koji ima velike
direktne i indirektne ekonomske štete, koje se godišnje cijene na nekoliko
desetina milijardi dolara. U rješavanju tog problema uključene su brojne
državne i međudržavne organizacije i institucije (laboratorije, instituti,
fakulteti, centri, ministarstva, komiteti, OIE u Parizu, WHO i dr.) koje kroz
stručne i zanstvene projekte i brojne (nekoliko stotina) pravilnike, naredbe,
direktive, smjernice, preporuke i dr. nastoje da riješe aktuelni problem BSE
u svijetu.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
- The Veterinary, Public Health and Economy Problem -

Milanovic A.

Summary - Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) - "the mad cow
disease" was first recognized and diagnosed in England in the year 1985/86.
Until the end of the year 2000 in England and some other countries 182,000
cases were reported.
BSE outbreaks occur in the dairy herds, and are associated with bone-meal
feeds prepared by adapted technology methods using carcases of sheep,
death of which was caused by scrapie. Horizontal transmission of the disease
has not been proved, while the vertical passing is considered possible.
The disease belongs to the group of transmissible spongiform encelopathies
(TSE) affecting various species of domestic and wild animals, and humans.
They are caused by non-conventional highly resistant causative agents:
prions (proteinaceus infectious particles) leading to degenerative changes in
the brain. Incubation lasts 3 to 5 and more days, and the disease affects the
central nervous system. It is manifested, besides other signs, by changes in
behaviour, and it is terminal. An objective diagnosis is made by
pathohistological examination of brain, the posterior part of the medulla or
the neck part of the spinal chord (microcystic vacuolation and unnatural
fibrils). In the recent time quick tests are developed.
As of late, BSE is the most important problem of veterinary profession,
representing at the same time a major public health and economy problem
causing huge direct and indirect economic damages, estimated to reach
annually tens of billions of dollars. In trying to solve the problem involved
are many national and inter-state agencies and institutions (laboratories,
institutes, faculties, centers, ministries, comittees, OIE in Paris, WHO, etc.)
committed to finding the way through professional and research projects and
(several hundred) regulations, decrees, directives, guidelines,
recommendations, etc. to resolve the current BSE problem accross the
world.

Signal-prenosni putevi i njihova modulacija lijekovima

Hadžović S.

Kratak sadržaj - Signal-prenosni putevi su fiziološki putevi (sistemi) u
organizmu koji svoju funkciju počinju onog momenta kada se neki ligand
(neurotransmitor, hormon, autakoid) veže za receptor lociran u ćelijskoj
membrani, a završavaju na efektornoj ćeliji ili preciznije na efektornom
proteinu u obliku ispoljavanja efekta (kontrakcije poprečnoprugaste, srčane,
glatkomišićne ćelije ili pojačanim ili smanjenim lučenjem žljezdanih ćelija i
sl.). U tim, često složenim i kompliciranim, putevima učestvuje veći ili
manji broj činilaca (faktora) odgovornih za njihovo normalno
funkcioniranje. U svrhu upoznavanja često komliciranih procesa koji se
odvijaju od momenta nastanka ligand-receptor kompleksa do ispoljavanja
efekta, u radu su prvo opisani svi mogući "učesnici" u tim procesima
(receptori, neurotransmitori i neurotransmisija, ligandi /prvostepeni
glasnici/, G-proteini, drugostepeni /drugi/ glasnici, protein kinaze i protein
fosfataze), a zatim redom cjelovitost poznatih signal-prenosnih puteva, da bi
na kraju bilo govora o mogućnosti modulacije (korekcije) njihove
(poremećene) funkcije aplikacijom lijekova u cilju terapije bolesnih stanja
nastalih (izazvanih) upravo njihovom poremećenom funkcijom.

Signal-transduction pathwaysand their modulation by drugs

Hadzovic S.

Summary - Signal-transduction pathways are physiological
pathways (system) in an organism, which start to function at the
moment when a ligand (neurotransmitter, hormone, autacoid) is bound
to the receptor located in the cell membrane, and end on the effector
cell, or more precisely: on effector protein, in the form of manifesting
the effect (contraction of striated, heart, smooth muscle cells, either
increase or decrease of glandular secretion, etc.). In these, often
complex and complicated, pathways a smaller or larger number of
factors, responsible for their functioning, take part. For the purpose of
understanding these processes which are developing from the moment
of the emergence of the ligand-receptor complex to the manifestation of
the effect, in the first part of the present paper there is a description of
all "participants" in these processes (receptors, neurotransmitters and
neutotransmission, legend /first messengers/, G-proteins, second
messengers, protein kinaze and protein phosphataze), and then follows
a methodical presentation of the known signal-transduction pathways in
their entirety, ending with a discussion on the possibility of modulation
(correction) of their disturbed function by applying drugs for the
therapy of unhealthy conditions caused by exactly this disturbed
function.

Ispitivanje raširenosti infekcije virusom infektivne anemije
konja na širem području sjeveroistočne Bosne
(Izvod iz magistarskog rada)

Paprikić N.

Kratak sadržaj - Infektivna anemija konja i druge zarazne bolesti
kopitara, određene zakonom, dosta su često utvrđivane na epizootiološkom
području Bosne i Hercegovine. Prisustvo infektivne anemije konja
konstantno je evidentirano posljednih 20 godina. Kako stanje i kretanje ove
zarazne bolesti nije praćeno u ratnim i poratnim godinama na
epizootiološkom području Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, istaknuta je
potreba utvrđivanja stvarnog stanja prisustva i raširenosti infekcije na
relativno velikom, širem području sjeveroistočne Bosne.
Epizootiološka i serološka istraživanja vršena su 1997., 1998. i 1999.godine
na području 22 općine šireg područja sjeveroistočne Bosne, kao i na
kontrolnom području 4 općine ostalog dijela Bosne i Hercegovine.
Epizootiološki su analizirane geografske, klimatske i druge karakteristike
istraživanog područja, stanje konjarstva u regionu i stanje infektivne anemije
konja u Bosni i Hercegovini do1992.godine. Serološki su ispitani krvni
serumi 906 konja, od čega 57,40% uzoraka potiče sa užeg područja
sjeveroistočne Bosne, 32,45% sa susjednog područja i 10,15% sa ostalih
područja.
U toku seroloških ispitivanja korištena je propisana, prema standardima
O.I.E. određena dijagnostička tehnika IAK tj. AGID test. Utvrđeno je 3,31%
pozitivnih reaktora i to 3,85% na užem području sjeveroistočne Bosne, a
3,40% na području susjednih općina. Dobijeni rezultati su od značajnog
naučnog i praktičnog interesa, posebno u odnosu na lociranje zaraze, puteve
prenošenja virusa, oblika pojavljivanja bolesti i mjera za otkrivanje i
suzbijanje infekcije u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Investigation of the incidence rate of infectious anemia caused
by virus in horses on the broader area of North-Eastern Bosnia
(Excerpt from the Thesis for M.Sc.Degree)

Paprikic N.

Summary - Infectious anemia in horses and other infectious diseases in
hoofed animals, as defined in the Regulations, have been quite often
detected on the area of Bosnia-Herzegovina. All over the course of the last
20 years infectious anemia has been constantly reported. The lack of
information on this infectious disease, due to the war and the years in the
aftermath of it, is evident and the necessary steps have to be undertaken to
ascertain the present state regarding this disease on a large area of the North-
Eastern Bosnia.
In the years of 1997, 1998 and 1999 epizootiologic and serologic research
was carried out in 22 communities in the North-Eastern Bosnia, and in the 4
communities in the other parts of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Epizootiologic study
involved geographic, climatic and other features of the area under
investigation, horse husbandry in the region, and data sources of infectious
anemia until the year 1992. Serologic tests were made from 906 horses, of
which 57.40% samples were from the narrower area of the North-Eastern
Bosnia, 32.45% from the neighbouring area and 10.15% from other areas.
Serologic tests were performed in accordance with the standards of O.I.E.;
the diagnostic technique IAk, ie AGID test was used. Positive reactors were
3.31%; in the narrower area of the North-Eastern Bosnia: 3.85%, and in the
neighbouring communities: 3.40%. The obtained results are considered to be
both of scientific and practical significance, especially with regard to the
sources of infection, routes of transmission of the virus and the control of
the infection in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Efekat serotonina na izoliranu glatku muskulaturu rumena
goveda

Muminović M., Hadžović S., Abdagić Indira, Smajlović A.

Kratak sadržaj - Serotonin (5-HT) je jedan od autakoida (tkivnih
hormona) koji se normalno nalazi i stvara u organizmu. Ovaj biogeni amin
regulira neke centralne (san, tjelesnu temperaturu, senzorne percepcije,
apetit i dr.) i periferne (motilitet krvnih sudova, probavnih organa i dr.)
funkcije preko više tipova specifičnih serotonergičnih (5-HT) receptora.
Pošto postoje samo djelomični podaci o djelovanju serotonina in vitro na
glatku muskulaturu rumena goveda, smatrali smo interesantnim provjeriti
efekat samog serotonina i serotonina u prisustvu metizergida (blokator
5-HT1, 5-HT2A i 5-HT2C receptora) na glatku muskulaturu rumena goveda
i tako potvrditi eventualno prisustvo 5-HT1, 5-HT2A i/ili 5-HT2C receptora.
Ispitivanje je vršeno na izoliranim glatkim mišićima cirkularnog i
longitudinalnog sloja glatke muskulature dorzalne i ventralne vreće rumena
goveda (strip 3-4 mm x 2 cm). Mišićni strip je postavljen u kupatilo za
izolirane organe, a izazvane kontrakcije su registrovane na dva jednokanalna
pisača izometrijskim transdjuserima. Nakon provjere vitalnosti mišićnog
stripa dodavanjem acetilholina, u kupatilo za izolirane organe je dodavan
serotonin u koncentracijama od 10-7 do 10-3. Kao antagonist korišten je
metizergid u koncentracijama od 10-7 do 10-5, koji je dodavan u kupatilo 3-
4 minute prije serotonina.
Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je serotonin jedna od
efikasnijih supstancija na glatku muskulaturu rumena goveda, čiji se efekat
ispoljavao u vidu kontrakcije. Ovaj efekat je uspješno antagonizirao
metizergid, što govori da su u ovoj muskulaturi zastupljeni 5-HT2A i/ili 5-
HT2C i 5-HT1 receptori.

The effect of serotonin on the isolated smooth muscles of the
bovine rumen

Muminovic M., Hadzovic S., Abdagic Indira, Smajlovic A.

Summary - Serotonin (5-HT) is one of autacoids (tissue hormones)
normally found and formed in an organism. This biogenic amin regulates
some central (sleep, body temperature, sensory perceptions, etc.) and
peripherial (motility of blood vessels, digestive organs, etc.) functions
through several types of specific serotonergic (5-HT) receptors. Since only
partial informations on the action of serotonin in vitro on the smooth
muscles of bovine rumen are available, we considered it could be interesting
to test the effect of serotonin alone, and serotonin in the presence of
methysergide (antogonist of the 5-HT1, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptors) on
the smooth muscles of bovine rumen, and in this way confirm possible
presence of 5-HT1, 5-HT2A, and/or 5-HT2C receptors.
The testing was performed on the isolated smooth muscles of circular and
longitudinal layer of smooth muscles of dorsal and ventral sac of bovine
rumen (strip 3-4 mm x 2 cm). The muscle strip was placed into the bath for
isolated organs, and the induced contractions were registered on the two
single-channel printers by isometric transducers. After the vitality of the
muscle strip had been evaluated by adding acetylcholine, serotonin in
concentrations of 10-7 to 10-3 was added to the bath for isolated organs.
Methysergide, as antagonist, in concentrations of 10-7 to 10-5 was added to
the bath 3-4 minutes before serotonin.
On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that serotonin is one
of the more effective substances on the smooth muscles of bovine rumen,
expressed through contractions. This effect successfully antagonized
methysergide, which is an indicator that in this musculature receptors 5-
HT1, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C are present.

Histomonijaza kod jedinki roditeljskog jata Lohmann Brown
provenijence

Goletić T., Šatrović E., Kustura Aida, Prašović S., Beširović
H., Rešidbegović Emina, Nogić Ermina

Kratak sadržaj - Opisana je pojava Histomonijaze na jednoj farmi u
BiH kod jedinki roditeljskog jata provenijencije Lohmann Brown. Izbijanje
bolesti, njen tok i karakteristike pratili smo kroz period od 19 nedjelja. U
navedenom periodu patoanatomski je ukupno obrađena 171 jedinka. Od tog
broja kod njih 103 (60,2 %), utvrdili smo markantne promjene
karakteristične za ovu bolest.
Osim patoanatomski, različitim dijagnostičkim metodama je ukupno
pretraženo 26 leševa različite dobi kod uginuća. Patoanatomski
dijagnosticirana bolest Histomonijaza potvrđena je patohistološki, nalazom
trofozoita histomonasa u isječcima tkiva jetre. Time smo dokazali da se
bolest kod kokoški može javiti i u dobi preko 6 mjeseci. Obzirom na prvi
dokaz Histomonijaze kod kokoški u BiH, detaljno smo opisali
patoanatomske i patohistološke promjene i ukazali na potrebu
epizootiološkog prosuđivanja njene raširenosti i značaja u patologiji
intenzivno držane peradi kod nas.

Histomoniasis in the parent flock birds of Lohmann Brown
provenience

Goletic T., Satrovic E., Kustura Aida, Prasovic S., Besirovic
H., Residbegovic Emina, Nogic Ermina

Summary - The paper is a report on an outbrake of Histomoniasis on a
farm in Bosnia-Herzegovina in Lohmann Brown parent flock. The incidence
of the disease, its progress and the characteristics of it were observed over
the period of 19 weeks. During that period patho-anatomic examination of
171 birds was conducted. Out of that number, in 103 (60.2%) animals
marked changes characteristic for the disease were discovered.
The bodies of 26 birds that died at various age were, besides patho-anatomic
examination, subjected to diagnostic examination by a number of methods.
The Histomoniasis disease, by examining anatomy pathology was confirmed
by patho-histologic analysis, which produced finding of Histomonas
Trophozite in the excisions of the liver tissue. This has been the proof that
hens aged over six months can be affected by the disease. Having in view
that it was the first time that the disease was diagnosed in hens in Bosnia-
Herzegovina, the report is provided with a detailed description of patho-
anatomic and patho-histologic changes caused by it. The importance of
epizootiological studies related to the incidence rate of the disease in
intensive poultry farming in this country is stressed, as well.

Neke karakteristike kornjača sa posebnim osvrtom na Testudo
Hermani (Hermanova kornjača)

Tahirović Vildana, Pobrić Hazima, Arnautović I., Avdić R.

Kratak sadržaj - U raspoloživoj literaturi o anatomiji, fiziologiji,
patologiji, a posebno terapiji, te držanju i ishrani kornjača nema dovoljno
informacija. U radu su izloženi pojedini sustavi životinje (kostur,
respiratorni sustav, dio kardiovaskularnog, probavni i urogenitalni sustav, te
čula).Osim toga, navedena je sistematizacija kornjača, njihova geografska
rasprostranjenost, način ishrane kao i optimalni uslovi držanja u zatvorenom
prostoru

Some characteristics of the turtles,with special regard to
Testudo Hermani (Herman's turtle)

Tahirovic Vildana, Pobric Hazima, Arnautovic I., Avdic R.

Summary - In the available literature there is not enough information
about Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology and the Therapy, in particular, of
these animals. The informations about Husbandry, Nutrition and Feeding are
very poor, too.
Some parts of the turtles body (skeletal, respiratory, part of circulatory,
digestive, reproductive, urinary and sensory systems) were studied.
Moreover, a practical guide for feeding and housing in captivity,
geographical presence and systematic division are given.

Naša iskustva u eradikaciji trihofitije goveda - vakcinacija

Ožegović L., Zahirović A., Adilović E., Ćutuk R., Filipović
Selma, Halilbašić A.

Kratak sadržaj - Vakcinacijom oboljele i eksponirane teladi na jednoj
farmi goveda, na kojoj trihofitija goveda traje već 5 godina, uspješno je
izliječena skupina oboljele teladi u roku od 15-30 dana i uspješno zaštićena
od zaražavanja druga skupina teladi koja je kohabitirala sa bolesnom teladi.
Kontrolne životinje, koje su bile oboljele, nisu pokazale nikakva odstupanja
od normalnog toka bolesti.

Our experience in erradication of bovine Trichophytiosis by
vaccination

Ozegovic L., Zahirovic A., Adilovic E., Cutuk R., Filipovic
Selma, Halilbasic A.

Summary - By vaccination of affected and exposed calves on a farm
where trichophytiosis has been present for 5 years (ever since the imported
cattle arrived) a group of affected calves has been successfully cured in a
time period of 15 to 30 days, while another group of animals, that
cohabitated with those affected, has been effectively protected from
infection. The control animals did not show any change in regular course of
trichophytiosis.

Porijeklo spontanih kontrakcija glatke muskulature crijeva
svinja

Muminović M., Velić R., Hadžović S., Abdagić Indira, Kotle Z.

Kratak sadržaj - Prilikom in vitro ispitivanja djelovanja nekih
supstancija na izolirani strip glatke muskulature različitih dijelova crijeva
svinja, često se (u oko 10% slučajeva) u fazi adaptacije stripa u posudi za
izolirane organe dešava da izolirani mišić ispoljava spontane kontrakcije bez
ikakve vanjske stimulacije. Ovi stripovi se ne mogu koristiti za eksperimente
u kojima se ispituje odgovor izoliranog mišića (kontrakcija, relaksacija) na
dodate supstancije, jer ga spontane kontrakcije zasjenjuju.
Stoga je bilo interesantno ustanoviti koja je od fizioloških supstancija, koje
učestvuju u regulaciji motiliteta crijeva, odgovorna za nastanak spontanih
kontrakcija, a time i mogućnost njihovog blokiranja.
Ispitivanja su vršena na izoliranom longitudinalnom sloju glatke
muskulature ileuma svinja (strip 3-4 mm x 2 cm), smještenog u kupatilo za
izolirane organe sa Krebsovom otopinom, a eventualne spontane kontrakcije
su registrirane na jednokanalnom pisaču sa izometrijskim transdjuserom. U
slučajevima kad su registrovane spontane kontrakcije, u kupatilo su
dodavani odvojeno u određenim vremenskim intervalima antagonisti
acetilholina, histamina, serotonina i prostaglandina, u cilju blokiranja
spontanih kontrakcija.
Dobiveni rezultati govore da su spontane kontrakcije blokirane u najvećem
broju slučajeva (91,66%) mepiraminom (antagonista H1), na osnovu čega se
može zaključiti da su one posljedica djelovanja histamina i da su samo u
manjem broju slučajeva spontane kontrakcije rezultat djelovanja serotonina
ili acetilholina.

Spontaneous contractions of the smooth muscle of swine
intestines

Muminovic M., Velic R., Hadzovic S., Abdagic Indira, Kotle Z.

Summary - The in vitro study of the effect of certain substances on
the isolated strip of smooth muscles from different parts of swine
intestines revealed that quite often (in about 10% cases) during the strip
adaptation in the bath for isolated organs, an isolated muscle displays
spontaneous contractions without any external stimulation. These strips
are not suitable for experiments with testing the response of the isolated
muscle (contractions, relaxation) to added substances, as it is
overshadowed by spontaneous contractions.
It appeared worth while to try to establish which of the physiologic
substances, taking part in the intestines motility regulation, are
responsible for the occurrence of spontaneous contractions, and at the
same time to assess the possibility of blocking them.
Investigation was performed on isolated longitudinal layer of smooth
muscles of swine ileum (strip 3-4 cm x 2 cm) placed in the bath for
isolated organs with Krebs' solution. Spontaneous contractions were
recorded on one channel printer by isometric transducer. At the
moments when spontaneous contractions were recorded, in order to
block them, antagonists of acetycholine, histamine and some
prostaglandins were separately added to the bath.
The obtained results indicate that spontaneous contractions were
blocked in the majority of cases (91.66%) by mepyramine (H1
antagonist), which can be the basis for drawing a conclusion that they
are the result of action of histamine, and that only in a smaller number
of cases spontanious

Osjetljivost izolata E.Ccoli iz pilića prema hemioterapeuticima

Rešidbegović Emina, Gagić A., Kavazović Aida

Kratak sadržaj - Autori su testirali osjetljivost 165 izolata E.coli,
izoliranih iz pilića, prema 14 različitih hemioterapeutika i to: linco-spectin
(100 mcg); nalidinska kiselina (30 mcg); amuril (15 IJ); cefalosporin (30
IJ); trimetoprim (5 mcg); karbencilin (100 mcg); cefotaxim (30 mcg);
eritromicin (15i.j.); amikacin (30 mcg); gentamicin (30 IJ); furazolidon
(100 mcg); flumequin (30 mcg); sulfonamid (200 mcg); ampivet (30 mcg).
Svi testirani izolati bili su multirezistentni na najmanje dva, a najviše na
14 preparata. Veću osjetljivost su pokazivali prema: linco-spectinu 91%;
flumequinu 65% i gentamicinu 53%, dok su neosjetljivi bili na
polusintetske penciline, sulfonamide i trimetoprim. Niti jedan
antimikrobni preparat nije bio 100% efikasan protiv izoliranih sojeva
E.coli, što predstavlja poseban problem u terapiji oboljenja uzrokovanih
patogenim sojevima E.coli. Antimikrobna sredstva bi trebalo koristiti
isključivo u terapijski indiciranim slučajevima uz prethodno utvrđivanje
njihove djelotvornosti testom rezistencije. U nutritivne i preventivne svrhe
treba koristiti isključivo probiotski tretman.

Sensitivity to chemiotherapeutics of E. Coli isolates from
chickens

Residbegovic Emina, Gagic A., Kavazovic Aida

Summary - The authors tested the sensitivity of 165 E.coli isolates from
chickens to 14 chemiotherapeutics: linco-spectin (100 mcg), nalidin acid
(30 mcg), amuril (15 IJ), cephalosporin (30 IJ), trimetoprim (5 mcg),
karbencilin (100 mcg), cephotaxim (30 mcg), erytromycin (15 IJ),
amikacin (30 mcg), gentamicin (30 IJ), furazolidon (100 mcg), flumequine
(30 mcg), sulphonamide (200 mcg), ampivet (30 mcg).
All the tested isolates were multiresistant, from those resistant to only two
substances to those resistant to all 14 substances. Higher sensitivity was
shown to: linco-spectin: 91%; flumequin: 65%; and gentamycin: 53%. No
sensitivity was displayed to semi-synthetic penicillins, sulphonamides, and
trimetoprim. None of the anti-microbial substances was 100% effective
against the isolated E.coli isolates, what represents special problem in the
therapy of diseases caused by pathogenic strains of E.coli. The anti-
microbial substances should be used only when indicated for therapy
procedure, in case they have been tested for resistance. For nutritive and
preventive purposes only probiotic treatment should be applied.

Kolonizacija probavnog i respirtornog trakta pilića E. Coli u
podnom sistemu smještaja

Rešidbegović Emina, Gagić A., Kavazović Aida, Kustura Aida,
Alibegović-Zečić Fahira

Kratak sadržaj - Kao najučestaliji pratilac u patologiji svih dobnih i
proizvodnih kategorija peradi dijagnosticirana je Escherichia coli
(E.coli). Obzirom da koli infekcije predstavljaju naročit problem u
pilića prvih sedmica života, ispitan je stepen kolonizacije probavnog i
respiratornog trakta pilića E.coli, u uslovima podnog sistema smještaja
u prvih trideset dana života. Kolonizacija probavnog i respiratornog
trakta pilića E.coli u podnom sistemu uslijedila je u dobi od 3. i trajala
je do 23.dana. Prvi izolat bio je iz traheje i fecesa, što ukazuje na
mogućnost istovremene infekcije. Podni sistem smještaja rizičan je za
životinje, pošto direktan kontakt sa steljom olakšava kolonizaciju
probavnog i respiratornog trakta pilića. Kavezni način smještaja,
higijenski ispravna hrana (peletirana), temeljna sanitacija i biološki
odmor objekta, te isključen vertikalni način transmisije uzročnika su
preduslovi u prevenciji rane kolonizacije probavnog i respiratornog
trakta pilića u prvim danima života.

E. Coli colonization of digestive and respiratory tract in
chickens housed in the floor system of keeping

Residbegovic Emina, Gagic A., Kavazovic Aida, Kustura Aida,
Alibegovic-Zecic Fahira

Summary - The pathology in poultry, irrespective of their age and
production status, is most frequently associated with Escherihia coli (E.
coli). As coli infections in chickens are of a major concern during the
first weeks of their life, the paper deals with the study conducted to
reveal the rate of colonization of the digestive and respiratory tract of
chickens during the first thirty days of their life in the floor system of
keeping. Colonization by E. coli started at day 3 and lasted until day 23,
and had two pathways. The first isolate was obtained from trachea and
from feces, indicating the possibility of simultanious infection. The floor
system of keeping bears more risk for E. coli infection of the digestive
and respiratory tract in chickens, due to the litter, which is a constant
source of infection. Proper housing, hygienically fit feed (pellets), a
thorough sanitation and biologic rest of the facility are prerequisites for
the prevention of an early colonization of the digestive and respiratory
tract in chickens in their early days of life, provided that the vertical
pathway of transmission of the causative agent is excluded.

Seroprevelenca Q - groznice kod preživara na širem području
Bosne i Hercegovine tokom 2000. godine

Velić R., Bajrović T., Arapović Lejla., Dukić Behija., Rukavina
Lj.

Kratak sadržaj - Tokom 2000. godine uz korištenje standardnih
laboratorijskih metoda ( ELISA i IFA ) pretraženo je ukupno 44.213
uzoraka krvnih seruma goveda, ovaca i koza na prisustvo antitijela za
C. burnetii.
Krv je uzorkovana uglavnom od domaćih goveda, sa farmi mliječnih
krava, mlađih plotkinja iz prethodnih uvoza, te od gravidnih junica
koje su bile trenutno smještene u karantinu. Uzorci su poticali iz 61
općine sa šireg područja BiH, a pozitivni reaktori su utvrđeni u 40
općina Federacije i 4 općine RS.
Ovce i koze od kojih su uzeti uzorci bile su različitog zdravstvenog i
reproduktivnog statusa, čak i sa eksplozijama pobačaja. Najveći broj,
oko 32. 000 uzoraka, obrađen je tokom maja i juna u saradnji sa
stručnjacima CDC iz Atlante. Približno jednak broj ispitanih uzoraka
krvnih seruma goveda i ovaca (22.120 i 20.990 ) rezultirao je sličnim
procentualnim vrijednostima ( 2,21 % i 1,90 % ) broja seropozitivnih
životinja. Obzirom na daleko manji broj ispitanih koza (1.103 ) i
procenat seropozitivnih (0,27 % ) nije realno poređenje ovih vrijednosti
i onih dobijenih kod druge dvije životinjske vrste.
Rezultati su pokazali da je tehnika IFA specifičnija, a ELISA test
osjetljiviji u dijagnostici ove bolesti.

Seroprevalence of Q-fever in ruminants in the area of Bosnia-
Herzegovina in the year 2000

Velic R., Bajrovic T., Arapovic Lejla., Dukic Behija., Rukavina
Lj.

Summary - During the year 2000, a total of 44,213 bovine, sheep and
goat blood sera was examined for antibodies to C. burnetii, using
standard laboratory methods (ELISA and IFA).
The samples were for the most part collected from domestic cattle from
dairy farms, from younger breeding cows originating from earlier
importation, kept in quarantine at the time. Collecting of samples
covered 61 communities in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Positive reactors were
determined for 40 communities in the Federation and 4 communities in
RS of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
The sheep and goats from which samples were taken were in different
health and reproductive status; even an explosion of abortions occured.
Most of the samples: about 32,000 of them, were processed during the
months of May and June, in cooperation with the professionals from
CDC, Atlanta. Similar number of the tested samples of blood sera from
cattle and sheep (22,120 and 20,990 respectively) was expressed in
similar percentages (2.21% and 1.90% respect.) of seropositive animals.
As the number of examined goats (1,103) and the percentage of them
found positive is much smaller (0.27%), it is not appropriate to compare
these with the results obtained for the other two animal species.
The results have shown that IFA technique is more specific, while
ELISA test is a more viable technique for the diagnosticsof this disease.

Nalaz bakterija iz roda Staphylococcus u karantenskom
materijalu u periodu 1982-1988. u Bosni i Hercegovini

Rešidbegović Emina, Kavazović Aida, Gagić A.

Kratak sadržaj - Intenzivna proizvodnja jaja i mesa peradi karakterizira
se novim okolnostima u pogledu zdravstvenog stanja jedinki. Oboljenja su
etiološki uglavnom mulitikauzalnog karaktera i u stručnoj terminologiji
označena su kao "sindromi". Kod teških hibrida peradi "sindrom bolesnih
nogu" zauzima značajno mjesto. U etiologiji ovog sindroma stafilokoke
imaju važnu ulogu. U akutnim i hroničnim slučajevima pomenutog
sindroma promjene su, uglavnom, lokalizovane na zglobovima i tetivama
nogu i krila, dok su perakutni slučajevi uglavnom povezani sa sepsom. Osim
smetnji u kretanju, stafilokokne infekcije dovode do povećanog mortaliteta,
slabijeg prirasta, neujednačenog rasta, i što je najbitnije, transmisije
uzročnika preko rasplodnih jaja na jednodnevne piliće. Cilj istraživanja bio
je da se u periodu od sedam godina ispita prisustvo stafilokoka, u
importovanom repromaterijalu jedinki lahkih i teških provenijencija peradi,
uginulih u transportu i u prvih 21 dan života.
Od ukupno10.783 bakteriološki pretražena uzorka suspektnog
dijagnostičkog materijala stafilokoke su izolirane u 74,36% slučajeva. Kod
teških hibrida bile su zastupljene u 87,29%, a kod lahkih u 58,10%
slučajeva.

Findings of bacteria of Staphylococcus genus in the animals
kept in quarantine over the years 1982-1988 in Bosnia-
Herzegovina

Residbegovic Emina, Kavazovic Aida, Gagic A.

Summary - The health status of poultry in intensive production of
eggs and meat in the recent time has acquired some specific features.
The diseases are mainly of multicausal character known under the
professional name of "syndroms". In heavy hybrids of poultry "the
unhealthy legs syndrom" occupies an important place. In ethiology of
this syndrom staphylococcus bacteria play a major role. In acute and
chronic cases of this syndrom the changes are generally localized on
ankles and tendons in legs and wings, while peracute cases are, mainly,
associated with sepsis. In addition to impeded movement,
staphylococcal infections cause increased mortality, inferior increment,
uneven growth and, what is most significant, transmission of the
causative agent through breeder eggs to one-day-old chicks.
The objective of our investigations was to examine over the seven years
the presence of staphylococcus in the imported reproduction light and
heavy hybrids that died during transportation in their first 21 days of
life.
Of the total of 10,783 bacteriologically examined samples from the
suspected material, bacteria of Staphylococcus genus were isolated in
74.36% cases. In heavy hybrids they were present in 87.29%, and in
light hybrids in 58.10% cases.

Zoofilni dermatofiti kao uzročnici dermatomikoza životinja i
ljudi

Ožegović L., Babić Mirela, Adilović E., Zahirović A.

Kratak sadržaj - Prikazan je spektar zoofilnih dermatofita kao
uzročnika oboljenja ljudi i životinja, opisana epizootiologija pojedinih
dermatofita s obzirom na infekciju ljudi i životinja. Posebno je istaknuta
visoka frekfencija M.canis koji je postao najčešći uzročnik oboljenja ljudi u
svijetu, kao i relativno visoko učešće T .mentagrophytesa i T.verrucosuma,
kao i njihove biološke niše.

Zoophylic dermatophytes as the aethiological agents of
dermatomycoses in animals and humans

Ozegovic L., Babic Mirela, Adilovic E., Zahirovic A.

Summary - In the paper presented is a spectrum of zoophylic
dermatophytes as the most frequent agents of infections in humans, and
described is epizoothiology of individual dermatophytes with respect to
infections in humans and animals. Special attention is given to the very
high frequency of M.canis, which is currently the most frequent agent of
infections accross the world, and a relativly high rate of
T.mentagrophytes and T.verrucosum, as well as their biological niches.

Efekat zeolita na utrošak vode kod nesilica

Kustura Aida, Gagić A. , Rešidbegović Emina, Kavazović
Aida, Mulamekić N.

Kratak sadržaj - U pokusu je ispitivano djelovanje 1% koncentracije
zeolita (PET-zel-M) dodavanog u hranu na utrošak vode za piće 18 sedmica
starih pilenki. Prije početka samog pokusa izvršili smo probnu ponudu vode
u različitim količinama i to : 1500 , 2000 , i 2500 ml. Svrha je bila da se
ustanovi orijentaciona potrošnja vode po jednom danu, te se kao
najadekvatnija pokazala količina od 2 000 ml. Pokus je trajao 21 dan i u tom
periodu je vršeno svakodnevno mjerenje utroška vode u zeolitnoj i
kontrolnoj grupi. Sedmični utrošak vode između ove dvije grupe bitno se
razlikovao. U prvoj sedmici kontrolna grupa je popila 8.700 ml, u drugoj
7.850 ml i u trećoj 9.150 ml, dok je "zeolitna" grupa kontrolisana u istim
terminima, popila u prvoj nedjelji 11..300 ml, u drugoj 9.800 ml i u trećoj
10.350 ml. Individualna potrošnja vode za prvu sedmicu kod kontrolne
grupe iznosila je 177,5 ml, u drugoj 160,2 ml,a u trećoj 186,7 ml. "Zeolitna"
grupa je po nesilici u prvoj sedmici popila 230,6 ml, u drugoj 200 ml. i u
trećoj i 211,3 ml. vode. "Zeolitna" grupa je u toku pokusa popila ukupno
31.450 ml. ili 211,9 ml vode na dan dok je kontrolna u istom periodu
utrošila 25.700 ml ili 174,8 ml. vode. Ustanovili smo i neujednačenu dnevnu
potrošnju vode kod kontrolne grupe u znatno većoj mjeri nego kod zeolitne.

The effect of zeolite on the water consumption by laying hens

Kustura Aida, Gagic A. , Residbegovic Emina, Kavazovic
Aida, Mulamekic N.

Summary - The experiment involved the study of the effect of 1%
Zeolite concentration (PET-zel-M), added to the food, on drinking water
consumption by 18-week-old pullets. Prior to the experiment we conducted
trial by making available various amounts of water, namely: 1500, 2000 and
2500 ml, with the purpose of approximate determination of water
consumption per day, which resulted in finding out that the amount of 2000
ml of water was the best suited. The experiment lasted 21 days during which
the water consumption was daily measured for Zeolite and for the control
group. The weekly consumption of water was different to a great extent
between the groups. During the first week the control group consumed 8,700
ml, in the second week 7,850 and in the third week 9,150 ml, while the
"Zeolite" group consumed in the first week 11,300 ml, in the second week
9,800 ml and in the third week 10,350 ml. Individual birds of the control
consumed in the first week 177.5 ml, in the second week 160,2 ml and in the
third week 186.7 ml. The "Zeolite" group consumed per a bird in the first
week 230.6 ml, in the second week 200 ml and in the third week 211.3 ml.
The total consumption by the "Zeolite" group during the experiment was
31,450 ml or 211.9 ml per day, while the control group during the same
period consumed 25,700 ml or 174.8 ml of water. Uneven daily
consumption of water in the control group was much more evident than in
the "Zeolite" group.

Maligni mezoteliom kod goveda

Prašović S., Šatrović E., Beširović H.

Kratak sadržaj - U ovom radu autori opisuju slučaj malignog
mezotelioma kod goveda u našoj zemlji. Uzimajući u obzir aktuelnu
svjetsku problematiku kancerogenog dejstva azbesta, a obzirom da je u
preko 70% slučajeva azbest uzrok ovog malignog oboljenja, cilj ovog
prikaza je da se kolegama skrene pažnja, opisom našeg slučaja, na maligni
mezoteliom, tim prije što on podsjeća na TBC seroznih površina (perlsucht).
U radu ističemo osnovne karakteristike ovog malignog oboljenja, kako bi se
to imalo u vidu kod dijagnosticiranja ili barem postavljanja sumnje na to
oboljenje. Od naročitog značaja je i podatak da je ovo oboljenje slabo
poznato u javnosti, a da mu se u sadašnje vrijeme pridaje veliki značaj, kako
u veterinarskoj, tako, posebno, u humanoj medicini, zbog učestale upotrebe
azbesta kao građevinskog materijala tokom 70-ih i 80-ih godina a da se
kulminacija negativnih efekata ovog materijala očekuje između 2000. i
2010. godine ovog stoljeća.

Malignant mesothelioma in cattle

Prasovic S., Satrovic E., Besirovic H.

Summary - In this article the authors discuss a case of malignant
mesothelioma in cattle. Considering relevant problems of carcinogen
effects of asbestos, and the fact that it is the cause in more than 70%
cases of this malignant disease, the aim of this article is to attract
attention of our colleagues, and give them basic information
(characteristics) about this disease. Because the mesothelioma looks like
a TB process on the serosa, the problem is the differential diagnosis
between them. On the other side, the pathogenesis of the mesothelioma
has not been fully studied, in spite of its significance in both veterinary
and human medicine. Asbestos was used as a construction material in
the 70s and 80s, and its pathologic effects, we expect, will be much more
widespread and serious between 2000 and 2010 years.

Osvrt na introdukciju muflona u lovišta južne Hercegovine

Ibrović M., Ćutuk R., Kunovac S., Mrkulić M.

Kratak sadržaj - Naseljavanje muflona ima dugu istoriju. Prvi
primjerci su doneseni u Evropu još u 18. vijeku. U južnu Hercegovinu
naseljavanje je počelo 1975. godine, većinom u ograđene prostore. U
ovom radu je iznijet kratak pregled dosadašnjeg naseljavanja muflona
u južnu Hercegovinu. Uz korišćenje prethodnih iskustava i drugih
autora, dati su osnovni principi introdukcije i uzgoja muflona kao
atraktivne i racionalne vrste, sa preporukama za eventualna buduća
naseljavanja.
Uspjeh introdukcije zavisi od niza faktora, od kojih su najznačajniji
kvalitet i zdravstveno stanje grla, izbor i priprema staništa, te pravilne
uzgajivačke mjere i tehnička rješenja prilikom podizanja objekata.
Svakako, neophodno je osigurati dovoljno i stalno finansiranje, kako bi
se izbjegla svaka improvizacija.

A historical perspective on the introduction of mouflons into
the hunting areas of South Herzegovina

Ibrovic M., Cutuk R., Kunovac S., Mrkulic M.

Summary - Introduction of mouflons has a long history. First
specimens were brought to Europe in 18th century. In the south
Herzegovina mouflons were first inhabited, mostly in enclosures, in the
year 1975. The present paper contains a short review of mouflon
populating in south Herzegovina. Experiences of other authors are also
taken into account. Presented are basic principles of introduction and
rearing of mouflons - as an attractive species for a rational wildlife
management, with recommendations in the event a new inhabiting is
considered.
A successful introduction depends on a number of factors, the most
important of wich are the health status of the animals, selection and
preparation of the habitat, and appropriate rearing measures, as well as
proper design of the facilities. Financial resource is to be ensured on a
safe and continued basis, in order to avoid makeshift solutions.

Kako normalizirati poremećenu mikropopulaciju u
probavnom sistemu

Hadžović S.

Kratak sadržaj - Normalan odnos korisne i patogene mikropopulacije u
probavnom sistemu je izuzetno važan faktor u odvijanju procesa varenja.
Između korisne i patogene mikroipopulacije u normalnim uslovima vlada
skladan, ali osjetljiv i krhak balans. Stresna stanja, gladovanje, hladnoća ili
iscrpljenost mogu u kratkom vremenskom periodu reducirati korisnu
mikropopulaciju. Svaka poremetnja u balansu mikropopulacije, naročito kod
biljojeda, dovodi do indigestije, a kod prevage patogene mikropopulacije
dolazi do manifestnih infekcija sa svim svojim posljedicama. U takvim
stanjima neophopdno je, pored ostalog, uspostaviti normalan balans, što se u
novije vrijeme postiže, pored dobro provjerenog davanja svježeg buragovog
soka ili kvasca, još i primjenom probiotika, o čemu se u ovom članku
govori.

How to return to normalcy a disturbed micropopulation in the
alimentary system

Hadzovic S.

Summary - Normal ratio of beneficial and pathogenic
micropopulation in the intestinal tract is a factor of extraordinary
importance for the process of digestion. Under normal conditions, a
harmonious but vulnerable and fragile balance exists between beneficial
and pathogenic micropopulation. Stress situations, hunger, cold or
exhaustion can in a short time period reduce the beneficial
micropopulation. Any disturbance in the micropopulation balance,
especially in herbivores, causes indigestion, and when pathogens
prevail, infections are strongly manifested, followed by all the usual
consequences. Such situations necessiate establishing the normal
balance, which is effected in the recent time, in addition to
administering fresh ruminal fluid or yeast as a proven efficacious
means, by applying probiotics, which is the subject discussed in the
present paper.

Zoohigijenski aspekti borbe protiv BSE, slinavke i šapa,
bruceloze i Q-groznice

Gagić A.

Kratak sadržaj - Zoohigijenske mjere u procesu suzbijanja uzročnika
bolesti određene su stepenom njihove infektivnosti, načinom prenošenja i
stepenom otpornosti na uslove vanjske sredine. Sa stanovišta struke to
podrazumijeva maksimalno poznavanje bioloških karakteristika datih
uzročnika i, adekvatno tome, prilagođenu organizaciju rada službe nadležne
za poslove zaštite zdravlja životinja na širem i užem planu. Uz to osnovu za
preduzimanje i provođenje svih preventivnih i profilaktičkih mjera čini
zakonska regulativa uspostavljena od strane zvanične državne administracije
i, u postupku realizacije, kontrolisana organizovanom, a to znači:
materijalno, tehnički i finansijski obezbjeđenom državnom službom.
Naravno, izuzetno značajnu ulogu u svemu tome čini interes i motiviranost
vlasnika stoke kao i oblik njihove saradnje sa zvaničnom stručnom službom.
U radu je predstavljena paleta biosigurnosnih mjera sa akcentom na
pojedinosti i način njihove realizacije u datim uslovima. Posebno su
naglašeni i hronološki izloženi postupci u domenu date biosigurnosne mjere,
zatim neophodna sredstva rada i odgovarajuća oprema kao i mjere zaštite
stručnog i pomoćnog osoblja, postupci bezbjednog uklanjanja upotrebljenih
sredstava zaštite, neškodljivog uklanjanja uginulih životinja, potpunog ili
djelimičnog korištenja određenih proizvoda (koža i vuna), recikliranje
stajnjaka i sl.
Istaknuta je neophodnost cjelovitog provođenja biosigurnosnih mjera,
naročito prilikom importa stoke i stočarskih proizvoda.
Stečena iskustva nedvosmisleno su pokazala da improvizacije, praktično,
samo odlažu pojavu bolesti koja kasnije ugrožava ne samo importirana grla i
grla u njihovoj neposrednoj okolini, nego i cjelokupan stočni fond zemlje, a
to ima nesagledive epozootiološke i ekonomske posljedice.

Zoo-hygienic aspects of the fight against BSE, Foot-and-mouth
disease, Brucellosis and Q-fever

Gagic A.

Summary - In the process of controlling the causative agents of the
diseases, the zoo-hygienic measures are determined by their
infectiousness, the pathways of transmission and by the resistance
power to the outer environment.
From the professional standpoint, it requires expert knowledge of
biologic character of the causative agents and an adequate organization
of work of the Service in charge of animal health protection in a
narrower and a broader scope of activity. Besides, all prevention and
prophylactic measures should be based on regulations laid down by the
state administration and followed by an organized, well equipped and
financially supported state services. Also, the interest and motivation of
the owners of animals to cooperate with official professional services is
of an enormous importance.
In the paper presented is a series of bio-safety measures with detailed
description of them and the manner of their application, depending on
the existing conditions. The procedures in chronological order are
presented for each bio-safety measure, and the required supplies,
materials and equipment, measures for protection of professional and
supporting workers, procedure of the safe removal of the used
protective means, safe removal of the dead animals, complete or partial
utilization of the material (skin and hair), recycling of manure, etc.
Attention is drawn to the necessity of a full scale application of bio-
safety measures, especially at importation of animals and animal
products.
The experience has shown that improvised solutions have effect only by
way of postponing the incidence of diseases, which may, in a later
period, affect not only imported animals and those in their
neighbourhood, but also the entire stock of a country, which may have
incalculable epizootiologic and economic effects.

Zdravstveni aspekti korištenja animalnih komponenti u industrijskoj
stočnoj hrani

Gagić A., Alibegović-Zečić Fahira

Kratak sadržaj - U okvirima Evropske unije pitanje: sakupljanja,
transporta, obrade i korištenja animalnog otpada kao komponenti u
industrijskoj stočnoj hrani, regulisano je Osnovnim zakonom. Istim aktom
propisani su i standardi za izgradnju kafilerija, kontrolu proizvodnje i
proizvoda i standardi za korištenje kafilerijskom obradom dobivenih
proizvoda kao dodatka stočnoj hrani. U našoj zemlji ovo pitanje još uvijek
nije cjelovito sagledano. Neusaglašena su određena pitanja, kako sa
stručnog, tako i sa organizacionog stanovišta. Otuda proizilazi i niz
nesuglasica, bilo da je riječ o stavljanju u promet komponenti stočne hrane
animalnog porijekla, bilo samih stočarskih proizvoda.
U radu su izložena osnovna načela i principi prikupljanja (Shema 1.) i
obrade (Shema 2.) kafilerijskog otpada, kao i principi kontrole. Izložena su i
suprostavljena gledišta zagovornika i protivnika korištenja kafilerijskih
proizvoda kao komponenti u stočnoj hrani sa aspekta visokorizičnog i
specifično rizičnog otpadnog materijala.
U zaključku je izloženo da i u našoj zemlji, po uzoru na zemlje Evropske
unije, hitno i odgovorno pristupiti rješavanju ovoga pitanja adekvatnom
zakonskom regulativom.

Health aspects of utilization of animal components in
industrial feeds

Gagic A., Alibegovic-Zecic Fahira

Summary - In the countries of European Union, the issues of
collecting, transportation, processing and using the animal waste as
components in industrially produced feeds are regulated by the Basic
Act. It also regulates the standards for setting up pounds, control of
production process and the products, as well as the standards for
utilization of products from pounds for addition to feeds. In this
country these issues have not been comprehensively considered. There
are discrepancies between the professional and organizational views
regarding not only distribution of the animal components for feeds, but
the animal products as well.
In the paper set forth are the basic principles and rules for collecting
(Diagram 1.) and processing (Diagram 2.) of waste from pounds, as well
as the principles of the control.
The opposing views of those in favour and those against using of pound
products for addition to animal feeds with regard to the high risk and
their specific risk character as waste material are discussed.
In the conclusion it is put forward that there is an urgent need for
regulating these issues through adequate legislation, like it has been
done in the countries of European Union.

Značaj pravilnog uzimanja i transporta uzoraka za mikrobiološku
dijagnostiku

Rifatbegović M., Velić R.

Kratak sadržaj - Pravilno uzimanje i transport uzoraka od velikog su
značaja za adekvatnu mikrobiološku pretragu. S obzirom da u određenim
slučajevima postoje odstupanja koja znatno otežavaju ili potpuno
onemogućavaju mikrobiološku obradu dostavljenih uzoraka, autori su u
članku naveli osnovna pravila koja je potrebno poštivati da bi se
mikrobiološka pretraga obavila na adekvatan način.

The importance of proper collecting and transport of samples
for microbiologic diagnostics

Rifatbegovic M., Velic R.

Summary - Proper collecting and transport of samples are of a great
importance for reliable microbiological tests. In some cases improper
handling techniques made it difficult or even impossible to carry out
microbiological examination of the samples. This situation prompted
the authors to provide the paper with a set of rules to be followed in
order to ensure adequate microbiological tests.

"Lekovi" lijekovi za upotrebu u veterinarstvu registrirani u F
BiH

Hadžović S.

Tvornica lijekova "LEK" iz Ljubljane je odmah nakon uspostavljanja mira
podnijela zahtjev za registraciju jednog broja svojih lijekova na području F
BiH. Registracija je obavljena i ovom prilikom želimo upoznati veterinare
na terenu o kojim se lijekovima radi, iznoseći njihove najosnovnije podatke,
kako bi na taj način proširili terapijske mogućnosti.

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