Issues of of Social stratification

1. SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
Meaning, Nature and role of Education
Role of teacher in Society
by:-
Dr. Satish Kumar
Assistant Professor
Lovely school of Education
Lovely Professional University
Phagwara, Punjab, India
satishnurpur@gmail.com

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5. Social
Stratification

6. MEANING OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION:
The term stratification is derived from the
geological concept of „Strata‟ which means
rock layers created by natural processes.
Stratification is a hierarchy of positions with
regard to economic production which
influences the social rewards to those in the
positions.

7. DEFINITION___________
According Raymond W. Murray; “Social
Stratification is horizontal division of society into
„higher‟ and „lower‟ social units.”
Every society is divided into more or less distinct
groups. Even the most primitive societies had
some form of social stratification

8. Stratification describes the way in which different
groups of people are placed within society The status
of people is often determined by how society is
stratified - the basis of which can include;
* Wealth and income - This is the most common basis of
stratification
* Social class: Low, Middle, High
* Ethnicity: is a category of people who identify with each other based
on similarities such as common origin, language, history, culture
* Gender
* Political status
* Religion
*Caste system

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10. Social stratification
• classification of persons into groups based
on shared socio-economic conditions ... a
relational set of inequalities with economic,
social, political and ideological dimensions.
• It is a system by which society ranks
categories of people in different strata

11. Basic principles
• 1. Social stratification is a trait of society, not
simply a reflection of individual differences;
2. Social stratification carries over from
generation to generation;
3. Social stratification is universal but variable;
4. Social stratification involves not just
inequality but beliefs as well.

12. THE CATEGORIES OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION:
 a) Social Class:- Rich-poor,
b) Gender
c) Race
d) Age
e) Disability

13. Causes of Social Stratification
 Inequality – Inequality exists because of natural differences
in people’s abilities.
 Conflict – Stratification occurs due to conflict between
different classes, with the upper classes using superior power to take a
larger share of the social resources.
Power – Power influences one’s definition of self and the
importance of ideas in defining social situations.
Wealth – Difference in the wealth is also one of the causes of
social stratification.
Instability – Instability in the society being the cause of
social stratification enhances stability and induces members of the
society to work hard.

14. Social Stratification and Education
 Focus of education-
 1. should be on equality of educational opportunities
 2. Focusing on different segments of society (Rural
areas, deprived classes, tribal races etc.)
 3. Study the ideology, structure and process of social
inequality
 4. development of equal system of education enriched
with diversified course content to cater the needs of
various groups and sections.
 5. Diversified methods of teaching

15. Social Stratification and Education
 6. Distance education
 7. Establishment of educational institutions in remote
areas
 8. Global system of education
 9. Special provisions for education of deprived groups
 10. Promotion of multiculturalism in process of
education.

16. Teacher’s role in society
 1. teacher as an architect of our future generations
 2. imparting knowledge
 3.Inculcationof values
 4. Make student to learn life skills
 A. adjustment
 B. livelihood
 C. maintain good relationships
 5. economical development

17. Teacher’s role in society
 6. Development of personality
 7.development of good citizenship
 8. development of scientific and humanistic attitude
 9. creating awareness among society
 10. social reforms
 11. character formation
 12. agent of social change

19. Meaning and definition
 The word Diversity comes from Old French word
„diversité’ which means ‘making dissimilar’
 In the Merriam-Webster dictionary (2013) it defines
diversity as:
“the condition of having or being composed of differing
elements; especially the inclusion
of different types of people in a group or organization”.

20. Meaning and definition
The inclusion of individuals representing
more than one national origin, color,
religion, socio-economic status, etc.

21. General Concept
 Diversity means valuing the differences between people and the ways in
which those differences can contribute to a richer, more creative and more
productive working environment.
 The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect.
 It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our
individual differences.
 It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing
environment.
 It is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple tolerance to
embracing and celebrating the rich dimensions of diversity contained within
each individual.
 Diversity means understanding that each individual is unique and by
recognizing these individual differences and similarities, we add to the
richness and texture of the educational experience.

22. Diversity is about respecting individual‟s
 Race
 Culture
 National Origin
 Region
 Gender
 Age
 Marital Status
 Religion
 Ethnicity
 Disability
 Ability
 Family Structure
 Health
 Values

23. Types of Diversity
Diversity of Climate
Diversity of Region
Diversity of Religion
Diversity of Languages
Diversity of Culture
Diversity of traditions
Diversity of habits {Dressing, eating}
Diversity of Ideologies

24. Nature of Diversity
Natural diversity
Man made diversity
It‟s a universal phenomenon
Its dynamic in nature
Its relative to time, space and society
Diverse in magnitude
Affecting social life
Determinant of social behaviour

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27. Meaning of Marginalized
Groups
 The concept of Marginalized Groups is generally used to
analyse socioeconomic, political, and cultural spheres,
where disadvantaged people struggle to gain access to
resources and full participation in social life.
 In other words, marginalized people might be socially,
economically, politically and legally ignored, excluded, or
neglected.

28. Nature of Marginalized
Groups
 marginalization is a multidimensional
 multi-caused
 historical phenomenon
 Confined to a lower or outer limit or edge, as of social standing
 There are no general laws to understand and comprehend the
complex nature of marginalization
 Marginalization can be due to class, in relation to specific
social, cultural, economic and political conditions, as well as
ideological systems, social awareness, and human action

29. Nature of Marginalized Groups
 Marginalized Groups vary in different settings. The religious,
ecological system, patriarchy, political economy of a country,
and the overall social system have an impact on the
marginalization of specific groups or an individual.
 Marginalized also varies from culture to culture
 Marginalized Groups happen simultaneously at the micro and
macro levels
 Marginalized Groups occurs at different levels, i.e. group,
community, and global

30. Types of Marginalized
Groups
 Socially Deprived/ Marginalized Groups
 There are those born into marginal groupings e.g., lower
castes in India, or members of ethnic groups suffer
discrimination.
 This marginality is typically for life.
 They are deprived of access to resources, such as,
economic, educational, cultural, and other support
systems.
 This creates social isolation and limits their participation
in the development process.

31. Types of Marginalized
Groups
 Economically Deprived/ Marginalized Groups
 Economic marginalization” means being unimportant to
the economy.
 Some individuals or groups can be marginalized from the
rest of the economy.
 The sources and amount of their income varies. Poverty
and economic marginalization have both direct and
indirect impact on people‟s health and wellbeing.

32. Types of Marginalized
Groups
 Politically Deprived/ Marginalized Groups
 Political marginalization does not allow the group to
participate democratically in decision making, and, hence,
they lose their right to every social, economic, and
political benefit.
 In every society, lack of political empowerment affects
large sections of people, including women, ethnic
minorities, migrants, and disabled persons.

33. Most vulnerable Marginalized
Groups
 Women
 People with Disabilities
 Minority
 Caste Groups
 Race groups
 Tribes

34. Role of Education
 Create awareness
 Equality of educational opportunities
 Scholarships
 Reservation
 Elimination of superstitions
 Empowerment
 Change in mentality of society
 Increases employment
 Promote social justice