2. WHAT IS DATA MIGRATION?
▪ In an SAP R/3 implementation the data from legacy system (non SAP
R/3) needs to be transferred to the SAP system
▪ Periodic data transfer between R/3 and other system (interfacing) is
also required
▪ Both of the above form a part of data migration
3. SIGNIFICANCE OF DATA MIGRATION
• Data migration comes in the end of R/3 implementation.
• To start with Data Migration first configuration should be fully
completed
• Data migration is about 20% to 40% of the total implementation
expenses.
4. DATA MIGRATION TOOLS
The tools for data migration are:-
▪ BDC (Batch Data Communication)
▪ LSMW (Legacy System Migration Workbench)
5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BDC & LSMW
▪ LSMW offers different technique for migrating data: Direct
input, BAPI, Idoc, Batch input recording. While BDC
basically uses batch input sessions and CALL TRANSACTION
method.
▪ Limit on number of records which can be uploaded in one
session of BDC (999 records). No such limit in LSMW.
▪ LSMW is more to do with configuration while BDC involves
programming.
6. WHAT IS LSMW?
▪ The LSM Workbench is an R/3-based tool that supports you when transferring data from
- Non-SAP systems ("Legacy Systems") to R/3
- Once or Periodically.
▪ The tool supports conversion of data
▪ The data can be imported into the R/3 system via
- Batch Input
- Direct Input
- BAPI’s
- IDocs.
7. LSMW
The LSM Workbench is a tool that supports data transfer from non-
SAP systems to R/3. The main functions of the LSM Workbench are:
- Import data (legacy data in spreadsheet tables and/or sequential
files)
- Convert data (from source format to target format)
- Import data (into the database of the R/3 application)
8. PRINCIPLES OF LSM WORKBENCH
▪ Basic Principles of LSM workbench:-
▪ Most of the functions should reside in R/3. No collection of individual programs
on different platforms.
▪ The quality and consistence of the data imported into R/3 should be more
important than speed and performance of data migration.
▪ Existing knowledge and coding should be used.
▪ The developed ”mapping" and rules should be reusable and thus be used
repeatedly in projects.
9. FEATURES OF LSMW
▪ Features:-
➢Integrated in R/3 and thus independent of individual platforms
➢The import technique to be used in an individual case, depends on the business object as well
as on the availability of standard input programs
➢Data consistency due to standard import techniques:
▪ Batch input
▪ Direct input
▪ BAPIs (Business Application Programming Interfaces)
▪ IDocs (Intermediate Documents)
➢Structured way of working, because you have to finish every step before starting the next step
11. PRE-REQUISITES FOR LSMW
▪ Make sure that SAP customizing is finished.
▪ Run the relevant transaction in the SAP system manually with test data from the
legacy system and see which fields must be filled. There may be required fields that do
not correspond to data fields in the legacy system. In such a case, one should better
assign a fixed value or establish an optional field for data transfer.
▪ Map the fields in advance in written form: Assign the source fields to the target fields.
▪ Determine the form in which non-SAP data will be transferred into the SAP system
(e.g. via "Move" or according to a rule).
12. IMPORT METHODS…
Preferred methods of input are described in order of preference:
1. IDOC’s
Advantages: Fast to load, easy processing, low programming for
standard IDOC’s
Disadvantages: Good knowledge of IDOC processing required, time
consuming if changes have to be made to a created IDOC
2. BAPI’s
Advantages: Fast to load, easy processing, logical interface for
functional/end user based on the business processes involved.
Disadvantages: Not always complete with all input fields of a
transaction
13. IMPORT METHODS…
3. Standard/Direct Input
Advantages: Well tested method, Fast to load, easy processing.
Disadvantages: No enjoy transactions, not always complete with all input fields
of a transaction.
4. Batch Input
Advantages: Easy modifiable, all fields are available, easy re-processing.
Disadvantages: Comparatively slow, to use new screens or tabs a new recording
has to be created, not easily usable for enjoy transactions, dependant on user
settings, difference in foreground and background processing may occur.
14. GETTING STARTED
Here is an example showing the way to use the conversion tool LSMW in SAP. It starts in
the start-up screen of LSMW transaction and ends with a screen on which the results of
the conversion are displayed
If you want to create or change objects, make sure that you are working in change mode.
To activate this mode, click Change in the corresponding processing step. Only this mode
provides all functions required for changing objects
15. STEP 1 - ENTER TRANSACTION LSMW
Enter the transaction code (LSMW) or add this transaction to your favourites (right-click with your mouse
on the Favourites map in the start menu and choose Insert transaction, type lsmw and press enter), since
LSMW is an additional transaction, it is not available in the standard SAP menu.
16. STEP 2 – PROJECT, SUBPROJECT, OBJECTS
At the initial screen, you can create a new project, corresponding subprojects and
objects via Edit -> Create new entry. Alternatively you can select from an existing
project
▪ Project: An ID with a maximum of 10 characters to name your data transfer
project. If you want to transfer data from several legacy systems, you may create a
project e.g. for every legacy system
▪ Subproject: An ID with a maximum of 10 characters that is used as further
structuring attribute
▪ Object: An ID with a maximum of 10 characters to name the business object
17. STEP2 CONTD..
- At the initial screen, ‘All Objects’ provides a list of all projects created already.
- ‘My Objects’ displays a list of all objects you created personally
- ‘All Project Objects’ displays all objects of the selected project as tree structure.
- ‘Project Documentation’ displays any documentation written for the individual pop-ups and
processing steps. You can print the project documentation out, send it and save it in various file
formats.
- Select ‘Documentation’ to enter your notes. After clicking, a popup is displayed in which you
can write down your personal documentation.
18. By clicking the button execute or pressing the F8 key on
your keyboard you go to the object, you selected.
By clicking the button create a new object for the
selected project and subproject with the name entered in the
object field is created.
By positioning the cursor on an entry and clicking on the
button documentation, you can add change or delete
comments.
INITIAL SCREEN
19. ADMINISTRATION - LIST OF EXISTING PROJECTS
In the initial screen, you can display the administration functions via the menu
path Goto Administration. Here you can find a list of all existing projects.
It enables you to create, process, display, delete, copy or rename projects,
subprojects, objects and reusable rules.
By double-clicking on an entry you can branch to the entry display.
Project
Subproject
Object
20. STEP 3 – EXECUTE
Once the project and subproject along with the object are
determined we execute to find the list of steps to be
performed for data transfer
22. PROCESS STEPS
▪ The number of process steps is dynamic and shall depend on factors like input method
▪ By clicking the ‘User menu’ button one can select – deselect the Process steps
▪ To proceed through the processing steps one needs to start from the first one and
execute each of them
▪ A step can be skipped by selecting the next available processing steps’ radio button
23. MAINTAIN OBJECT ATTRIBUTES
Choose
if the
data
transfe
r is
once or
periodi
c
Choose
method for
input of data.
If Batch input recording is
selected one can enter
further recordings by
clicking at the arrow
In the method
to input data
from a BAPI,
one needs to
select the
Business Object
and the
corresponding
method.
24. APPLICATION TOOLBAR IN PROCESS STEPS
User Menu: Here you can make an individual selection from the displayed processing steps. Pressing button ‘Main steps’ automatically activates all
processing steps mandatory for a data conversion.
Numbers On or Off: You can activate or deactivate the numbering of the individual processing steps.
Double click = Display or Double click = Change: Here, you can determine whether display mode or change mode is selected by double clicking.
Object overview: Displays all object information for the selected object.
Information includes object information, source structures, target structures, structure relations, source fields, target fields, field mapping.
Action log: Displays a detailed overview for all processing steps already carried out. You can reset the action log via the menu path Extras -> Reset
Action Log. This action is stored with a reference to the user and the date.
25. In the step ‘Maintain Source Structures’ you define the structures of the object with name, description and the hierarchical
relationships:
Click on Change button. You can now define, change, reassign or delete structures. All these functions are available via pushbuttons.
When you define more than one structure, a popup is displayed querying the relations between the structures: equal/subordinate?
Note: For migration objects created via transaction recording, you may only define one structure per recording, since only one flat
target structure per recording is available.
MAINTAIN SOURCE STRUCTURES
26. MAINTAIN SOURCE FIELDS
In the step ‘Maintain Source Fields’, fields are created and maintained for the source structure
defined in the preceding step
Use source fieldnames with the same names as the target fieldnames as much as possible,
because it allows you to use the ‘auto-field mapping’ function in step 5 ‘Maintain field mapping
and conversion rules’.
27. MAINTAIN SOURCE FIELDS
Different possible ways of defining and maintaining the source fields:
Make sure that you are in change mode and the cursor is positioned on a source structure or an existing
source field
1. Create Individual source fields - By clicking on the button ‘Create source field’ you can specify the field
name, field label, field length and field type
During data read, you can specify whether date values are converted into the internal date format
(YYYYMMDD) and amount fields are converted into the calculation format (1234.56)
‘Selection Parameter’ can be set during Read/Convert data. If you select this indicator, the corresponding
field is made available as selection parameter when reading or converting data.
2. Maintain Source Fields in Table Form – Clicking on the ‘Table Maintenance’ button displays the fields in a
tabular format.
28. MAINTAIN SOURCE STRUCTURE… CONTD
Different possible ways of defining and maintaining the source fields:
▪ 3. Copy Source Fields from Other Sources : By selecting ‘Copy Source Fields’ displays the following options:
- Upload (Text separated with Tabs) – The source field description is stored in a text file the columns of which are separated
by tabs
- Copy from Another Object – Source field can be copied from source structure of another object
- Copy from Data Repository – Source field can be copied from a structure in SAP Data Repository
- From Data File (Field Name in 1 Line) - Source fields can be copied from a data file which should be stored on the PC in the
form of text separated by tabs and contain the fields in the first line.
29. MAINTAIN STRUCTURE RELATIONS
➢ In the step ‘Maintain Structure Relations’, the structural relationships between source and target
structures are defined. The possible target structures are defined during the selection of the object
type and the import technique
➢ To define structural relationships, position the cursor on the field target structures. Clicking create
Relationship button opens a window that displays the existing source structures for selection
➢ If you want to change the relation, remove the existing relation first. In addition, you can use Check
to check the structural relationships for errors
30. MAINTAIN FIELD MAPPING & CONVERSION RULES
▪ In the step ‘Maintain Field Mapping and Conversion Rules’, you assign source fields to target
fields and define how the field contents will be converted
▪ All fields of target structure, which you selected in the previous step, will be displayed.
▪ For each target field the following information is displayed:
- Field description
- Assigned source fields (if any)
- Rule type (fixed value, translation etc.)
- Coding
31. MAINTAIN FIELD MAPPING & CONVERSION RULES
Layout determination
➢ The layout of the ‘Maintain field mapping’ screen can be
determined. i.e. we can decide whether the ‘Global data’,
‘Technical fields’ should be displayed
32. MAINTAIN FIELD MAPPING & CONVERSION RULES
➢ To assign a source field, position the cursor on a
target field in the tree structure and select Assign
source field.
➢This displays a list of all available source fields for
selection. You can assign the fields by double-
clicking on them as well
33. MAINTAIN FIELD MAPPING & CONVERSION RULES
➢After assigning the source fields, you define the conversion
rules. The default rule is ‘Move’. However, you can select
various standard techniques via pushbutton:
This deletes the coding
assigned to the target field.
In addition, source fields
assigned to the target fields
are removed as well.
The target
field is
assigned a
fixed value
The data is transferred using
ABAP command ‘Move’
A ‘fixed value object’ (variable) named
FV_<fixed value> is assigned to the
target field. This fixed value object is
filled with an actual value in step
‘Maintain Fixed Values, Translations,
User-Defined Routines’.
The target field is assigned
coding carrying out field
contents conversion using
a translation table
34. MAINTAIN FIELD MAPPING & CONVERSION RULES
By clicking this button, after clicking once on a target field (in blue), LSMW displays the list of available source fields, by
choosing one the standard rule ‘move’ is used to link the 2 fields
By clicking this button, after clicking once on a target field (in blue), the source field is deleted from the target field
By clicking this button, the display of this step can be changed. There are possibilities to show or hide several aspects of the field
mapping
By clicking this button, a syntax check is performed for the conversion program, generated from the field mapping
These 3 buttons, which are available for every target field, display the help function (‘I’), the possible entries (?) and
the last one displays the documentation in LSMW
35. MAINTAIN FIXED VALUES, TRANSLATIONS…
In the step ‘Maintain Fixed Values, Translations, User-Defined Routines’, you can
process the reusable rules of a project, which are defined at project level, so they
are the same for all objects
➢Fixed value: Here you can specify the length, type flag for lowercase/uppercase
and value in addition to the name of the field.
➢Translation: Here you can enter information on the source field and the target
field. If you are creating a new translation you have to save data first before you
can change it
➢User Defined Routines: This routine can be re-used in other objects of the
project. The system adds in ‘ur_’ to the name that you suggest to use for this
routine. It opens up an editor wherein you can enter your ABAP code
36. PROCESS STEP- SPECIFY FILE
In the step ‘Specify Files’, you describe all files to be used
If your legacy data is on the PC: In change mode, position the cursor on the line ‘Legacy data On the PC (Front-end)’. Select Add entry. A popup is displayed.
Specify file path, file name and description and other properties
➢If your legacy data is on the R/3 server: In change mode, position the cursor on the line ‘ Legacy data On the R/3 server (application server)’. Select Add
entry. A popup is displayed. Specify file path, file name and description and other properties
➢File for Imported data: Here, the file name is entered with file extension ’.lsmw.read’.
➢File for Converted data: Here, the file name is entered with file extension ’.lsmw.conv’. This file
will contain all your converted data after applying the conversion rules if any.
37. PROCESS STEP – ASSIGN FILE
In the step ‘Assign Files’, you can assign the file name in step 7 declared as source file to the target structure defined in step 2 .
If you click on the Assign File button, after clicking once on a target structure (in yellow), LSMW displays the list of
available source files.
If you click on the Delete Assignment button, after clicking once on a target structure (in yellow), the source file is
deleted from the target structure.
38. PROCESS STEP – READ DATA
In the step ’Read Data’, the file specified in previous step is, as linked to the target structures
in . Even though you can select a range of transaction numbers, the whole file is being read,
only the amount of transactions written is influenced. So for tests it is easier to read all data
and convert only a certain range, because in that step the program stops after finishing the
range.
39. PROCESS STEP – DISPLAY READ DATA
In the step ‘Display Read Data’, you can display the read data, choosing to show all read data
or an interval as shown above. The data are shown as the source structures, in case more
source structures are being used in one transaction, the hierarchy of the transaction is
displayed by the use of a different colour legend. By clicking on one of the lines, you proceed
to the field level of the line, where you can check the read data as shown below.
40. PROCESS STEP – CONVERT DATA
In the step ‘Convert Data’, works like the step ‘read data’, but uses the conversion program
instead of the read program. You can define a range of transactions to be converted, at the
end of this range the conversion program stops running.
Note: It is recommended that when you load big amount of data in production, load the first
10 records so that you can check and change when necessary.
41. PROCESS STEP - DISPLAY CONVERTED DATA
In the step ‘Display Converted Data’, you can display the converted data, choosing to show all
converted data or an interval as shown above. The data are shown as the target structures, in
case more target structures are being used in one transaction, the hierarchy of the
transaction is displayed by the use of a different colour legend. By clicking on one of the lines,
you proceed to the field level of the line, where you can check the converted data as shown
below.
42. PROCESS STEP
After the step ‘Display Converted Data’ the exact content of the next steps may differ, depending on the
import technique that you have chosen in step 1. The steps displayed by the program for the different
import techniques are:
➢Standard batch input or recording:
Generate batch input session
Run batch input session
➢Standard direct input:
Start direct input session
➢BAPI or IDoc:
Start IDoc creation
Start IDoc processing
Create IDoc overview
Start IDoc post-processing
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