This document discusses the four main types of organic macromolecules: lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Lipids are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and some oxygen and serve functions like energy storage, insulation, cushioning organs, and acting as hormones. Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and make up things like hair, skin, and nails. Carbohydrates contain sugars and starches. Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA, with DNA containing an organism's genetic code and RNA assisting in protein synthesis.

2. They’re Organic!!!

3. What’s an organic molecule??
• Compounds made up of hydrocarbons
• Carbon and Hydrogen atoms!!
• Living/once living (YOU are Organic!)
• (Not CO2. It’s a gas!!!!!)

5. A very, very large
molecule!!

9. ALL four can be found in food!!
Think about it!!

10. Look at the label to the left.
3 of the 4 macromolecules
are labeled!!
1____________________
2____________________
3____________________
(0 grams in this product)
(13 grams in this product)
(9 grams in this product)

15. Lipids
Mostly C,H and some O

16. STORED ENERGY  Broken down for energy
They INSULATE the body to help maintain normal
body temperature and they
CUSHION the internal organs for protection.
Include waxes, Oils
include steroids such as cholesterol and the sex
hormones estrogen and testosterone
Anabolic steroids build muscle
They waterproof surfaces of animals, plants, and
fruits- these are waxes!
THINK: Waterproof, insulate, steroids, energy,
cushion…

17. LIPIDS

18. Fat Made up of fatty acid monomers –
Glycerides that have a Glycerol Backbone
(Circled) and a Fatty Acid Tail(s)
Mostly C, H with some O

19. Proteins
Made up of Mostly C, H, O and
N (Some Sulfur)

20. Proteins

21. Proteins
Aside from the protein found in animal
sources…protein can also be found in fruits,
vegetables, grains, and nuts. (it just does not
have as many amino acids)

23. Hair, Skin, and Nails

25. The 4th type is
NUCLEIC ACIDS
The types of Nucleic Acids
–DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid)
–RNA (RiboNucleic Acid)

26. **Monomers are called Nucleotides

27. “DNA” is short for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
**Your genetic makeup!!

29. “DNA” is short for
Ribonucleic Acid
**Works with DNA to create
proteins

31. RNA DNA
 Single-
Stranded
 Nitrogen
bases
Adenine (A),
Cytosine (C),
Guanine (G),
Uracil (U)
 Remember NO
Thymine (T)
 Ribose sugar
 Double-
Stranded
double helix
 Nitrogen
bases
Adenine (A),
Cytosine (C),
Guanine (G),
Thymine (T)
 Remember
NO Uracil (U)
 Deoxy-ribose
sugar

32. Remember How DNA and RNA Molecules are Involved in
Protein Synthesis?? Transcription and Translation?
*DNA
*mRNA
*At ribosome
*tRNA Brings in Amino
Acids
*Amino Acids form the
protein (a polypeptide)