A presentation on Flapping Foil Propulsion.

1. Presented By:-
FLAPPING FOIL PROPULSION
SYSTEM FOR SHIPS
AND UNDERWATER VEHICLES
Sharat Mathew
Reg. No. 12020019

2. 2Saturday, 10 October 2015
Abstract
From ancient time onwards, humans have been depending
on marine propulsion systems for various purposes. As time
advanced marine propulsion systems have also undergone
various advancements. In present scenario, we have a
number of marine propulsion systems such as diesel and gas
turbine propulsion systems. The major disadvantages in
common to all these propulsion systems are variable and low
efficiencies and less eco-friendly. This presentation deals
with the use of flapping foil propulsion system in ships and
underwater vehicles. Flapping foil is a highly flexible
polyurethane structure which mimics the propulsion modes
of living beings which are supposed to be more efficient and
nature blending. It is found that flapping foil propulsion
systems helps in increasing the efficiency and proves to be
eco-friendly.
Keywords : Marine Propulsion, Ship, Underwater Vehicle, Flapping Foil.

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Contents
 Introduction
 Principle of Marine Propulsion
 Different types of Propulsion Systems
 There Common Disadvantages
 Why Flapping Foil?
 What is Flapping Foil?
 Flapping Foil in Ships
 Flapping Foil in UWV
 Conclusion
 References

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Introduction
 Marine Propulsion systems fall into three
categories
i. Human Propulsion
ii. Sailing
iii. Mechanical Propulsion
 In this, Human propulsion and Sailing systems were
dominant form of propulsion until the 19th century.
 Mechanical propulsion systems generally consist of
a motor or engine turning a propeller or an
impeller or wave propulsion fins.
 Due to there certain disadvantages new modes of
propulsion systems where needed to be used.

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Principle of Marine Propulsion
 A ship moves through the water using propelling
devices , such as paddle wheels or propellers.
 These devices impart velocity to a column of
water and moves it in the opposite direction in
which it is desired to move the ship.
 A force, called reactive force because it reacts to
the force of the column of water, is developed
against the velocity-imparting device.
 This force, also called thrust, is transmitted to the
ship and causes the ship to move through the
water.

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Principle of Marine Propulsion

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Different types of Propulsion
Systems
 Diesel propulsion system
 Wind propulsion system
 Nuclear propulsion system
 Gas turbine propulsion system
 Fuel cell propulsion system
 Biodiesel fuel propulsion system
 Solar propulsion system
 Steam turbine propulsion system
 Diesel electric propulsion system
 Water jet propulsion system
 Gas fuel or tri fuel propulsion system

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Diesel Propulsion System
 Diesel propulsion system is the most commonly
used marine propulsion system converting
mechanical energy from thermal forces.

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Gas Turbine Propulsion System
 Gas turbine propulsion is used for naval as well as
non-naval ships. In case of naval ships, the gas
turbine propulsion system aids in faster movement
of the ships which is necessary in case of the ship
coming under attack.

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Common Disadvantages
 Variable and Low efficiency- Thermal efficiencies
are lower for similar power and varies with
ambient temp.a
 Less Eco Friendly- Various harmful emissions such
as CO, NOX, SOX, volatile organic compounds and
particulate matter.
 Underwater Noise and Unwanted Vibration.
 Some sources are not reliable at all time - Wind
and Solar.

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Why Flapping Foil?
 In order to make the ship more efficient and eco-
friendly.
 The propulsive systems of living beings are
expected to be the most efficient and nature
blending.
 Flaps are made flexible which enable it to have a
variable angle of movement.
 Combined flapping and undulation mode
propulsion systems for underwater vehicles have
advantages such as ecologically pure, and higher
efficiency.

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What is Flapping Foil?
 It is a structure made of polymer.
 It is highly flexible.
 Commonly made of polyurethane.
 Flexible flaps are chosen because they are found
to be more efficient than rigid one.
 The concept of this have been came from
movement of the fish.
 They are having more durability.

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Flapping Foil in Ships
Flapping Foil 2D Stimulation..

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Flapping Foil in Ships
Mechanism..

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Flapping Foil in Ships
Flapping Foil during the two strokes..

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Flapping Foil in Ships

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Flapping Foil in Ships
Advantages..
 Lower underwater noise.
 Better maneuverability at low ship speeds.
 Higher efficiency.

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Flapping Foil in Under Water
Vehicle
 Flapping foil uwv contains 4 foils one pair at the
bow and another at the stern.
 The foils are driven by separate actuators ,196w
and a 15w dc brush motor.
 The vehicle is connected to a LAN, there by
controlled from the surface.

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Flapping Foil in Under Water
Vehicle
Two views of flapping foils UWV
TOP VIEWSIDE VIEW

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Flapping Foil in Under Water
Vehicle

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Flapping Foil in Under Water
Vehicle
Advantages..
 Good scalability and flexibility.
 Can be operated at dynamic environment.
 High maneuverability.
 Easily controlled.

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Conclusion
 So it can be concluded that Flapping foil in ship
and underwater are more eco friendly.
 It can also increase the propulsive efficiency by
more than 40%.
 Further improvement in design in flapping foils
and mechanism could increase the efficiency and
speed in ships as well as in UWV.

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References
 “Oscillating foils for ship propulsion J. Mattheijssens” 1, J.-P.
Marcel1, W. Bosschaerts1, D. Lefeber2 1Royal Military
Academy, Department MECA Renaissancelaan 30-1050 Brussel
2Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Robotics and Multibody Mechanics
Group Pleinlaan 2-1050 Brussel, 2012
 “Design and Projected Performance of a Flapping Foil AUV”
StephenLicht,VictorPolidoro,MelissaFlores,FranzS.Hover,Associa
teMember,IEEE,andMichaelS.Triantafyllou, 2004
 “Hydrodynamics of fishlike swimming”, Triantafyllou,M.S,
Triantafyllou,G.S.,Yue,D.K.P.,2000, An. Review Fluid Mech. 32.
 “Marine propulsion in waves by flapping-foil systems” Kostas
A. Belibassakis, School of Naval Architecture and Marine
Engineering National Technical University of Athens Heroon
Polytechniou 9, Zografos 15773, Athens, 2015
 “Maneuvering Hydrodynamics of Fish and Small Underwater
Vehicles”,1 Promode R. Bandyopadhyay2 Propulsion,
Hydrodynamics and Silencing Division, Naval Undersea Warfare
Center, Newport, Rhode Island 02841, 2002
 “Different types of marine propulsion systems”- Wikipedia

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THANKS TO EVERYONE.