This presentation represents some of the prominent Flora and Fauna of Gilgit Baltistan. It covers the eatable plants, the woody plants, and most importantly, the medicinal plants of Gilgit Baltistan. It also shows the significant wild species' life and the species that will go extinct shortly.
2. Topics for discussion
1.Geographic Location of Gilgit Baltistan
2.Kind of Species
3.Flora of Gilgit Baltistan
4. Medicinal Plants
5. Fruits Flora of Gilgit Baltistan
6. Economically Importance plants of Gilgit –Baltistan.
7. Endangered plants species of Gilgit Baltistan
8.Fauna of Gilgit Baltistan
9. Reasons of Endangered species
10. Conservation of Animal species
3. Defining
Biology
Geography of Gilgit Baltistan
It borders Azad Kashmir to the
south, the province of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa to the west, the
Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan to
the north, the Xinjiang region of
China, to the east and northeast,
Having 10 Districts with three
dividions . The temperature of Gilgit
Baltistan is cold in winter and the
mountains become covered with
snow.
The climate of Gilgit-Baltistan varies
from region to region, since the
surrounding mountain ranges create
sharp variations in weather. The
eastern part has the moist zone of
the western Himalayas, but going
toward Karakoram and Hindu Kush,
the climate gets considerably drier.
It is a hub to many animal and plant
species according to their habitat.
5. Flora of Gilgit Baltistan
Apple , pomegranates ,
almound, wallnet,
graphes , peache, palm ,
cherry and many more
Fruits
cedar, chinar etc
Wooden and Fruit
Trees
Rheum , seabuck thorn ect
medicinals plants
Flora of Gilgit Baltistan is divided into three categories
he flora and fauna of the Gilgit-Baltistan are unique because of their natural ecological zones there are 1,000 species of
vascular plants are known to occur in northern mountain regions of Pakistan. Most of endemic plants are found in the
northern mountains. Medicinal plants are important source of drugs for the treatment of various ailments of human kind.
Out of 5,700 plant species in Pakistan, 400-600 species are considered to have medicinal use in unani and other
medicines Rural people especially poor households also extract and process medicinal plants to meet their daily needs
such as fodder, medicine and shelter.
6. Medicinal plants
Its Local name: Bouring
Following are the benefits of this plant:
• Rich in various vitamins e.g A, C, K E)
• Act as antioxidants
• Protect againt aging and
• illnesses like cancer and
• heart disease
This plant is present in the hilly and
mountainous areas of Gilgit Baltistan. It is a
type of throne locals used this plant as
barrier for their fields. It helps in the
protection of small plants from animals
It produces a berries type fruits are sour in
taste. It have nutritional benefits as well as
health benefits
7. Biology 1
Ephedra
Its local name Varies according to areas like in
Ghizer District it is called Sumani in Khowar
language .
Following are the beneficial used of this plant in
improving health.
It is used to treat asthma Bronchitis, hay fever, cold ,
flu, nasal, congestion, cough and chill
Economic importance
Ephedra is a low evergreen shrub with small scaly
leaves. It is present in desert type areas where
water is not abundant. Most in barren and
uncultivated land. It is mostly used by local to
make fire fuel in summers by drying it in the sun.
its stems are collected and used to extract a pack
for face. It helps in improving skin tone and
complexion
8. Berberis Lycium
It is a small shrub type plant which mostly present in
upper part of Ghizer District And Gojal District .
It have tiny berries of brown colour. Its leaves are sour
in taste
Its local name varies according to the area in khowar it
is called chuonxoo it is mostly found in hilly and
desert-type land
Following are the beneficial uses of this plant:
uses: use for the treatment of jaundice, diabetes, eye
infections, fractured bones, internal wounds, diarrhea,
rheumatism, stomachache, and its use as a general
body tonic.
9. Rheum
This plant is a type of herb it is found
mostly in the mountain of Gilgit Baltistan. It
is sour and tasty in taste. Its stem is eatable
. Its local name varies according to the area
where it is found in khowar it is called
Ishpar.Its Location mountains of Ghizer
and Shimshal valley
Following are its uses in improving health:
• Cathartic , Anti inflammatory
• Antioxidant
10. Famous fruits Flora of Gilgit
Baltistan
Cherry tree is mostly found through out Gilgit
Baltistan Except the mountainous areas . It is
delicious fruit and it also enhances the beauty
of the landscape. In urdu it is called Cherry but
local names varies according to the areas . In
khowar language it is called Glass. It plays both
nutritional and health improving role. People
get benefited by selling it in its season and
improve their economy
11. Pomegranates
Pomegranates are round, red fruits. They feature a white inner
flesh that’s densely packed with crunchy, juicy edible seeds called
arils. pomegranates are low in calories and fat but high in fiber,
vitamins, and minerals. They also contain some protein. It is found in
some villages of District Ghizer and main city Gilgit. Its local name
varies according to the areas. In Urdu it is called ANAAR. In khowar
language it is called Dallum
Two types
• sweet taste
• Sour taste
12. Graphes
Grapes tree is the most beautiful tree of Gilgit Baltistan . It is
found in areas where temperature is moderate mostly found
in villages of Ghizer and main city .You may find them in
various colors, including green, red, black, yellow, and pink.
They come in multiple forms, too, from raisins to jellies to
juice. Seeded and seedless varieties also exist. It may
improve health of heart , also help to lower blood sugar. In
Urdu it is called Anghor. Its local names varies to the area in
khower it is called Druch types of Graphes :
• white
• Black
• Brown
13. Apple
Apple is most abundant fruit tree of
Gilgit Baltistan found through out the
districts following are the most
impressive health benefits of apple
are listed as:
• May support weight loss.
• Could be good for your heart.
• Linked to a lower risk of diabetes.
• May promote gut health.
• Might help prevent cancer.
• Could help fight asthma.
• May help protect your brain.
Urdu name : SAAP
In khowar : PALOUGH
14. Apricot
Apricot tree is also abundant found tree in Gilgit
Baltistan it is the most beneficial tree in sense of
improving economy because locals used to make
jam from its fresh fruit , its nuts ( kernels) are
important in extracting natural oil which is used for
different purposes like cooking , cosmetics. It Local
Name varies accoding to the area: jirote ,jhuli. In
urdu it is called khubani
Local used to dry apricot through several methods
and preserve for winter to enjoy its delicious taste as
a dry fruits
15. Economically
Importance plants of
Gilgit -Baltistan
Local people used to sell cherry in season and earn money
1 .Cherry Apple, pomegranate
Locals used to sell and also a juice through fermentation
process and store the juice for winter
2. Grapes
Local used to dry the peanut of these plants and make specail
choclate through local procedure and sold to tourist and earn money
e.g kilawoo
3. Apricote , Almound , wallnet
4. wooden plants
used for shelter, burning fuel ,furniture
16. Endangered plants species
of Gilgit Baltistan
Astragalus clarkeanus Ali
main Threat Factors are
Anthropogenic Impacts
• Grazing
• Deforestation
Natural Impacts
• soil Erosion
• Avalanche
18. Markhor
This animal lives in the mountains in
summers and in winters they come
lower elevation for living purposes
• Markhor is the National Animal of
Pakistan
• Locals hunt Markhor because of its
delicious and healthier meat.
• The meat of markhor is best source
of minerals because they live in
mountains and eat the rocks
• source of meat for locals
19. Marco polo sheep
Their habitat is the mountainous regions of Skudu , swat .
Marco Polo sheep are distinguishable mostly by their large
size and spiraling horns. Their conservation status is "near
threatened" and efforts have been made to protect their
numbers and keep them from commercial hunting. It has
also been suggested that crossing them with domestic
sheep could have agricultural benefits . Locals hunt
marcopolo sheep for meat purpose. Their horns are used for
decoration purpose .these are some of the location where its
presences has been observed
extreme northern Hunza
• Kilik ,
• Khunjerab passes
• China
20. Snow leopard
Snow leopards have evolved to live
in some of the harshest conditions
on Earth. Their thick white-gray
coat spotted with large black
rosettes blends in perfectly with
Asia’s steep and rocky, high
mountains. Because of their
incredible natural camouflage,
rendering them almost invisible in
their surroundings, snow leopards
are often referred to as the “ghost
of the mountains.
21. Wolf
wolves, are canines with long bushy tails that
are often black-tipped. Their coat color is
typically a mix of gray and brown with buffy
facial markings and undersides, but the color
can vary from solid white to brown or black.
They are found throughout the hilly areas of
• The Northern area
• They hunt Domestic livestock
• They lives in caves , mountains
22. Yak
Yak is the most beautiful and large
mammal of Gilgit Baltistan. This Animal is
huge in shape and beautiful in
appearance having two horns.
Found mostly in natural environment and
are herbivores. Following are the location
where its presence are seen
• Found at Shimshal valley
• Phander valley , Barsat
• Its Meat is eatable
• used for local convence
• in some areas
23. Trout Fish
Trout fish is the beauty of the Ghizer valley
and most demanding species of the area.
Its meat is delicious surplus healthier.
Most commonly found in :
• Phander valley , Hundarap valley
• They play an important role in Attracting
Tourist.
25. Reasons of
Endangered
species
• Climate Change and
increased temparature
Climate change and increasing
temperatures have caused fast
degradation of the bio-tops in
these mountain
• Intra and inter competition
Due to food shortage
• Hunting
Marcopolosheep and markhor
26. Conservation of
Animal species
1.Establishment of National parks
Deosai Park , Khunjerab Park
2.Establishment of local
conservation committees
5. Be a responsible tourist
do not leaves litter behind when
you travel to Himalayas . Plastic
bottles packaging wrappers cause
hovoc to the Ecosystem
4. band to buy endangered
species product
