here discussing about nuclear science

1. NUCLEAR ENERGY
NAME & IDGUIDED BY:
Dr. A k M Alamgir
Associate Professor
Department Of EEE
• Shibbir Ahamad-(181-33-4529).
• Rejan Ahamad-(181-33-4545).
• MihrajulAdnan-(181-33-4453).
• Mahamudul Hasan-(181-33-4432).
• Mohammad Adry-(181-33-4468).

2. HISTORY
Nuclear energy was first discovered in 1934 by Enrico Fermi. The first
nuclear bombs were built in 1945 as a result of the infamous
Manhattan Project. The first plutonium bomb, code-named Trinity,
was detonated on July 16, 1945 in New Mexico. On August 6th 1945
the first uranium bomb was detonated over Hiroshima. Three days
later a plutonium bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. There is over
200,000 deaths associated with these detonations .

3. WHAT IS NUCLEAR ENERGY?
Nuclear energy is a powerful source of energy, generated during a
nuclear reaction, by change in the nucleus of an atom. The source of
nuclear energy is the mass of the nucleus and energy generated
during a nuclear reaction is due to conversion of mass into energy
(Einstein's Theory).

4. TWO WAYS TO OBTAIN NUCLEAR ENERGY:
Electricity can be generated from nuclear energy by 2 methods:
1.Nuclear fission
2.Nuclear fusion

5. NUCLEAR FISSION
Nuclear fission reaction, the nucleus of a heavy radioactive element like
uranium, plutonium or thorium splits up into smaller nuclei, when
bombarded by low energy neutrons. A huge amount of heat is
generated in this process, which is used in nuclear power plants to
generate electricity.

6. NUCLEAR FUSION
Nuclear fusion reaction involves the combination or fusion of two light
elements to form a heavier element and release uncontrollable energy. Thus
it cannot be used to generate electricity, unlike fission reaction. The heat
and light that we get from Sun, is all due to the continuous reactions going
on inside it. We can now imagine how much energy would be released in
the nuclear fusion reaction, that it is the source of sun’s energy.

7. APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
• Electric power generation.
• Medicine.
• Scientific research.
• Food & agriculture.
• Space.
• Industrial appliance.

8. ADVANTAGES
• Almost 0 emissions (very low greenhouse gas emissions).
• The plants almost never experience problems if not from human
error, which almost never happens anyway because the plant only
needs like 10 people to operate it.
• A small amount of matter creates a large amount of energy.

9. DISADVANTAGES
• Nuclear plants are more expensive to build and maintain.
• Waste products are dangerous and need to be carefully stored for
long periods of time. The spent fuel is highly radioactive and has to
be carefully stored for many years or decades after use. This adds to
the costs.
• Nuclear plants can render hundreds of square miles of land
uninhabitable and unsuitable for any use for years, decades or longer,
and kill off entire river systems.

10. HOW DOES NUCLEAR ENERGY AFFECT THE
ENVIRONMENT?
• Nuclear power plants use uranium as fuel. The process of mining uranium
releases high amounts of carbon dioxide into the environment.
• Various scientific studies have shown an increased rate of cancer among
people who live near nuclear power plants. Long-term exposure to low level
radiation has been shown to damage DNA.
• There are main environmental problems associated with nuclear power plant
cooling systems. The warmer water kills some species of fish and plant life.
• The 2011 accident at the nuclear power plant in Fukushima, Japan is one of
the worst nuclear disasters in history; the reactors were destroyed by a
tsunami following a major earthquake.

11. CONCLUSIONS
• Overall, nuclear energy has proven to be most beneficial to our
society.
• No lack of co2, greenhouse gasses, and other gasses it emits into
the atmosphere.
• The drawbacks are safety, radio active waste and promotion of
nuclear weapons.

12. THANK YOU