made by shrikrishna kesharwani third year ,bachelors of planning,maulana azad national institute of technology. bhopal

1. MISMANAGEMENT OF
UTILITIES AND ITS
AFFECT ON
ENVIRONMENT
A CASE STUDY OF (MADHYA PRADESH)
By – Shri Krishna kesharwani
Scholar no.- 181109005

2. INTRODUCTION WATER SUPPLY
SEWAGE AND
SANITATION
SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
STORM WATER
DRAINAGE
EFFECTS ON
ENVIRONMENT
CONTENTS

3. INTRODUCTION
Shahdol is a major district of
Madhya Pradesh province. It is
situated in the North‐Eastern part of
the Madhya Pradesh.
The district perspective is from
natural mineral resources especially
coal and is part of the largest
coalfield (SECL) in the country.
The entire district is drained by Son
River and its tributaries. Thus the
area falls in the Ganga Basin.
It is also a historical city . As it is
mentioned in the epic Mahabharata
as Virat nagar.
People believe that the name of
shahdol was taken from the term
“sahastra dol” which means
thousand ponds.
The shahdol district is divided into
five blocks ( Beohari , Sohagpur ,
Jaisinghnagar , Burhar and pali )
Source – part A district census hand book shahdol , Cdp shahdol.

4. Total population of shahdol municipality area is
86681 and it is classified as class 2 census town.
The population growth rate is 10.24%
The Shahdol city is divided into 34 wards and the
total area of shahdol is 20.47 sq km.
Literacy rate of Shahdol city is 88.20 % higher than
state average of 69.32 %. In Shahdol, Male literacy
is around 92.95 % while female literacy rate is
83.17 %.
Shahdol Municipality has total administration over
17,833 houses to which it supplies basic amenities
like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to
build roads within Municipality limits and impose
taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.
The number of slums in Shahdol Nagar is 14.In
which 1286 Individuals reside In the 1265 houses.
42.50 lakhs rupees amount has been spent by the
local organization for improving the environment
of these slums.
Shahdol present
landuse map
Source – part A district census hand book shahdol , Cdp shahdol.,shahdol master plan 2031

5. GROUND WATER
SURFACE WATER LAKES
RIVERS
SURFA RIVER
SON RIVER
WATER SUPPLY
SOURCES
OF WATER
IN SHAHDOL
There are total 129 lakes are present in the
Shahdol area but due to there small size and
Polluted water they are not able to fulfil
The water demands of the city.
Son River is flowing in the northeast direction of the
city. It is a year-round river but is about 17 km from
the city and in its upstream is the Oriental Paper Mill
at Amalai.
• The current water supply source of Shahdol
Nagar is the Surfa River with perennial flow 12
km away from the city. For this purpose, a dam
of 5.7 lakh cubic meter capacity was
constructed near village Nawalpur for water
storage.
• Surfa river can be considered a reliable source
for long term water supply.
• During the monsoon the turbidity of water of
this river increases from 400 to 1500 ntu.
As mentioned in the water magnification scheme of Shahdol Nagar, by
the all India Central Ground Water Board ,According to the study done at
the level, Shahdol city is in safe category. But the recovery rate of ground
water is very low. Therefore, it is difficult to imagine water supply based
on ground water.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

6. main source-
•At present the main
source of water
supply in the
Shahdol city is
ground water and
the Surfa river
which is 12 km
away from the main
city.
•From the river
water is pumped
out by the help of
various pumps.
Distribution-
At present there
are 8130 meters
of the water
distribution pipes
in the city.
Storage-
There are total 6
high level tanks in
the city ,whose
total storage
capacity is 28.3
lakh liters which is
40% of the water
purification facility
(30% in the
standard
condition)
Personal
connections-
•According to the
municipality the city
has a total of 4790
domestic and 56
public connections
and 488 hand
pumps .
•And only 26% of the
families have the
water supply
connection
Current demand
and supply
difference
• The current water
supply rate in shahdol
is 40 liters per per
person day .the
current demand of the
city is 126.3 lakh liters.
• However according to
the norms the supply
should be 135 liters
per person per day.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

7. 129 lakes are
disappearing. These
lakes can used as the
good sources of ground
water recharge.
There is a lack of tube
system in the city, due
to which only 4000
families are being given
water through the
nozzles
Various water sources
like rivers and lakes
have not been
exploited yet.
Approx. 75% of the
people do not have
connections to the
water supply network.
Lack of public
awareness towards
proper utilization of
water, water
conservation and rain
water harvesting
Mostly people are
depended upon the
ground water due to
which at summer time
there is the scarcity of
water due to low
recovery rate of ground
water
Municipality is getting
huge loss due to the
non metered and
illegal connection of
water.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

8. EXISTINGSEWAGE
DRAINAGESYSTEM
• Shahdol Nagar does not currently have an underground sewage drainage
system.
• Generally 80 percent of the total water available in the city is emitted in the
form of dirty water. According to this standard, based on the quantity of
water supplied by the municipality, the amount of waste water will be
minimum 37.4 lakh liters.
• There is no land sewage drainage system in Shahdol Nagar and at present
the only means of sewage drainage are raw pucca drains constructed here.
• Dirty water directly into goes into pucca drains.
• In most of the places this dirty water directly drains into the nearby lake ,
ponds or nallah which eventually mixed into the son river causing water
pollution.
• The city generally has open drains and disposal of dirty water into open
drains meant for rainwater drainage is a serious challenge to the
environment.
• According to the municipal authorities, more than 10,000 population are
deprived of any kind of drainage system.
• Although the disposal of dirty water in open drains is not acceptable but it
appears
SEWAGE AND SANITATION
Source – Cdp shahdol.

9. According to the nagarpalika
around 40% of the houses
have septic tanks, while 35%
of the hosuses directly drain
there dirty water in the
drains which eventually
merges with the nearby
reservoir or nallah.
There are around 10 free public
toilets at various places in the city.
Public toilets are very few in
Shahdol city . And most of the
people are not even using it.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

10. Unavaliability of
underground
sewage drainage
system.
Septic tanks
become outdated.
The leakage of this
dirty water will also
pollute ground
water.
Lack of sewage
drainage system
can cause
serious helth and
environmental
issues.
Open defecation
by residents of
slums is a serious
problem.
Public toilet
facilities have
been provided in
some areas but
this is not
sufficient.
Due to lack of cleaning
of drains the solid
waste like plastic blocks
the flow of water
resulting in overflow of
dirty water on the road.
Lack of
awareness
among people
All natural
reservoirs are being
converted into
sewage and waste
reservoir due to the
disposal of dirty
water
PROBLEMS
Source – Cdp shahdol.

11. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
SOLID WASTE GENERATION FROM VARIOUS SOURCES
•52% of the total solid waste generated from the house hold .
•19% is the construction waste followed by 11% of commercial waste.
• According to a recent survey conducted by the
Municipal Corporation Shahdol, a total of 23 tonnes
per day i.e. 245 grams per person per day of garbage is
emitted.
• According to the UDPFI guide, 250 grams per person
per day of waste is emitted in middle-class cities like
Shahdol.
• On the basis of this , the total daily waste in the city is
estimated at 23.40 tonnes, which is almost equal to the
survey conducted by the municipality.
• The municipality collects 80 percent ie 18.7 tonnes of
waste per day.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

12. Waste collection
• The municipality is able to store only 80 percent of the total waste excreted in the city.
• Firstly, the sweepers collect garbage from the residences and put it in the garbage vessel kept in the same ward or dump it on the residential
routes and the sweepers clean the roads and collect the garbage at the places designated by the municipality.
• The waste collected at various places in the city is transported by tractor trolley to the tracking ground. In some wards, garbage collection is
being done from house to house. There are 163 scavengers in the municipality for primary collection of which 143 are for cleaning the roads.
Solid waste segregation
•The collected waste is being dumped in a trekking ground 3 km from the city. No method of scientific disposal,
reclamation or reuse of waste has been adopted. Nor is waste segregation prevalent at the source level.
•Public awareness is necessary for proper management of solid waste. Untreated waste is ultimately harmful to both the
environment and public health.
Processing and disposal
•There is a landfill site or tracking ground in an area of ​​4 acres near the city limits but it is not equipped with cleanliness
facilities. Stored wastes are not separated into organic and non-organic.
•In addition, 3 other landfill sites spread over a total area of ​​15 acres, 3 km from the city, are proposed.
•There is neither a provision as well as awareness regarding the recycling or reuse of waste and reuse.
Current and future demand and supply differential.
•In the city, a total of 73.40 tonnes per day i.e. 230 grams of waste per person per day is emitted. The city has adequate
infrastructure and personnel for solid waste management.
• According to the UDPFI guide, 250 grams per person per day in medium-tier cities like Shahdol and garbage is emitted in
big cities and metro cities. On this basis, treatment plant for total estimated daily 36.68 tonnes of waste will be necessary
for the estimated population of Shahdol Nagar for the year 2035..
Source – Cdp shahdol.

13. PROBLEMS
Source – Cdp shahdol.
Collection of solid
waste by humans in
non-hygienic
conditions.
Lack of awareness
about cleanliness
among citizens. The
dumping of garbage
by citizens in the
adjacent reservoirs.
Segregation of waste
is not being done.
Lack of cleanliness
facilities at the
landfill site and no
scientific disposal.
. Solid waste is
polluting the
reservoirs together
with the drainage
system.
,Large quantities of
garbage dumped in
the streets. It is also
hazardous to human
health
.Garbage scattered
throughout the
roads and streets
can disrupt the
drainage system of
the city.due to which
drains starts
overflowing during
monsoon.
.Due to
mismanagement of
solid waste, 58
existing reservoirs in
the municipal limits
are being polluted.

14. STROM WATER DRAINAGE
In 60 percent of the city, open drains perform drainage work, in the rainy season all kinds of
waste get into these drains, due to which these drains get blocked.
The general slope of the city is towards north. Therefore, the entire rainwater of the
city flows through small drains and meets the Mudhna drain and tank drain in the
Son river
Sewage and rainwater have not been separated in the present system of drainage
in the city.
,In the absence of ghost sewage system, sewage water is also being discharged
through these drains due to which contaminated environment and non health
conditions are created in the entire city.
, the drains along the roads are in a dilapidated state and need to be maintained. According
to the residential survey conducted in the city, the muddy water of all the buildings is being
disposed in the main drains and 50 percent of the settlements have open drains.
PRESENT WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF THE CITY.
Source – Cdp shahdol.

15. The existing
drainage system is
inefficient and poor.
Benefits of drainage
system to the entire
city
Citizens lack the
spirit to keep the
city clean
Effluent drainage
eventually drains
into Son River.
Flows in rivers due
to solid waste and
sewage results in
pollution
,This situation is a big
factor of ground and
surface water pollution,
not only this, all the
contaminated water
through drains and
natural drains join the
Son river
,Due to solid waste
and sewage in the
drains, the drainage
in the rivers is
obstructed, which is
fatal to the city
environment.
PROBLEMS
Source – Cdp shahdol.

16. Due to solid waste and
sewage in the drains, the
drainage in the rivers is
obstructed, which is fatal to
the city environment. This
situation is a big factor of
ground and surface water
pollution, not only this, all
the contaminated water
through drains and natural
drains join the Son river
.
Of all trash, plastic trash has the
greatest potential to harm the
environment, wildlife and humans.
It can be found floating at the
surface, suspended in the water
column, or on the bottom of almost
all water bodies. It is transported by
rivers to the ocean, where it moves
with the currents, and is often eaten
by birds and fish, concentrating
toxic chemicals in their tissues, and
filling their stomachs, causing them
to starve. Plastic aquatic debris is
much more than a mere aesthetic
problem.
,organic domestic
waste poses a serious
threat, since they ferment,
creating conditions
favourable to the survival
and growth of microbial
pathogens. Direct handling
of solid waste can result in
various types of infectious
and chronic diseases with
the waste workers and the
rag pickers being the most
vulnerable.
Dumping of solid waste to
the ground can cause soil
pollution it also is
responsible for the
contamination of ground
water also it releases
various types of green
house gases into the
atmosphere resulting in air
pollution and global
warming.
Effects on environment