Trends In Infrastructure Services

Trends In
Infrastructure
Services

Tell me and I’ll forget STKI Summit 2012
Show me and I may remember
Shahar Geiger Maor,
Involve me and I’ll understand VP & Senior Analyst

Presentation Visualization

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

2
Shahar Geiger Maor’s work Copyright 2012 @STKI Do not remove source or attribution from any graphic or portion of graphic

End-To-End Security Project

Web Security Secure
WAF Browsing
Gateway
Application
Security

Information
DLP Laundering
Data
Security

Firewalls IPS NAC
Network
Security
Source: Taldor 3

TEAMS Project (A3)

Source: Malam-Team 4

The New Training Center-IDF

Source: Bynet 5

Presentation Visualization -Networking

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

6

STKI Index-2011 –Top Networking Queries

Data, 29%

Collaboration, 27%
Market Players, 22%

Trends, 9%

ADC, 4%

Mobile, 4%

Misc., 4%

7

IPv6

8
Source: http://i.imgur.com/l371J.jpg

Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)

You are here

9

IPv6 Market Status

• Large orgs., cloud service providers, US government –All support
IPv6.
• IT: All major hardware and software providers support IPv6.

• Israel:

Sector IPv6 Awareness
Service Providers /
Telecommunications /
Global Organizations /
Other Organizations

10

Almost All Agree: IPv6 Is Critical

http://www.computerworld.com.au/slideshow/395230/most_enterprises_will_ipv6_by_2013_survey/ 11

IPv6 Recommendations

1. Awareness, awareness, awareness
2. Basic (internal IT) gap analysis
3. Executives’ awareness
4. Thorough gap analysis
(professional services) and
migration plan
5. POC (taste the flavor of IPv6).
6. Future system design and purchase
–IPv6 enabled

12

Presentation Visualization –Data Networking

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

13

Pressure!!!

14

Key Drivers For Network Transformation

• Server virtualization
• Storage Convergence
• East-west traffic patterns
• Growth of VMs and “server sprawl” management
Fabric (ˈfa-brik) n. An integrated data center network that supports servers, storage,
appliances and switches on a large scale. It provides a simple way to reach everything in
the data center using location-independent, Layer 2 addressing that creates a flat
network among components. It borrows features from routed network including
dynamically selecting the shortest and best route for connections, converges very quickly
when the network changes, uses all the links in the network and efficiently handles
broadcast and multicast traffic. It has high reliability with very fast convergence when a
failure occurs. It minimizes packet discards or is lossless and has extremely low end-to-
end latency. It automatically adjusts and applies the right configuration to whatever
devices connect to it. Also called Ethernet Fabric and Data Center Fabric. -Robin Layland

15

Changes In Technology Are Making
Server-to-server Traffic “The” Network Issue

SOA
Web
Application 2.0
SAAS

Client
Client – Server Architecture Service Oriented Architecture

25%
95% Server

Server Server
Server

A B C
Server
75%
Server

D DB

Source: Juniper Networks 16

Today’s Network Architectures Can’t Keep Pace

Source: HP Networking 17

Distributed Intelligence Details

Optimized Virtual Access Layer

• Today, access to the network lives in the virtual
hypervisor Physical
Virtual
• Consumes valuable host resources
• Virtual switch is offloaded to the physical Server

vNIC

vNIC

vNIC
vNIC
switch
• Eliminates the software switch; the advantages of a Virtual Switch
distributed virtual switch plus Distributed Intelligence
• Leverages Virtual Ethernet Port Aggregator (VEPA)
technology
NIC
• Virtual NICs are offloaded to the physical NIC
• Leverages Virtual Ethernet Bridging (VEB) technology
• Host resources are freed up for applications
• Gives 5-20% of host resources back to applications
• VMs have direct I/O with the network
Switch
• Network simplicity; common access across entire VCS;
network is managed in the network
Source: Brocade 18

Three-tier Architecture & Server-to-Server Traffic

Three-tier Legacy Network

N
Unnecessary layers
add hops and latency

Slows performance of
W 75% or more of traffic E Federated Apps &
VM mobility

Up to 50% of ports
interconnect switches;
S not servers or storage


Two-tier Architectures Improve Performance

Simplified Two-tier Network

A-Series Core N
Switches with IRF IRF
IRF Removes a Networking
Layer to reduce CAPEX

A-Series ToR
Switches with IRF, IRF Virtual Connect

HP Virtual Connect IRF enables a single, low
W 75% or more of traffic E latency hop between up to
nine server racks

Virtual Connect provides
direct flight connections
S within an HP BladeSystem

Rack Servers Blade Servers


The Fabric Architecture

Core Switches

All of the TOP of
Racks are a single
high capacity
Fabric!!!
Aggregation
switches

Firewall

Access
switches
Fabric
Switches

4
Pod 1 Pod 2

Source: Juniper
21

Intelligent L2 Domains
POD Evolution
Inter-POD Connectivity across L3
Shipping OTV Failure Boundary Preservation
Failure
IP Cloud
Boundary

Core
L3

L3 Aggregation
…
L2 vPC
… FabricPath… …
…
Access
L2
vPC

Servers

STP+ vPC/VSS FabricPath
STP NIC Teaming 16x ECMP
Enhancements Simplified loop- Low Latency / Lossless
Bridge free trees MAC Scaling
Assurance 2x Multi-pathing Operational Flexibility
Shipping Shipping Shipping
Source: Cisco
22

Wireless

23

Wireless Trends

• Welcome, IEEE 802.11ac…
• Wireless as a service
• Wireless IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)
• All vendors must have the following features:
1. Support for 802.11a/b/g/n
2. Controller-less WiFi network
3. A network management application
4. Standards-based security with 802.1X through WPA2
5. Provider can deliver network services (such as voice, video and
location).

24

Positioning Methodology

Israeli vendor rating – Market positioning is focused on the enterprise
sector (not SMB)
 X axis: Market penetration (sales + installed base+ clients
perspective)
 Y axis: localization, support, Local R&D center, number and
quality of SIs, etc.
 Worldwide leaders are marked based on global positioning

Vendors to watch: Israeli market newcomers

STKI positioning represents the current Israeli market and not necessarily
what we recommend to our clients

25

xxx- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Vendor B
Local Support

Player

Worldwide
Leader

Vendor A

Market Presence

26

Data Center Networking- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Local Support Cisco

Juniper
Player

Alcatel-Lucent Worldwide
Leader

Avaya
HP

Brocade
IBM
Market Presence

27

Campus Networking- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Cisco
Local Support

Alcatel-Lucent Player

Extreme HP Worldwide
Leader
Avaya
Juniper
Dell
Enterasys
Brocade

Market Presence

28

Wireless LAN- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Cisco
Local Support

Player
Motorola
Worldwide
Leader
HP
Aruba
Alcatel-Lucent

Juniper
Aerohive
Ruckus
Enterasys
Market Presence

29

30
Source: Bent Objects

Application Delivery Controllers

Mega trends:
•Cloud computing
•Virtualization – desktop, storage, network
•Mobility
• Security
•Datacenter consolidation

31

adc

Source: http://www.enterprisemanagement.com/research/asset_download.php?id=2110

Key Drivers for Data Center Class WAN Optimization

• Disaster recovery
Protect more data across longer distances over converged networks
• Data center consolidation / cloud
Data and server placement not impacted by WAN performance
• Server and storage centralization
Users can be farther from resources
• Real-time collaboration
Improve quality of unified communications (voice/video)
• Virtualization
Multisite VDI and VM migration impacted by poor WAN quality

33

Application Delivery Controllers- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Radware
Local Support

F5
Player

Citrix Worldwide
Leader

A10
Cisco

Barracuda

Market Presence

34

WAN Optimization- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Local Support

Player

Citrix Riverbed
Worldwide
Leader

F5 Cisco
Silver Peak Radware
Juniper
Bluecoat

Market Presence

35

Presentation Visualization -Collaboration

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

36

37
Source: http://collaborationbenefits.blogspot.com/2010/04/intersection-of-unified-communications_30.html

Collaboration Basics

Source: Cisco
38

Email And Phone Are Still The Most Common Way To Interact With Customers

What are the top methods by which your employees communicate with your
customers, suppliers and partners?

Source: Information Week 39

Drivers Of Unified Communication Projects

1. Improve employee collaboration
2. Improve employee efficiency
3. Improve communications with customers
4. Create a more mobile workforce
5. Legacy PBX retirement
6. Upgrade technology to meet business needs/stay on
par with peers
7. Reduce operation expenditures
8. Reduce travel expenses
9. Decrease sales cycle times
40

Reasons for Not Using Unified Communications

1. Other projects have a higher priority
2. No definitive business value
3. Lack in-house expertise
4. UC technology is too expensive
5. Sizeable investment in current communications
platform
6. Auxiliary costs are too expensive (e.g. WAN bandwidth,
infrastructure upgrades)
7. Deployments are too complex

41

Cloud Based UCC –A Very Good Step Forward

1. B2B: connect to business
partners, customers, and
individuals outside
corporate network
2. Great for small and medium businesses
3. Help in reducing security issues (…but raise others)
4. Standardization

42

What’s Wrong?

We are still trying to automate
Multitude of vendors leads to
collaboration…needs to be
“non-immersive” experience
people centric

Insufficient focus on how
IT driven without alignment to
people collaborate today and
business priorities
what real pain points are

Not treating Collaboration as a Many of the benefits in UCC do
CEO Agenda Item not apply locally

43

How To Do It Right

Step 1: Identify Primary Business Imperatives
Time-to-
Market
Innovation Talent
Acquisition
and Retention

Customer
Cost Loyalty
Quality
Control

Sales
Effectiveness

Cultural Productivity
Evolution Business
Scaling and
Growth

44

How To Do It Right

Step 2: Associate Relevant Stakeholders and Processes:

Innovation
Accelerating the generation
and development of new
ideas into new or improved
products, services and
processes

45

How To Do It Right

Step 3: Analyze Existing Collaboration Patterns

46

How To Do It Right

Step 4: Execute Collaboration Programs:
 online communities
 blogs and microblogs
 online shared workspaces
 “click-to-connect”
 collaboration spaces
 comprehensive research repository
 connecting experts

…Did we mention LinkedIn?

47

The ROI Problem

Elements of ROI Calculation

Capital Operational Alternative
TCO
expenditures expenditures cost

Feature
Job Employee
adoption Training UC benefit
satisfaction productivity
timeline

Increased sales
due to increased
collaboration

48

65% Of Orgs Have Implemented UC Capabilities in 50% or Less of Total Users

Source: Information Week 49

Presentation Visualization -Customer Center

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

50

CRM Maturity Model

Business Value
Analytical Social CRM
Value investment CRM
Listening
Web Mobile
channel channel
platforms
projects projects IT oriented
Investment in order Project

to optimize costs Business
oriented
Operational Project
CRM/XRM
Commodity
investment
*Size of figure
= complexity/
Regulative cost of project

investment

Using Implementing Future usage
Market Maturity

Accelerating Customer Experience

CRM 1.0 CRM 2.0 CRM 3.0
Managing Managing influencers Engaging
Individual & ‘tribes’ & Influencing
customers

Customer
A Customer Customer
B C
The focus shift:

Transactions Interactions Experience

52

What is Social CRM

• Social CRM can be used for 2 purposes:
• Listening and Learning: Using the power of personal networks to
gain intelligence on customers, their habits, interests
• Brand auditing
• Awareness of campaigns success/failure
• Crowdsourcing (new products, design ideas)
• Interacting and Engaging: New channel for customer interactions
(sales, service, marketing)

• Social CRM projects will be short / simple. Companies will grow
into it (by using social CRM modules within CRM apps) or SaaS-
based products. The hardest part will be the “people” and
“processes” part, change management.
53

Power To The People – Is It Too Much Power???

• Social media criticism makes Gap dumps new
logo forces it to revert back to old logo

54

Social Media Projects Maturity

(Source: Altimeter Group) 55

Customer Care Trends

There’s Increasingly
no place unpredictable
to hide environmental
online events

The age of self
From
help, paranoia
‘push’ to
and advice
‘pull’
seeking

The rise The agile and
of the asset-less
any x organization
customer (…cloud)

56

Approaching (Interacting with) Customers

(…Too often, digital marketing efforts target only younger customer segments)

Source: McKinsey Global Survey 57

Key Benefits That Can Influence Consumers To Use a New Form of
Payment

Source: Javelin Strategy & Research 58

Heavy Duty Phone Systems For Trading Rooms

Directional and time indication
Call History

Modularity of Components Call Directory
Backpack

Extensibility Deskshare

Source: IPC
59

Unified Communications - Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Cisco
Local Support

Player
Avaya Microsoft
Worldwide
Leader

Digium
IBM Alcatel-Lucent
Siemens EC
Interactive Intelligence

Market Presence

60

Customer Center Infrastructure - Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Local Support

Player
Cisco
Avaya Worldwide
Leader

Aspect
Alcatel-Lucent
Cosmocom
Interactive Intelligence
Siemens EC
Market Presence

61

IP Telephony - Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Local Support Cisco

Player

Alcatel-Lucent
Tadiran Telecom Avaya Worldwide
Leader

Digium
Microsoft
Siemens EC
Market Presence

62

Presentation Visualization -Video

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

63

Global Mobile Data Traffic

100%
90%
80%
70%
VoIP
60%
Gaming
50%
File Sharing
40%
M2M
30%
Data
20%
Video
10%
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
2016

Source: Cisco VNI 2012 64

Enterprise Video Usage

Source: Business Video
65

Israeli Market Status

• Videoconferencing –Mature collaboration tool

• E-learning –Common in global orgs. Good as an enrichment
for existing tools

• Video streaming and CDN –Specific for content creators
(…Still waiting for enterprise YouTube)

• Digital signage –For special purposes

• Video Management Systems (storage analytics) –
Physicalhomeland security
66

AudioVideo Conferencing

Immersive
-To work within projection-
based Virtual Reality Systems CXOs
(Immersive)
Room
-The most common
Mid
tool for Video Management
Teleconferencing Conferencing
(Room)

Endpoint Employees
–”Skype like” (Endpoint)

67

Video Collaboration in Practice

Video
Conference

CDN

http://www.clalit.co.il/HE-IL/Family/parents/video+rofe+online.htm 68

Video e-Learning –Next Generation Customer Care Routing

Choose your next
choice on-the-fly

Video evolves according to choices made

http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2010/10/25/andy-grammers-keep-your-head-up-applies-choose-your-
own-adventure-logic-to-music-videos/ 69

Social Video + CDN (Content Delivery Network)

Powered by
Matrix CDN

Powered by
NAVIGAYA

Source: http://www.shmone.co.il/ 70

Digital Signage

Live
streaming

Batch
streaming

On-line
Integration

Integration
to backoffice
Source: http://www.diskin.com/he/content/index_b_06.html 71

Managing Bandwidth For Video

1. Buy more
bandwidth

2. Implement QOS

3. Use adaptive
technologies

4. Call Admission
Control (CAC)
72

Video Optimization -Medianet

Deliver the Network Optimized for Video Anytime, Anywhere, Any Device

Video, Voice and Data Applications

Media Services Interface (end-point and Proxy) APIs

Plug & Media
Play Multicast
NetFlow Monitoring
RSVP
NBAR

Management
IPSLA

Security
SAF
Media PfR QoS
Media
Services Awareness
Proxy
Media
Optimi-
zation

Source: Cisco

The Past, Present, and Future of Enterprise Outward Video
Past Present Future
Creation One day of shooting with a video production to Empowerment of the
(cost?) professional crew. the masses. individual
(100K$) (100$) (1$)

Management VHS tapes and DVDs Dozens of proprietary Big data, access
required physical space… and public Online management,
Some early forms of Video Platforms. multiple “instances”
searching programs Search still is a of each video
challenge
Delivery Television; Different format, Videos will still need
Mailing out tapes resolution, and to be viewed across
bandwidth all devices.
requirements
Tracking Broadcasts and mails had Views, what devices how effective a video
significant tracking are viewing the video, is by sales person, by
challenges. where in the world customer, by
and more. campaign, etc.
Source: http://www.reelseo.com/enterprise-video/ 74

Video Recommendation

75

Tele-Conferencing- Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Cisco

Polycom
Local Support

Adobe Logitech
(LifeZise) Player
Radvision
Worldwide
Avaya Leader
Microsoft
Emblaze
Vidyo
Citrix AT&T
Google Alcatel-Lucent
ooVoo Skype
Market Presence

76

What should be asked before going to the board with a capital request?

1. How much impact do our facilities have on the availability of
important business applications?
2. How much more capacity could we get from existing facilities?
3. What does future demand for data center capacity look like
and how can virtualization affect it?
4. How can we improve capacity allocation by tier?
5. How can we incorporate modular designs into our data center
footprint?
6. What is the complete list of key design decisions and their
financial impact?

77

virtualized platforms: A
way to limit data center capacity requirements

Source: McKinsey & Company 78

Reducing Capital Costs by Moving Into Lower-Tier Facilities

Source: McKinsey & Company 79

Israeli Data Center Statistics

350m2 • Average room size (brutto)

67% • Average size used for IT (netto)

• Host all servers? (Prod.,Test, Dev.
Yes (75%) Backup etc. )

1.4m2 • Average DC room size per IT staff
0.18m2 • Average DC room size per employee

Source: STKI 80

Data Center Outsourcing Benchmark

A research and service providers’
benchmark in the Israeli market.
By: Pini Cohen, Shahar Geiger Maor

Expected publication: May 2012
Stay posted for more news…

81

Output Management

82

Output Trends

Digital Mailing

Printing independence

Interactive forms and multimedia

Personalization

12 ‫מרץ‬ Shahar Geiger Maor’s work Copyright 2012 @STKI Do not remove source or attribution from any graphic or portion of graphic
83

Tablets Replace Paper

• Businesses and governments are trading paper for tablets, saving
money and promoting efficiency
• In the U.S., airlines are now allowed to rely on tablets instead of
onboard paper manuals, checklists and charts
• Amsterdam city council members now get iPads, retrieving
documents through a custom app that other Dutch government
agencies are set to adopt

84

Next Generation Outputs

Interactive Voice:
MP3

Accessible

Video

Mobile friendly

12 ‫מרץ‬ Shahar Geiger Maor’s work Copyright 2012 @STKI Do not remove source or attribution from any graphic or portion of graphic
85

Banks ‘Push‘ vs. Customers ‘Pull‘ Model

Pull
Push •Ownership of services & value
•Control electronic services to network shifts to customer
employees and customers. •P2P computing & networks
•Choose whom to allow into develop —secure, managed,
proprietary networks. controlled, powerful
•Own the value networks. •Organizations forced to deliver
•Set rules, pace and conditions for into consumer computing domains
interaction with them. •Architecture extends to consumer
•Pre-defined, prepackaged services. computing environment —
•Establish the parameters for you ―customer centric gets defined
to modify or access your •―Delivery models‖ subsumed into
information or services. ―consumption models‖ -ambient
findability
•Building blocks —contentaware,
data, Web Services, process
models, orchestration services.

86

Output Management-Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Consist
Local Support

Adobe
Autofont Player

Worldwide
Leader

ISIS-Papyrus Aman/Beeri

HP

Market Presence

87

Printers-Israeli Market Positioning 1Q12

Samsung

HP
Lexmark
Local Support

Brother Player

Canon Worldwide
Leader

Epson
Ricoh Xerox

Market Presence

88

Market Data

http://xkcd.com/657/large/ 89

Networking Staffing

25’th percentile 50’th percentile 75’th percentile Average

“Active” ports as of
total ports (%) 58% 63% 78% 66%
Total ports per 1
networking staff 917 1200 2000 2613
member (voice+data)
Ports per 1 employee
1.33 1.93 2.82 2.12
Employees per
1 Networking staff 561 775 1125 1119
member
Data networking : voice
networking staff ratio 1.13:1 1.5:1 2:1 1.7:1

Source: STKI 90

Networking Budget ~ 10% of IT OpEx

Source: The Corporate Executive Board Company 91

Constant Staffing Mix Within IT

Source: The Corporate Executive Board Company
92

Endpoints

http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.07/images/found.jpg graphic
Shahar Geiger Maor’s work Copyright 2012 @STKI Do not remove source or attribution from any graphic or portion of
93

Presentation Visualization

MDM
Networking Security

ollaboration

94

Desktop-PCs are getting old…Say Hello to the Post-PC Era
• No platform, form factor or technology will dominate.
• BYOD will remain the norm.
• Component prices continue downward trend.
• Off-Desktop devices consume more of the digital
experience
• Employees will use many devices, syncing data between
them via the cloud.

95
Source: Bent Objects

2012 game changers :

• Consumerization of IT
• Bring your own Device (BYOD)
• Changing Client Architectures
Tablet computers, smartphones,
4G, social media, gaming,
desktop virtualization,
and other technology innovations
are bringing possibilities and
challenges to IT and the workplace
like never before

96

Experience Economy > Age of the Customer

• From 1900 to 1960, Age of Manufacturing , if you owned a factory,
you owned the market.

• From 1960 to 2000, Age of Distribution, if you owned the
distribution channels, you owned the market.

• From 2000 to 2011, Age of Information, if you owned the
information, you owned the market.

• From 2011, Age of the Customer, if you engage the customer, you
own the market

97

Why Mobile?

Communication Telecom: fire, Mobile Phone
Telephone
–A basic need letters… Device

• Population is spreading all • Starting to close the gap. • Large distances, real-time. • Always with me, cost
over the world. Closer to the end-user effective, muti-
purpose device, carrier-
• Distance is becoming a • Short distances, no real- • Static side infrastructure,
communication issue time Anywhere-to-anywhere
connection and more…

98

Mobile Outsourcing

Social
Trade
Fun Tools
Pics

Gesture
Touch

CalendarMail

Location
Ⅱ

Δ
Voice Video
Content Access
Search
99

Using Mobile Apps more then 10 times a day

100

Using Mobile App to Make a Purchase/ for Client Service

101

Decision Making in the Digital World

Seeking Intelligence,
Not Content

- Real time

60% of purchase decisions
being made before the
consumer stepped into the
store!!!
102

Many clients are asking about how to:

Set a solid
Digital Customer Experience
MDM

craft mobile policies
how to develop
manage the devices
mobile custom apps?

Secure their
select mobile devices mobile content

103

Answers are right here

Who is IT or Business?
Digital Customer Experience IT higher involvement
Owner in enterprise

how to develop
mobile custom apps?
Native or Hybrid Apps

select mobile devices People wants:

Enterprises wants:

104

What Do People Want ?

105

Three OSs, Three Ecosystems?

Source: IDC 106

Internet vs. Mobile Data Traffic

Global Internet Traffic Growth (Fixed)
300%

200%

100%

0%
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Global Mobile Data Traffic Growth
200%
150%
100%
50%
0%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
(estimate)
Source: Cisco VNI 2012 107

Mobile Statistics

– The number of active mobile broadband
subscriptions worldwide in 2011.

–The estimated number of mobile subscriptions
worldwide in 2011.

–Percentage of handsets shipped globally in 2011
that included a web browser.

– Apple iPad’s share of global tablet web traffic
in December.

Source: http://royal.pingdom.com/2012/01/17/internet-2011-in-numbers/ 108

Different Devices, Different Purpose

Work
Creation
Change

Flow
Consumption

Experience

109

List of Tablet Use Cases

How do you useplan to use your tablet? (Please select all that apply)

Surfing the web

Writing or reading mail

Watching video

listening to music

social media sites

Gaming

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Source: Yankee Group 110

Bring Your Own Device

Tablets occupy a middle
ground where
consumption and creation • Easier and more supportable
of data has a wide range. • More flexible device capability
BYOD needs to be a Virtualization
consideration once
interest enters this zone.
BYOD Full
Data Consumption and Creation Continuum
Light BYOC
There are two potential
paths that can be followed
at this point.
Integration
• Full network
- Light data consumption • Harder to support (e.g. local - Heavy data consumption
- Minimal data creation rather than centralized apps) - Local data creation
• Limited by device capabilities
Final steps:
- Full BYOD policy created by
Past this line, infrastructure, all business groups.
security, and operations - TCO calculation in
pillars must be considered in conjunction with Finance.
order to support advanced
data creation.

Source: Info-Tech Research Group 111

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