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Chapter 16 Spontaneity, entropy and free energy

Spontaneous ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thermodynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Entropy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Entropy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Temperature and Spontaneity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

 S sys -  H/T  S surr  S univ Spontaneous? + + + - - - + - ? Yes No, Reverse At Low temp. At High temp. + - ?

Gibb's Free Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Let’s Check ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

 G=  H-T  S At all Temperatures At high temperatures, “ entropy driven” At low temperatures, “ enthalpy driven” Not at any temperature, Reverse is spontaneous  H  S Spontaneous? + - + + - - + -

Third Law of Thermo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Free Energy in Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Free Energy in Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Free energy and Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How far? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

  Gº K ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object], Gº = -RTlnK

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Temperature dependence of K ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Free energy And Work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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