1. Advanced
Grid Connection Workshop
The Innovation Centre, Sci-Tech Daresbury,
16th July 2013
Welcome and Introduction
George Hall, Project Manager
The Wind-Tech Project
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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2. Programme
9.00
Welcome & introduction
Dr. George Hall, Wind-Tech Project, UCLan
9.10
9.20
9.50
10.45
11.00
12.00
12.30
Introduction to the workshop
Part 1: Variation in grid voltage and the need for DNO studies
Part 2: The rural grid in detail: Schematic diagrams for most rural connections
Morning Refreshments
Exercise 1: Completing a site survey for an example PV, hydro or wind project
Part 3: Larger grid connection projects and case studies
Geoff Owen, Grid Connections
Lunch
1.30
2.00
2.45
3.00
Part 3: Larger grid connection projects and case studies (continued)
Part 4: Additional grid connection
Afternoon refreshments
Exercise 2: Completing the ENA application form for an example project
4.30
Summary and surgery: one-to-one advice
Geoff Owen
Geoff Owen, Dr. George Hall
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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3. Today’s workshop
• Following the energy and grid connection basics workshop, today
we will investigate in more detail the complexity of connecting to
the grid;
• A more interactive workshop, with morning and afternoon group
exercises, with support from the Wind-Tech team;
• Follow-on support from the Wind-Tech team for companies
interested in wind turbine technologies, or other forms of
renewable technology, available after today’s workshop.
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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4. Today’s workshop
Please note:
The information provided today is done so in an advisory capacity
only. The supplier shall not incur any liability for any action or
omission arising out of any reliance being placed on this information
by any organisation or other person. Any organisation or person in
receipt of this information should take their own legal, financial and
other relevant professional advice when considering what action (if
any) to take in respect of any grid connection, renewable strategy,
initiative, proposal, or other involvement with any renewable
technology, before placing any reliance on anything contained
herein.
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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6. Level 1 review
• Essential power terminology & application for renewable
generation projects
• G83 is under 16 amp per phase
• G59 is over 16 amps per phase
• One G83 project is allowed per customer
• Once a G83 project is fitted to increase or add another project
will require a G59 application & permission from the DNO
• The function of the DNO grid and connections
• Application and upstanding grid connectivity for renewable
energy projects
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7. LEVEL 2
Workshop Content
Part 1:
Part 2:
Exercise 1:
Part 3:
Part 4:
Exercise 2:
Variation in grid voltage and the reason for
DNO studies
The rural grid in detail
Completing a site survey
Larger grid connection projects and case
studies
Additional grid connection considerations
Completing the ENA application form for an
example project
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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8. Renewable power generation
Essential considerations for projects
• If there is no consumer demand then there is limited
justification to install a generation project
• The Availability of FIT support will not be there for long
• The installation of renewable power technologies enables
consumers to take control of their energy costs and limit their
exposure to future price increases.
• De-centralised power generation can reduce transmission grid
losses.
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9. Part 1: Variation in grid voltage and
the need for DNO studies
• For a generator to work and stay connected it must operate within
design parameters
• G83 upper cut of voltage stage 1 (@51.5HZ) 262.2 volts in 90
seconds
• G59 upper cut of voltage stage 1 (@51.5HZ) 253 volts in 90 seconds
• The grid supply transformer is set at 250 volts at the source, this
allows a head room of only 3 volts
• In periods of low customer load the grid volts are high through out
the grid system, generation may increase the grid voltage resulting
in invertors and protection relays operating with loss of generation,
and Grid voltage pushed beyond statutory levels
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10. Why is the Grid connection process
so complicated?
•
Grid systems were never designed for multiple smaller
generation connections, designed for power flow in one
direction
•
DNO’s have to guarantee to the customers the quality
of supply and availability 24/7
•
Increasing number of projects could result in a unstable
Grid system, with undermining of network supply
security
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11. DNO Responsibilities
These are the statutory obligations under the
terms of their licence
•
•
•
•
•
Secure operation and development of the network;
Safe & reliable operation of the network;
Ensure fair and equal access to the network;
Least cost options for connection;
Lifetime ownership of network not just your
connection.
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12. Grid voltage variation
• The voltage level in the UK was
standardised with the EU
• The DNO is responsible for the supply
characteristics and is directly responsible
for guaranteeing the supply quality to all
customers
• The supply characteristics are declared
as 400/230 volts (+10% to -6%), 50Hz
damage to electrical equipment will
result if the if the supply voltage goes
outside of the stated range
• Customer switches on large motor
• G83 or G59 nuisance tripping
Low
customer
load
Maximum
253 volts
Normal grid 240
volts
high customer
load
Minimum 216 volts
Grid transformer output set at 250/433 volts
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13. DNO’s EXISTING ELECTRICITY NETWORK (LV grid)
Voltage at source set
250/433 volts
Small 3 phase
Commercial supply
Supplying Sub station
Small single
phase cable to
house
Large 3 phase
Commercial
supply
Cable joints in
highway
3 C 300 mm W cable in pathway or road
DNO designs infrastructure connections to guarantee the supply quality
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14. Voltage variation data with customer load
for proposed G83 generation
Peak 254 volts
252 volts
244 volts
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Switching on of motor load
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15. Hz
Frequency variation data with customer load
for proposed G83 generation
50.3
50.18.
50.06
49.94
49.82
49.7
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
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16. Part 2: The rural grid in detail
Introduction to the complexity and schematic
view of most rural connection arrangements
for projects < 50kW
Warning
Excludes non-standard DNO supply systems that are awaiting a
system upgrade
Will the grid connection cost undermine the
F.I.T/energy reduction investment return?
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17. Essential Information
Supplied by sustainable Energy Eystems
Installer of over 300 small WT’s in the last 5 years
What you must have
• Good healthy DNO supply
• Single phase or 3 phase
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18. Examples of poor connection capability
• More than one property run
from the transformer
• End of line connection
• Long distance to three phase
line
• Low on site usage
• Old supply transformer
• High voltage tapings on the
supply transformer
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19. Rural supplies
• 70 % of rural areas have a single phase supply
system
• A technical assessment must be made before
any applications are submitted to the DNO
• A project must initially have view of the likely
GRID connectivity and costs
• Submit a budgetary request to the DNO for
indicative costs
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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20. Rural overhead line supplies & grid connectivity
HV 3 phase
supply
• This supply arrangement provides
single phase to the customer
• MCS generator project
connectivity is 3.68kW
Transformer
HV to LV
single phase
• Cost to upgrade for 3 phase if pole
is suitable (£6k to £15k)
Single phase LV
supply to a
farm
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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21. 70% of rural overhead line supplies are
single phase only
• This supply
arrangement can only
provide single phase to
the customer
HV 2
phase
supply
• MCS generator project
connectivity is 3.68kW
• Cost to upgrade to 3
phase, with a new pole
transformer = £18k
DNO HV/LV
transformer
Substation name and pole number
Single phase supply to
customer
• New lines and poles =
£80 = £120/m
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22. Connectivity for single phase rural
grid supplies with one customer
Proposed 3.68 kW single phase WT
Small LV grid cables
Single phase LV grid cable
G 83
generator
1 Customer
• Installed under G83
• May require later DNO grid upgrade
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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23. Connectivity for single phase rural
grid supplies to one customer
Proposed >11 kW < 50 kW single phase WT
Single phase LV grid Cable
Small LV grid cables
G 59
generator
• G59 application to DNO
• Installed under G59
• DNO grid upgrade & costs to connect
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
24. Connectivity for single phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Customer no. 3
Single phase LV grid cables
Small LV 3 phase grid cable
G 83
generator
Customer no. 2
Customer no. 1
• Single phase installed under G83 maximum of 3.68 kW
• May require later DNO grid upgrade
High voltage
lines
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25. Connectivity for single phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Proposed 5 kW WT limited to ( 3.68 kW output)
Customer no 3
Small LV single phase grid cables
G 59
generator
Customer no 2
Customer no 1
• G59 application to DNO with technical details
• With DNO’s agreement installed under G83
maximum output 3.68 kW
• May attract DNO grid upgrade costs
High voltage
lines
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26. Rural Case Study
Grid upgrade costs for exceeding 16 amps
• Evance 9000 installed in Rossendale
• Planning submitted and passed
• Application submitted to DNO for
connection of 5 kw
• Grid costs excessive £ 20,000
• Technical agreement with DNO to cap
turbine output to 3.6kW – nil cost
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27. Connectivity for single phase
rural grid supplies
Proposed 10 kW to 50 kW single phase WT
Customer no 3
Single phase LV grid cables
G 59
generator
Customer no 2
• G59 application to DNO
• installed under G 59
• DNO grid upgrade & costs to connect
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
New S/S for
customer no 2
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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28. Connectivity for split phase rural grid supplies
with more than one customer
Proposed 3.68 kW single phase WT
Customer no 2
Small LV grid cables
Split ( single) phase LV grid cable
G 83
generator
Customer no 1
Has 2 x 1 phase supplies
High voltage
lines
• 1x3.68 kW project installed under G83
• A second project will require G83 stage 2 application to DNO
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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29. Single (split) or three phase ?
• In a rural area if there is any doubt
• Competent electrician to carry out voltage test
a the source of the supply on the customers
side
• Contact the DNO
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30. Overhead supply with
three phase transformer
HV 3 phase
supply
Overhead LV
3 phase
supply to
customer
• Maximum rated capacity
50KVA (approx 70 amps per
phase)
• MCS generator project
connectivity is 11kW
• Exceeding 11 kW will require
connection approval from the
DNO
Transformer
HV to LV 3
phase
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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31. Connectivity for 3 phase rural
grid supplies to one customer
Proposed 11 kW 3phase WT
3 phase LV grid cable
G 83
generator
Installed under G83
May require later DNO grid upgrade
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
32. Connectivity for 3 phase rural grid
supplies to one customer
Proposed >11 kW <50kW 3phase WT
3 phase LV grid cable
G 59
generator
• G59 Application to DNO
• Installed under G 59
• Grid upgrade & costs to connect
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
33. Connectivity for single/3 phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Proposed >11 kW < 50 kW 3 phase WT
Customer no 3
3 phase LV grid cable
G 59
generator
Customer no 2
• G59 Application to DNO
• Installed under G 59
• Grid upgrade to connect
Customer no 1
New S/S for
customer no 2
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
34. Connectivity for single/3 phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Proposed 3.68 kW single phase WT
Customer no 3
Small LV grid cables
3 phase LV grid cable
G 83
generator
Customer no 2
• Installed under G83
• May require later DNO grid upgrade
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
35. Connectivity for single/3 phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Proposed 11 kW 3 phase WT
Customer no 3
3 phase LV grid cable
Single phase grid
service cable to
customer
G 83
generator
Customer no 2
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
• Request to DNO to upgrade supply customer supply
from 1 phase to 3 phase ( from £1,500 to £ 4,500)
• Installed under G83
• May require later DNO grid upgrade to transformer
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
36. Connectivity for single/3 phase rural grid
supplies with more than one customer
Proposed >11 kW < 50 kW 3 phase WT
Customer no 3
3 phase LV grid cable
G 59
generator
Customer no 2
Customer no 1
High voltage
lines
New S/S for customer no 2
• G59 Application to DNO
• Installed under G 59
• Grid upgrade to connect
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37. Larger rural supplies
The H pole
Maximum size of grid transformer 200kVA
feeding
• Dedicated customers
•Several costumers in one area
• MCS generator project connectivity is
11kW ( or 3.68kW for single phase supplies)
•Exceeding 11 kW will require connection
approval from the DNO
Larger generator projects will require
permission from the DNO to connect
240/415 volt LV grid to customers
11KV DNO grid
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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38. Firm grid connection quotation
• Will include:
–
–
–
–
Connection permission
Terms and conditions specific to the project
Any connection costs
Legal work if required
• On acceptance, the project work can commence
– You can install the project to the submitted design
– You must follow G83 & G59 Compliance stages
– You must complete the test and commissioning stages.
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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39. Case Study
Small Hydro G59 connection
Small 15kW hydro project in a remote valley
• Refer to site map for further information
• Large valley with no 3 phase grid supply
• A technical solution agreed with the DNO
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40. Case Study Rural location:
10kWp School project
The Project
• Grid supply looks like it is 3 phase
• Installation has 3 phase TP/N switch fuse
• Sales person secured a 10 kWp PV array contract
• PV panels and inverters were installed
• Electrician was sent to complete the connection
to G83 standards
The issue
• The electrician discovered that the supply was
actually 3 x single phase supplies
• The incoming overhead grid lines to the grid
distribution transformer only have 2 cables.
• There is no 3 phase supply in the area
The Solution
• They submitted G83/2 application requesting
permission to connect multiple projects.
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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41. Case Study
Two incoming HV lines supplying village
No 3 phase supply
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42. Case Study
Two incoming HV lines supplying village
No 3 phase supply
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43. Do’s
•
•
•
•
Have a view of what is involved
Carry out a detailed site survey
Understand the potential connection costs
Make the right decisions, at the right time
Dont’s
•
•
•
•
Ignore grid connection
Leave it to the last minute
Make assumptions
Request a firm grid connection offer until you are in a position
to accept
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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45. Exercise 1: Completing a site survey
Group exercise with feedback and discussion
• You are going to a site, to undertake a survey for a
renewable energy project.
• Maximum of three groups
• List what you think you need to consider when
undertaking this site survey…
1. 50kW hydro 3 phase generator
2. 150 kW peak PV solar
3. G83 or G59 WT generation
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46. Site Survey 1
Proposed 50kW Hydro project: The Weir
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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47. Site Survey 2: Burnley College
150 kW peak PV solar
Proposed PV 150
kWp project
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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48. Site Survey 3
Proposed 2 x 11 kW Gaia turbines
The project:
Green Farm
Existing supply
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50. Part 3
large power connections
Have a view of what is involved
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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51. The UK Grid layout
Provides a network of cables and substations to transport power
to customers
Domestic
and small
industrial
supplies
240/415 volts
Manual connected network
Large
customers
supplies
Automatic connected network
Area
distribution
6.6kV11kV
Primary Grid
supply into areas
33kV 66kV
Bulk supply
point to DNO
132 kV
Power
stations
network
connected
Power Station
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National grid transmission 400kV
52. Other considerations
• Network capacity issues
• Connection capacity race
• Technical, design for firm grid application,
correct choice of generator , thermal limits,
voltage limits, reverse power flow, switch gear
rating and fault levels, protection
arrangements, power quality , earthing
stability ,
• Competent design /experienced consultants
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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53. Grid connection project planning
1.
2.
3.
4.
Planning information phase
Detailed design phase
Construction phase
Compliance and commissioning stage
Identifying a
suitable site
Permission and costs to connect
Budgetary/indicative quotation from DNO
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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54. New NHS build Ashton
Case study
Non contestable & contestable Grid costs
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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55. The I.C.P?
• Independent connection provider
• Lloyds registered to carry out contestable grid
works that will be finally adopted by the DNO
• May be able to carry out design work for you
project and project manage on you behalf
• Will apply for a Point of connection form the
DNO and the non contestable costs
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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56. Grid connection options
Grid connections are split into two
• Non contestable work – the work only the DNO or
his registered contractor can do
• Contestable work – The work that is open to
competition that any Lloyds registered I.C.P can
do, on completion will be adopted by the DNO
Choice
• Use the DNO for all the Grid connection work and an experienced
Grid engineer for the testing and compliance stages of the project
• Use an I.C.P to complete the contestable work and project manage
all the other requirements
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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57. Non contestable & contestable works
DNO existing 11kV cable
Contestable work
Non-contestable Work
New DNO HV S/S
Final HV joint
Network study and all
design approvals
New HV cable
Customer s HV
cable
To next substation
This one cable connection to the existing grid is called a INNOVATIVE THINKING
TEE or
FOR THE REAL WORLD
unsecured connection
58. Non-contestable & contestable works
DNO existing 11kV cable
Contestable work
Non-contestable Work
New DNO HV S/S
Final HV joints
Network study and all
design approvals
Customer’s HV cable
This cable connection to the existing grid is called a LOOPED or secured
firm connection
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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59. Larger single turbine –225kW
The project:
• In pre-planning stages
• 1 x ASCA 225kW turbine
• Hub height 32m / Blade diameter 28m / Tip height 46m
The Benefits:
• F.I.T. payment
The grid connection process:
• Rural location
• Grid connection point - 450m from preferred turbine
location
• In file - Grid connection budgetary quote - £168K
• Final – Grid connection £ 168,000
• Update – delayed due to planning consents
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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60. Site layout
Incoming 6,600 volt overhead Grid
line
Brown cables are low voltage
Proposed site of turbine
Incoming 6,600 volt overhead
Grid line
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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61. Extract from
Electricity Northwest’s
budgetary quote
This shows the proposed
connection plan
• The Map shows the
proposed route to connect
the turbine to the grid
• A new substation and
cables would be required
• Cables would follow the
road rather than cross
agricultural fields
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62. 2.25 MW turbine project
The project:
3 x 750 kW turbines
•
3 Turbines on farm near Chorley
•
Total project installation costs - approx £2.5M
The Benefits:
•
F.I.T / R.O.C payment
The grid connection process:
•
Rural location
•
Grid connection point 1.2km from site
•
Need to access 3rd party land to reach grid connection
point
•
Grid connection cost £227k (approx 10% of installation
cost)
•
DNO non–contestable - £26,000
•
DNO–contestable - £201,000
•
I.C.P- contestable - £119,000, excludes legal costs
•
Delays caused by ongoing negotiations with 3rd party
land owner land access payment
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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63. Connection options
Difficult negotiations with 3rd party
landowner
Project considered connecting to the
passing 33,000 volts system .
DNO non contestable estimate £345,864
DNO contestable estimate £387,803
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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64. Greenacres Farm 300kW AD plant
Greenacres Farm 300kW AD plant
18 months of planning and investment commitment
Agricultural consultant involved
Option no 1 for 300 kW of AD generation
• Initial budgetary Grid quote of £100,000
• non-contestable cost of £10,000
Option no 2 for 600kW of AD generation
• The connection cost remained the same but the extra upgrade
works on the system to allow more generation were estimated
at £251,000
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
65. The basic Grid connection issues
for each Project
• Is there a Grid connection at a cost that the
project can afford ?
What other issues do I have to consider?
• Site location of new DNO Substation
• Permission & cost to lay new DNO cables on 3rd
party land
• Grid connection options
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
66. Connections have commercial risk
• Actual connection capacity can only be secured
when accepting a firm offer, and is subject to terms
and conditions
• Outstanding offers can become interactive
• Grid systems are dynamic
• In some areas larger projects >5MW may be in a
queue or waiting for connection room on the grid to
become available.
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
67. Approximate Connection delivery
times
•
•
•
•
•
415 volt ( 3-phase)
2 months
11 kV
6 months
33 kV
>12 months
66kV/132kV
> 18 months
132kV upwards & NGT level
Legal works can take 3 to 12 months to complete
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
68. Part 4: Additional grid
connection considerations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I.D.N.O & mpan no’s
Power factor
3 phase power calculation
Fault levels
Likely grid connection costs
G59 testing & Commissioning
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
69. MPAN numbers
Identifying the DNO
• MPAN (Meter Point Administration
Number)
• This is found on the electricity bill
issued by the supplier
• The full MPAN is 21 digits and should
be printed in the format as shown on a
recent electricity bill
www.energylinx.co.uk/mpan.htm
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
70. The Distribution Network Owner
•Establishes and maintains Electricity Distribution connections to its customers –
first for load, and more recently generation
• Does not make, own, buy or sell electricity, though other parts of the groups may
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
71. From electricity board to DNO’s
Takeovers, mergers and acquisitions
MPAN ID Previous name
11
14
12
19
10
13
18
16
17
20
21
22
15
23
East Midlands Electricity
Midlands Electricity
London Electricity
The SEE board
Eastern Electricity
Manweb
Scottish Power
Norweb (UU)
Scottish Hydro Electric
Southern Electric
South Wales Electricity
South western Electricity
Northern Electricity
Yorkshire Electricity
Recent name
Central Networks E.ON
EDF now UK Power Networks
Scottish Power SP Energy Networks
Electricity North West
Scottish & Southern Energy now
SSE Power Distribution
Western Power Distribution
CE Electric (YEDL NEDL) now
Northern Power Grid
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
72. IDNO Independent Distribution
Network Operators
They own cables and substations inside of a DNO’s geological area
ID
24
25
26
Name
Envoy
ESP
Energetics
27
28
GTC
EDF IDNO
Licensee
Independent Power Networks
ESP Electricity
Global Utilities Connections
(electric)Ltd
The Electricity Network Company Ltd.
UK Power Network (IDNO) Ltd
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
73. What is power factor and kVar?
Customers peak
consumption 400kW
= 557 Line amps
Reactive energy
300 kVar
= 443 Line amps
Pf angle
Pf = 400/500
= 0.8 = 36 degrees
Increase the Pf to 0.9
= 25 degrees
500kVa reduces to
444kVa and line
current reduces to
640 amps
The grid supplies the customer THINKING
INNOVATIVE
with 500 kVa = 721 line amps REAL WORLD
FOR THE
74. Three phase
FORMULA
TRIANGLE
Power = volts x 1.732 x amps
Amps
=
power
volts line x 1.732
POWER
Line
VOLTS
1.732
x
AMPS
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
75. Three phase calculations
• Calculating kW power for small three-phase supplies
• Power = line Voltage x line amps x PF x 1.732
(for small supplies assume PF as 1)
• (K)Watts = Line volts x Line amps x 1.732
• Line (phase) Amps =
Power (K)Watts
line volts x 1.732
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
76. Calculating phase line current for
three-phase project
• PV array is rated at 11.4 kWp (11,400 watts)
• What is the maximum line current output in amps if the line voltage
is: (assume PF as 1)
• Line voltage is 415 volts
• Line voltage is 400 volts
• Formula is amps = power kW / line voltage x 1.732
Answer
• 15.86 amps line current
• 16.45 amps line current
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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77. Fault level current
This is the maximum fault current that a generator can
deliver to a short circuit fault
• For inverter driven generation
The maximum fault current = output +5 %
• For rotating generators
This will require power engineering expertise with
technical details of the rotating generator and
calculations
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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78. Likely grid connection costs
•
Turn the voltage down at PMT
= £2,500
•
Isolation and safe working on O/H lines
= £ 2000
•
Turn the voltage down at S/S
= £1,500
•
HV DNO Grid network Study from
= £2,000
•
New PMT and transformer
= (£10,000 to £32,000)
•
New ground mounted HV S/S
= £40,000
•
New ground S/S with transformer
= £65,000
•
HV cable laying
= £100 to £200 / m
•
LV cable laying
= £80 to £150 / m
•
New O/H lines and poles
= £80 - £120 / m
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79. Testing and commissioning
& compliance
• Refer to Technical notes supplied
• G59 Testing & commissioning and compliance
with DNO’s requirements
Outsource to a competent experienced engineer
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81. Exercise 2:
Completing the ENA form for an example project
• Complete and submit to
ENW using the ENW form
for a 150 kWp PV solar
project.
• The customers supply is 946
kW with a power factor of
0.95
• The estimated weekend
base load is 145 kW
• Firm quotation is required
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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82. Generator customer grid assessment
Required on the standard EA form
Questions A2 A3 A4
Diagram no 1 (A2)
The Grid supply
Import Power Kw
Customers
intake load
In KW
Power
Station
Customers
SITE
Diagram no 3 (A4)
Grid supply
meter & fuses
Import Power zero Kw
Customers
intake load
In kW
The Grid Supply
Export power in Kw
Power
Station
Customers
SITE
Diagram no 2 (A3)
Import Power Kw
Customers
intake load
In kW
The Grid supply
Power
Station
Customer
generator
Customers
SITE
Grid supply
meter & fuses
Customer
generator
INNOVATIVE THINKING
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Grid supply
meter & fuses
83. Group Exercise
Repeat using the ENA form
• Complete and submit to
ENW a ENA form for 150
kWp PV solar project.
• The customers supply is 946
kW with a power factor of
0.95
• Estimate the weekend base
load
• Firm quotation is required
INNOVATIVE THINKING
FOR THE REAL WORLD
