This document discusses using different shutter speeds to capture or imply motion in photographs. It begins by explaining how different shutter speed and aperture combinations can provide the same quantitative exposure but different visual effects. It then provides examples of shutter speeds used to freeze action, pan, or imply motion through blur. The document also discusses techniques like light painting, zooming, and rear curtain sync to creatively capture motion in photographs. It emphasizes experimenting with shutter speeds to find ways of expressing motion through images.

1. HOW TO CONTROL SHUTTER
SPEED

2. WHAT DO THESE HAVE IN COMMON?
F4 @1/2 SEC
F 5.6 @ 1 SEC
F 8 @ 2 SECF 8 @ 2 SEC
F 11 @ 4 SEC
F16 @ 8 SEC
F 22 @ 16 SEC

3. THEY ARE THE SAME QUANTITATIVE EXPOSURE !
ALTHOUGH THEY ARE THE SAME
EXPOSURE, THEY HAVE A VERY
DIFFERENT IMPACT ON THE IMAGE
WHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO STOPWHEN YOU ARE TRYING TO STOP
MOTION, SHOW MOTION OR IMPLY
MOTION IN THE PHOTOGRAPH THAT
YOU ARE TAKING!
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE GOING TO TALK
ABOUT TONIGHT

4. TYPICAL SHUTTER SPEEDS
FREEZING ACTION
1/250 1/500 1/1000 1/2000
PANNINGPANNING
1/60 1/30 1/15
SUPER SLOW SHUTTER SPEEDS
¼ TO 15 SECONDS

5. FREEZING ACTION
SUBJECT MOVING
LEFT TO RIGHT
RIGHT TO LEFTRIGHT TO LEFT
UP AND DOWN
USE 1/500 or 1/1000 second
CONSIDER DEPTH OF FIELD

6. FREEZING ACTION
SUBJECT IS MOVING TOWARD YOU
1/250 SECOND WILL STOP ACTION WITH1/250 SECOND WILL STOP ACTION WITH
BEST DEPT OF FIELD
USEFUL FOR SPORT SHOTS
FILL THE FRAME
FOLLOW THE BALL

7. FREEZING ACTION
1/500 SECOND
JUMPING ROPE
SWINGING
JUMPING IN THE AIR

8. FREEZING ACTION
1/1000 SECOND
VERY FAST ACTIONVERY FAST ACTION
SIDE TO SIDE, UP AND DOWN
ESPECIALLY IF YOU ARE FILLING THE
FRAME
BEST CHOICE

9. PHOTO BY VICKI MUDD

10. PHOTO BY BOB WANGARD

11. PHOTO BY VIRGINIA SCOTT

12. SPORTING EVENTS
FILL THE FRAME
FOLLOW THE BALLFOLLOW THE BALL
TAKE BURST OF SHOTS
FOLLOW THOUGH

13. PHOTO BY SHELBY BERTA

14. PHOTO BY CINDY CALLAN

15. EXPERIMENT
TRY SHOOTING USING SLOW SHUTTER
SPEEDS WITHOUT USING A TRIPOD
1/4 second to 1 second in length1/4 second to 1 second in length
NOT ALL IMAGES WILL TURN OUT
IMAGES WILL SHOW ENERGY

16. MAKING RAIN
USE 1/60 second
USE SPRINKLER TO SIMULATE RAINUSE SPRINKLER TO SIMULATE RAIN
BACK LIGHTING WITH FILL FLASH OR
REFECTOR ON SUBJECT

17. IMPLYING MOTION
BY USING A TRIPOD MOTION CAN BE IMPLIED
TRIPOD WILL STABILIZE IMAGE WHILE
ALLOWING ITEMS IN MOTION TO BE BLURRED
TREES WITH LEAVES BLOWING IN THE WIND
FIELD OF FLOWERS SWAYING
WHEAT FIELD
STREAMS, WATERFALLS
½ second will produce a “cotton candy” effect on water,
longer for slower moving water or waves.

18. PHOTO BY PAUL PUCKEL

19. PAINTING WITH SHUTTER SPEED
USE PROPER EXPOSURE WITH A
SHUTTER SPEED OF ¼ or ½ second
At the moment that you press shutter buttonAt the moment that you press shutter button
twirl, arc, jiggle, move camera up and down
or side to side. The idea is to move the
camera, to simulate motion. Slower shutter
speeds use a slower, steady motion thru
entire exposure.

20. SHUTTER PAINTING IDEA
Try shooting up thru a tree in the fall.
Use a 4 to 8 second exposure, when you push
the shutter button, rotate 360 in a circular
motion.
USE YOUR IMAGINATION

21. SIMPLY ZOOMING
½ second is good starting shutter speed
Called “waking the dead”
Using tripod gives sharper image easier toUsing tripod gives sharper image easier to
zoom
Zoom from widest angle to longest angle
17-35 mm, 55-200mm
Problem is usually zooming too fast or slow,
develop a rhythm

22. PHOTO BY BOB WANGARD

23. STAGGER ZOOMING
Use a LONG exposure time, try 8 seconds
This method gives sharper images
Expose for 2 seconds at wide angle
2 seconds later quickly zoom to middle focal
length
2 seconds later quickly zoom to longest focal
length
Finish the last 2 seconds of exposure

24. VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL?
According to Bryan Peterson, “the best time to
shoot vertical is immediately after horizon.”
DO NOT rely on post production and cropping of
horizontal format, for a vertical imagehorizontal format, for a vertical image
See more than one image from where you are
taking you photograph. If you are taking a wide
angle shot of city skyline, change lens focal length
and try shooting some more images
DIGITAL DATA is cheap, shoot a lot of images

25. “GHOST SHOT” ILLUSION
Use a LONG exposure, 8 to 10 second
Have person hold extremely still for first half of
exposureexposure
Person quickly exits frame for second half of
exposure
Can also insert and remove objects for the same
affect

26. “WIND BLOWN” MOTION
Use ¼ second exposure to start
Subject MUST hold extremely still
Use a mechanical fan for wind, easier to control
Vary distance of fan from subject to show degree of
motion in hair or flowing garment

27. REAR OR 2ND CURTAIN SYNC
Normal sync, flash is primary lighting source
Rear or 2nd curtain sync, flash is at the end of the
exposure
Rear sync can be from 1/250 sec to several secondsRear sync can be from 1/250 sec to several seconds
The long exposure before the flash can be use for
light painting
Use flash at 60 degree angle toward the ceiling to
give softer shadow affect
Light painting can be done by using sparklers, pen
flash light or led ropes

28. PHOTO BY BOB WANGARD

29. REAR SYNC DOES NOT WORK
If you try to use rear or 2nd curtain sync and
it flashes at the like a normal photo, flash at
the beginning of the exposure, these couldthe beginning of the exposure, these could
be the causes of you problem
Your camera is not set properly for rear or
2nd curtain sync. Read manual
Flash could have triggered off of battery
memory. Try again

30. HOW TO GET LONG EXPOSURE
TIMES ON BRIGHT DAYS
Use of add on filters make longer exposures
Polarizer filter generally adds 2 f-stops to
exposure plus reduce reflection and glare
ND (neutral density) can add 4 f-stops to
exposure without affecting color shift
Graduated ND filter will darker a portion of
the frame and not the rest of the frame, can
be used to darken the sky for longer
exposures

31. LIGHTNING EXPOSURE
Start by using f8 for proper exposure
Use cable release or off camera trigger
Use tripod with “bulb” setting
The longer the exposure the better chance of
getting multiple lightning strikes
Not an exact science, a truly trial and error process
Be CAREFUL during lightning storm

32. “ANTI” ND FILTER
By shooting in the RAW format the exposure can
be under exposed by 2 f-stops and be corrected inbe under exposed by 2 f-stops and be corrected in
most post production software, this can
compensate to not having or using a ND filter.

33. BASICS
Learn to use and set YOUR camera, read and carry
manual with you at all times for reference
Learn the art of seeing and composing images
Showing motion and action FILL THE FRAMEShowing motion and action FILL THE FRAME
Lead action shots into the frame
Rule of 1/3rds is good, not the absolute rule
Try shooting on the diagonal to enhance motion
FINALLY, Explore, experiment and think outside
the box.

34. IN CONCLUSION
The ART of photography is capturing a
moment of time as your mind sees it. The
motion, the subject, the lighting and the
exposure are only limited by YOURexposure are only limited by YOUR
imagination
The BEST image you may take in your entire
life, might be the next one.
KEEP SHOOTING!!!!