Developmentally Sensitive Design Methods
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This document discusses developmentally sensitive design and the roles children can play in the technology design process. It describes a method called Cooperative Inquiry where children are equal partners with adults throughout the design process. Considerations for child development at different ages are discussed. The document also summarizes a study on the social and cognitive experiences of children who were design partners in an intergenerational Cooperative Inquiry process. Key experiences identified included communication, collaboration, skills development, building relationships and confidence.
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Developmentally Sensitive Design Methods
- 1. 6/19/2014 1 Developmentally Sensitive Design Interaction Design and Children, Aarhus, Denmark June 17, 2014 Mona Leigh Guha mona@cs.umd.edu @Mona_Leigh My interest in developmentally sensitive design methods Was an early childhood teacher for 6 years Joined an interdisciplinary technology design team 12 years ago Degrees in early childhood education, early childhood special education, and human development Developed a human
- 2. 6/19/2014 2 Why should we care about the design process used to create technology for children? 1. Children being involved with adults in the design process can lead to developmentally appropriate technology being developed Making technology for kids without working directly with them, "is like making clothes for someone you don’t know the size of." -Thomas, child design partner 2. Participating a technology design process can impact the development of the children who are part of the process Roles children can play in the technology design process user tester informant design partner
- 3. 6/19/2014 3 The child as user In use since the 1970’s Child uses technology after it is widely available user tester informant design partner user The child as tester Became common practice in the early 1990’s Child uses the technology before it is widely available tester informant design partner
- 4. 6/19/2014 4 user tester The child as informant Became common practice in the mid 1990’s Child has input at various points during the design process informant design partner informant The child as design partner Used mid 1990’s to present Children are equal shareholders with adults throughout the design process user tester design partner
- 5. 6/19/2014 5 Cooperative Inquiry: A design partnering method Method of design partnering with children to create technology for children High ratio of adults to children Meet for two weeks in the summer; 2 weekly 90-minute sessions throughout the year Collaborative work; multiple techniques Child development considerations in Cooperative Inquiry Children who are design partners will be at varying stages of development Also consider developmental levels of children for whom your team is designing Consider developmental theories such as those of Piaget and Vygotsky
- 6. 6/19/2014 6 Supporting different ages in Cooperative Inquiry Young children (4 – 6 years old) Middle childhood (7 – 11 years old) Adolescents (12 – 19 years old) Child development in technology design process: Young children Collaboration and elaboration are challenging More steps in design More adult interaction Lower ratio Smaller groups
- 7. 6/19/2014 7 Magic Wall Children repurposed a touch surface from a tabletop office technology to an open-ended art surface Supports play involving open- ended possibilities, rich social interactions, and physical activity Child development in the technology design process: Middle childhood Social structures Gender consideration Still children; take breaks
- 8. 6/19/2014 8 Scenic Words and BodyVis Design for the whole body Scenic Words is a mobile app which exposes children to a second language by incorporating physical movement BodyVis teaches children about anatomy through a biometrically activated shirt Child development in the technology design process: Adolescents Scheduling More challenging projects Content vs. design experience Teenagers take the lead in small groups
- 9. 6/19/2014 9 FieldScope and Connected Chemistry Both technologies teach science in an engaging way to teenagers FieldScope encourages teenagers to be citizen scientists and collect meaningful data about their world Connected Chemistry teaches chemistry to high school students using interactive simulations (also worked with teachers in co-design) Cooperative Inquiry can produce really cool technology! But a few years ago, I wondered… What about the children who are our design partners? How is this impacting them?
- 10. 6/19/2014 10 What are children’s social and cognitive experiences in the context of an intergenerational Cooperative Inquiry technology design process? So I did a study! Qualitative Participant Observation Case study Bounded system Data collection Participant observation notes Artifact analysis Interviews
- 11. 6/19/2014 11 * Participants Name M/ F Age Grade New School Abby F 8-9 3rd Public Barrett M 9-10 4th New Public Cameron F 7-8 2nd New Private Dakota F 9-10 3rd Private Nikita F 8-9 3rd New Public Sebastian M 10-11 5th New Private Shawn M 10-11 5th Private Tabitha F 8-9 4th Private * Names of participants have been changed to ensure confidentiality Framework of developmental experiences of child design partners Communication Collaboration Skills Content Relationships Enjoyment Confidence Social Cognitive
- 12. 6/19/2014 12 Empowerment Some experiences of child design partners Engagement Problem Solving Creativity Verbal communication Inquiry Discipline-specific content Developmentally Sensitive Design Interaction Design and Children, Aarahus, Denmark June 17, 2014 Mona Leigh Guha mona@cs.umd.edu @Mona_Leigh