1. Views Notwithstanding A Programmer’s guide to working with MySQL Tables in Drupal using PHP and SQL -- Srikanth Bangalore. Bangalore.srikanth@gmail.com Drupal ID: bangalos

2. Drupal APIs (in PHP) for: Creating a table During installation of your custom module Post installation of your custom module Inserting into table Querying the table and iterating over rows Creating a “Block” Creating an Admin “menu” (form) Creating a form

3. Creating a Table (during installation of custom module) hotornot.info name = Hot Or Not description = Builds A Hot Or Not Block, And Lets Users Rate Images In A Folder. package = Hot Or Not core = 6.x hotornot.module (to be populated later) hotornot.install (see next slide)

4. Hotornot.install <?php function hotornot_install() { switch ($GLOBALS['db_type']) { case 'mysql': case 'mysqli': // the {tablename} syntax is so multisite installs can add a prefix to the table name as set in the settings.php file db_query("CREATE TABLE {hotornot_filelist} ( file_idint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, file_pathvarchar(256) NOT NULL DEFAULT './.', present_or_notsmallint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, title varchar(256), description text ) /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;"); break; } }

5. Adding Another Table later function hotornot_update_1() { switch ($GLOBALS['db_type']) { case 'mysql': case 'mysqli': db_query ("CREATE TABLE {hotornot_userchoice} ( file_idint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, uidint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, hot_or_notsmallint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, PRIMARY KEY (file_id, uid) ) /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;"); break; } }

6. Things To Remember … db_query function accepts an SQL statement as input, and executes it.

7. function hotornot_repopulate() { $path_to_files = realpath('.') . variable_get('hotornot_folder', '/sites/default/files/hotornot'); $output = ""; $isql = "UPDATE {hotornot_filelist} SET present_or_not = 0 WHERE file_id>0"; $iresult = db_query($isql); if ($handle = opendir($path_to_files)) { while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) { if ($file != "." && $file != "..") { $output .= "$file"; $query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {hotornot_filelist} WHERE file_path = '$file'"; $num = db_result(db_query($query)); if($num) { $isql = "UPDATE {hotornot_filelist} SET present_or_not=1 WHERE file_path = '$file'"; $iresult = db_query($isql, $file); } else { $isql = "INSERT INTO {hotornot_filelist} (file_path, present_or_not) VALUES ('%s', 1)"; $iresult = db_query($isql, $file); } } } closedir($handle); } drupal_set_message($output); }

8. Things To Remember … db_query function accepts an SQL statement as input, and executes it. db_result(db_query($sql)) extracts the SINGLE value of the db_query result. variable_get function is used to get the value of a programmer-defined variable. (see later).

9. hotornot.module – part 1: adding the admin menu (a) <?php function hotornot_menu() { $items = array(); $items['admin/settings/hotornot'] = array( 'title' => t('Hot Or Not'), 'description' => t('Select The Hot Or Not Image Folder'), 'page callback' => 'drupal_get_form', 'page arguments' => array('hotornot_admin_settings'), 'access arguments' => array('administer site configuration'), ); return $items; } ….(see next slide)

10. hotornot.module – part 1: adding the admin menu (b) function hotornot_admin_settings() { $form = array(); $form['hotornot_folder'] = array( '#type' => 'textfield', '#title' => t('The folder where all the images for the Hot Or Not are Stored'), '#default_value' => variable_get('hotornot_folder', 'sites/default/files/hotornot'), ); $form['hotornot_repopulate'] = array( '#type' => 'submit', '#value' => 'Repopulate', ); $form['#submit'][] = 'hotornot_admin_settings_submit_handler'; return system_settings_form($form); } function hotornot_admin_settings_submit_handler(&$form, &$form_state) { if ($form_state['clicked_button']['#id'] == 'edit-hotornot-repopulate') { hotornot_repopulate(); } }

11. Things to remember … Use drupal forms api to build the forms, even the Admin forms. 3 steps to having your own module’s admin settings form: Define path + form_builder_function in hook_menu(); Build your form using the forms API. Remember to wrap your form with “system_settings_form” Do your “stuff” in the submit handler.

12. hotornot.module – part 2adding the block (a) function hotornot_block($op = 'list', $delta = 0, $edit = array()) { switch ($op) { case 'list': $blocks[0]['info'] = t('Rate this!'); return $blocks; case 'view': if ($delta == 0 ) { $block[0]['subject'] = t("Do you like ..."); $block[0]['content'] = drupal_get_form('hotornot_hotornotform'); } return $block[$delta]; } }

13. hotornot.module – part 2adding the block (b) function hotornot_hotornotform(&$form_state) { $form = array(); global $user; $sql = "SELECT filelist.file_path AS filename, filelist.file_id AS file_id, filelist.title AS file_title FROM {hotornot_filelist} as filelist WHERE filelist.present_or_not > 0 AND (filelist.file_id not in (SELECT file_id FROM {hotornot_userchoice} WHERE uid=%d)) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1"; $result = db_query($sql, $user->uid); $atleastoneexists = FALSE; while ($row = db_fetch_array($result)) { $atleastoneexists = TRUE; $form['my_fileid'] = array( '#type' => 'hidden', '#value' => $row['file_id'] );

14. hotornot.module – part 2adding the block (c) $form['picture'] = array( '#type' => 'markup', '#value' => '<img width="100%" src="' . base_path() . variable_get('hotornot_folder', '/sites/default/files/hotornot') . '/' . $row['filename'] . '"/><br/><strong>...'. $row['file_title'] . ' ?</strong><br/>', ); break; } if ($atleastoneexists) { $form['ishot'] = array( '#type' => 'submit', '#value' => t('Yes') ); $form['isnot'] = array( '#type' => 'submit', '#value' => t('No') ); } else { $form['picture'] = array( '#type' => 'markup', '#value' => '<p>Currently, you have seen all the items. Thank you.</p>', ); } return $form; }

15. hotornot.module – part 2adding the block (d) function hotornot_hotornotform_submit(&$form, &$form_state) { global $user; if ($form_state['clicked_button']['#id'] == 'edit-ishot') { $ishot = 1; } else { $ishot = 0; } $fileid = $form_state['clicked_button']['#post']['my_fileid']; $isql = "REPLACE INTO {hotornot_userchoice} (file_id, uid, hot_or_not) VALUES (%d, %d, %d)"; $iresult = db_query($isql, $fileid, $user->uid, $ishot); }

16. Things To Remember … db_query function accepts an SQL statement as input, and executes it. db_result(db_query($sql)) extracts the SINGLE value of the db_query result. To get the rows of the query result in an iterator. $result = db_query($sql); while ($row = db_fetch_array($result)) { $val = $row[‘column_name’] }

17. hotornot.module – part 3adding a page to enter title/desc (a) function hotornot_menu() { $items = array(); // ...code... $items['hotornot/administer'] = array( 'title' => t('Hot Or Not Administration'), 'description' => t('Add Or Edit Title And Descriptions to Hot Or Not Items'), 'page callback' => 'local_hotornot_administer_description_form', 'access arguments' => array('access content'), 'type' => MENU_CALLBACK, ); // ...code... return $items; } function local_hotornot_administer_description_form() { return drupal_get_form('hotornot_administer_description_form'); }

18. hotornot.module – part 3adding a page to enter title/desc (b) function hotornot_administer_description_form(&$form_state) { $form = array(); global $user; $form['blurb'] = array ( '#type' => 'markup', '#value' => '<p>You will be shown one picture at a time that does not have any title or description. You just have to enter a title and description and hit submit.</p>' , ); $sql = "SELECT filelist.file_path AS filename, filelist.file_id AS file_id, filelist.title AS title FROM {hotornot_filelist} as filelist WHERE filelist.present_or_not > 0 AND filelist.title is NULL LIMIT 1"; $result = db_query($sql); $atleastoneexists = FALSE; while ($row = db_fetch_array($result)) {

19. hotornot.module – part 3adding a page to enter title/desc (c) $atleastoneexists = TRUE; $form['fileid'] = array( '#type' => 'hidden', '#value' => $row['file_id'] ); $form['picture'] = array( '#type' => 'markup', '#value' => '<imgsrc="' . base_path() . variable_get('hotornot_folder', '/sites/default/files/hotornot') . '/' . $row['filename'] . '"/>', ); $form['title'] = array( '#type' => 'textfield', '#title' => 'Title', '#default_value' => $row['title'], ); } if ($atleastoneexists) { $form['submit'] = array( '#type' => 'submit', '#value' => 'Submit', );

20. hotornot.module – part 3adding a page to enter title/desc (d) } else { $form['picture'] = array( '#type' => 'markup', '#value' => '<p>Currently, you have seen all the items. Thank you.</p>', ); } return $form; } function hotornot_administer_description_form_submit(&$form, &$form_state) { $fileid = $form_state['values']['fileid']; $title = $form_state['values']['title']; $isql = "UPDATE {hotornot_filelist} SET title='%s' WHERE file_id=%d"; $iresult = db_query($isql, $title, $fileid); }

21. Summary We learnt how to create a new table at the time of installing our module How to use db_query, db_result, db_fetch_array How to create user blocks and user pages How to create Admin menus and define new variables How to use Forms API

22. Drupal 7 changes Switch(db_type) does not work! Db_result() is replaced with ->fetchField(); Db_query (“adb=%d,%s”, $a, $b) is replaced with Db_query(“abd=:a,:b”, array(‘:a’=>$a, ‘:b’=>$b));