2. over view:
Introduction to mammography.
Anatomy.
Breast cancer.
Imaging modalities.
Role of a mammographic technologist.
Mammographic views.
Reporting system.
Additional information for a mammography
technologist.
Artifacts.
Male mammography .
Conclusion.
3. INTRODUCTION
to mammography
Mammography is a special x-ray
of breasts with compression in order to
recognize any abnormalities of breast,
with dedicated mammography unit.
13. Mammography technologist
The Mammography Technologist, under
direct supervision, performs specialized
examinations of the breast to help in the
diagnosis and treatment of breast disease
in women patients.
14. Role of a Mammography technologist
Educate patients.
Promote privacy and comfort of the
patient.
Perform breast and axilla palpation.
Take proper history of a patient.
Produce high quality films for the
radiologist to evaluate.
Informing the radiologist regarding any
suspicious lesion.
15. Screening diagnostic
Performed in
asymptomatic
women in order
to pick up early
and potentially
curable cancers.
Helps in early
detection.
Performed in
symptomatic
women, who
complain of a lump,
nipple discharge,
skin changes etc.. In
order to diagnose
or rule out an
underlying cancer.
17. LAT
Left Axillary Tail
LCV
Left Cleavage
LFB
Left From Below
LLMO
Left Lateromedial
LML
Left Medio lateral
LRL
Left Roll Lateral
LRM
Left Roll Medial
LLM
Left Lateromedial
Supplementary views:
27. Reporting System:
BI-RADS: BREAST IMAGING-REPORTING
AND DATA SYSTEM
System which includes a standardized format
to guide patient care and improve physician
communication.
BI-RADS includes specifics for
mammography, ultrasound and MRI
reporting.
ALL breast imaging should be performed
according to BI-RADS guidelines
28. BI-RADS CATEGORIES: 1-6
BI-RADS: 0. FURTHER EVALUATION OR
PRIORS NEEDED
BI-RADS: 1. NEGATIVE
BI-RADS: 2. BENIGN FINDINGS
BI-RADS: 3. PROBABLY BENIGN (implies <2%
chance of malignancy)
BI-RADS: 4. SUSPICIOUS OF MALIGNANCY
(requires biopsy. May be subdivided as A,B,C: low,
intermediate, moderate)
BI-RADS: 5. HIGHLY SUSPICIOUS (requires
biopsy. Implies 95% likelihood of malignancy)
BI-RADS: 6. KNOWN MALIGNANCY (prior to
treatment)
29. BI-RADS
BI-RADS: 1 and 2. No action needed
BI-RADS: 3. Short term follow-up, usually
in 6 months or consider biopsy (decision
may be based on patient’s preference)
BIRADS: 4 and 5. Take action. Needs
biopsy
30. BI-RADS Breast Density Types
Type 1: “Almost Entirely Fat” or “Mostly
Fatty Replaced” (0-25%)
Type 2: “Scattered Fibroglandular” (25-
50%)
Type 3: “Heterogeneously Dense”. (50-
75%)
Type 4: “Extremely Dense” (>75%)
46. What’s best for your patients?
Digital imaging preferred
Experienced Radiologists and Techs
Proper imaging protocols
Timely reporting to physicians using BI-
RADS format and easy to understand
patient information
47. conclusion
Screening mammography can detect
precancerous changes in breast.
Early detection results in a high cure rate of
breast cancer.
Mammography is the only tool which has
reduced death rates due to breast cancer.
Even basic screening can be terrifying to
patients. Sometimes the most important
service we provide is REASSURANCE
48. Breast Cancer is a common but mostly
treatable disease
Screening is the key to early diagnosis but
only works if patients trust that it is safe and
effective (and it is!)
It is our job to: Educate patients, order
appropriate imaging, provide consistent
follow-up and communicate.
This is a team effort!