This is ppt on waterlogging reclamation in IGNP-stage I

1. N.K. Buildcon’s Study of Waterlogged Area under
IGNP
 NK Buildcon identified water
logged area 22851 ha having water
table depth 0- 1.50 m below
ground level.
 Reasons for waterlogging were
identified as close basin on left
side of IGMN, wherein no
aqueduct was provided to cross
drainage, seepage from IGMN and
distribution system due to
dilapidated condition ,low lying
area near badopal pond and
seepage from Ghaggar depressions
used for storage through GDC
canal.
 Consultant prepared cost estimates
of Rs 298.31 Cr for reclamation.

2. N.K. Buildcon Study of Waterlogged Area under IGNP
Under proposed action plan for
reclamation following measures were
suggested:-
Construction of main drain 157 km
long passing under the IGMN and
GDC.
Construction of Syphons at IGMN
at RD 96.3 and Ghaggar Drainage
Channel (GDC) at RD 150
Beside that disposal of saline water
was given two alternatives;
(i) Either pump the water in to
Anoopgarh Branch at km 145 of
main drain
(ii) Carry forward to Ghaggar river
bed further downstream.
Anoopgarh
Shakha

3. Need for Revision of N.K. Buildcon Study
 The proposal of NK Buildcon for reclamation of water logged area costing Rs
298.31 Cr was submitted to CWC MOWR GoI for technical appraisal.
 During appraisal CGWB MOWR GoI objected to the N.K. Buildcon study
reports on the grounds that proposal to drain out the storm water or surplus
irrigation water (surface/sub surface) in open drains by gravity flow is not
sufficient wherein sections are wide and flow at shallow depth could be
another source of waterlogging.
 NDB took note on this observation and required WRD GoR to revise this
study through EMC consultant and further validated by CAD consultant.
 For this study provision of Rs 1.0 Cr was kept in procurement/investment
plan of the project as approved by NDB.
 As per approved TOR, EMC is entrusted to carry out water logging study
based on all kind of data provided by the WRD GoR as and when required by
the consultant.

4. Preliminary Study by EMC Consultant
The consultant identified critically affected
area as 10,425 hectare which is either ponded
or have water table within 0-3.50 m bgl. This
area is proposed to be rehabilitated by
surface/sub surface drainage plan. Rest of
WL area is anticipated to be rehabilitated
with relining of IGF/IGMN & distribution
system.
This area is divided into three zones
 Zone I:
The proposed area is Gandheri (Rawatsar) to
IGMN km 96.30 (Khetwali) on left bank
Area -2034 hectares
 Zone II :
The area lies in between right bank of IGMN
and left bank of Ghaggar drainage channel
(GDC).
Area -1027 Hectares
 Zone III :
Major area falls under zone III. The area lies
on right bank of GDC covering villages -
Bherusari, Jhakhrawali, Zorawarpura, 18
SPD, Labana, Badopal, Manatheri and
Jhuriawali
Area -7364 hectares.
Zone-I
Zone-II
Zone-III

5. Soil Investigations Conducted by EMC Consultant
Zone
Area
Ha
Observed Value by Water & Soil Sample test at ICAR,
Karnal
Type of
Soil
affected
(Saline/Alk
aline)
Recommendation
Value
Water Soil
EC
rang
e
(ds
/m)
pH
range
SAR
range
me/l
Na%
range
EC
range
ds /m
pH
range
SAR
range
me/l
Na%
range
Zone-I 2035
5.9
to
49.1
7.53
to
8.95
24.4
to
56.4
27.7
to
56.5
3.9
to
27.6
7.65
to
8.89
5.4
to
37.0
61.39
to
159.74
Saline EC value<4 ds m^-1
pH < 8.2
esp (Exchangeable
Sodium %) <15
SAR <13
Zone-II 1,026
8.7
to
75.9
8.25
to
8.75
24.6
to
84.8
24.7
to
84.8
7.2
to
9.7
8.60
to
9.21
20.7
to
31.2
76.24
to
87.83
Saline EC value<4 ds m^-1
pH < 8.2
esp <15
SAR <13
Zone-III 7.364
3.9
to
11.6
7.5
to
7.7
5.6
to
18.2
52.1
To
68.48
6.0
to
9.3
8.28
to
9.40
11.1
to
17.9
63.42
to
72.98
Saline EC value<4 ds m^-1
pH < 8.2
esp <15
SAR <13
Total
area
10,425

6. Ground Water Table Observation Study made by EMC

7. Reclamation Plan by EMC Consultant
 For Zone I: Develop/Renovate
surface drainage network, to bring
the drained water to km. 96.3 of
IGMN on left bank and Pump the
water in IGMN. Existing pump
house to be renovated with VT
pump arrangement.
 For Zone II: Develop network of
surface/subsurface drains, bring the
saline water near km. 99 of IGMN
and pump the drained water in
IGMN by constructing a pump
house.
 For Zone III:- Develop network of
surface/subsurface drains, bring the
saline water up to newly
constructed Baropal pump house
under separate Sem nivaran head
and pump the water up to IGMN at
km 165 through series of booster
pumps.
Zone-I
Zone-II
Zone-III

8. Strategy for Reclamation of Waterlogged Area under
IGNP
 Total water logged area under
IGNP-Stage for water table depth
upto 0-1.5 m is identified as 22831
ha.
 Out of this, about 12000 ha area
adjoining IGMN and its
distribution system is likely to
reclaimed with lining and re-
sectioning for minimum wetted
perimeter of flow for IGMN and
distribution system.
 Rest of critical water logged area
(10425 ha) lying in three zones is to
be reclaimed by surface and
subsurface drainage system.
 In the first stage 3274 ha will be
taken up as pilot project and rest of
the area will be taken up after
successful implementation of first
stage.
 The planning of system will be
made in totality.

9. Reclamation Plan for Ist Stage of Waterlogging
Reclamation
Out of critically waterlogged area
proposed for reclamation, WRD
GoR has planned to take up 3274 ha
in first stage as a pilot project.
The details of area proposed in each
of zones are:-
Zone I- 1151 Hectare
Zone II- 1084 Hectare
Zone III- 1039 Hectare
Total -3274 Hectare

10. Work Flow Process and Time Line Adopted for Execution of
Waterlogging Reclamation under IGNP
Reconnaissance Survey of Target Area &
Prepare Concept Note for possible modes
of reclamation and required detailed
Investigations, issue work orders for
survey & investigations
WRD GoR to Procure Data for
detailed Survey & Investigations
EMC to Develop Detailed Plan,
& Cost Estimates for WL
Reclamation in Target Area in
coordination with ICAR Karnal,
CAD Consultant and NDB
Consultant
Detailed Plan & Cost
Estimates to be validated by
Executive Committee)
Issue award for Work
Completion of
Work for
Stage I
14th April
2022
15th Apr
2021
28th Feb
2021
15th Feb
2021
15 Nov
2020
15 Aug
2020
Planning &
Design for
Second Stage
will run in
parallel after
approval of first
stage by
Executive
Committee &
Second Stage is
speculated to be
completed by
31st March 2023

11. Next Milestone before WRD GoR
 A&F sanction for topographic survey of first stage target area in 3274 ha
is under process.
 Issue of work orders for topographic survey & investigations-15 Aug 20
 Completion of topographic survey by end of 15th Nov 20 .
 Completion of design, drawings, cost estimates and tender documents
by EMC – 15th Feb 21
 Approval of Executive Committee of RWSRPD by 28th Feb 21.
 Issue of award for work of First Stage by 15th April 21.
 Works of stage I are scheduled to be completed by 14th April 22.
 WRD GoR will initiate survey, design and estimation of second stage
just after approval of first stage plan by the executive committee and
issue work orders for second stage by 1st Oct 21 and work of second
stage will be completed by 31st March 23.

12. Waterlogged Area Reclaimed by Relining of IGF/IGMN
& Distribution system
 The level of water table in
adjoining water logged area
has diminished by 3.0 m.
 The adjoining waterlogged has
now been reclaimed without
any secondary treatment.
 Sources of seepage has been
identified and repaired in
complete closure.
 Farmers in these waterlogged
area have started sowing
wheat which was lying barren
for last few decades.

13. Flow Chart for Designing a SSD System
Information
(Climate,
Topography,
soils, crops,
water table &
soil salinity)
Is SSD
System
Confirm
Outlet
Type
Choose System
Layout
Select DC,
Drain
depth &
Spacing
Determine Pipe
size and grade
Is Filter
required
Finalize Design
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes

14. • Topographic survey and map of the
target area
• Data of soil physio-chemical soil
properties
• Depth and fluctuation of groundwater
table
• Quality of groundwater
• Hydraulic conductivity of the subsoil
material
• Groundwater level to up which is to
maintain on the basis of crops to be
grown
• Irrigation practices and their
requirements
Investigations for subsurface drainage System (SSD)

15. Layout of tile Sub-Surface Drainage Network System
Laterals
Main Drains
Outlet of Drains
Sump well
Pump
Discharging Point

16. Material of tiles
 Clay, Concrete, PVC/Plastic pipes,
Bituminous fiber or steel
 Pipe material should be:
o Resistant to weathering and freezing
o Have high density
o Have sufficient strength to withstand
static and dynamic loads
o Have uniformity in shape and wall
thickness
Synthetic Fiber Pipes
PVC Pipes
Clay Tile

17. Inlet to tile drains:
• Allows surface water ingress into the drainage
system
• These are two types:
Blind inlet - cheaper but chances of clogging
Surface inlet - have provisions to prevent the
trash entering into the drains but costly
Outlet for drains:
Water from tile drains are discharged into big size
surface drains and further carried to disposal
location either by gravity or pumping.
 Gravity outlet - invert level of tile drain is higher
than fully supply level of surface drain
 Pump outlet - invert level of the outlet is higher
than FSL in sump.
Blind inlet
Surface inlet
Gravity outlet
Pump outlet

18.  Trenchless plough digging and lying
of perforated pipe and designated
depth and grade.
 Manual laying of drain tile and
accessory structures
Excavation of a trench
Laying the tile at predetermined
grade, depth and spacing
Putting the envelope material and
backfilling the soil
6Method of Installation of SSD System

19. Prospects of SSD over Surface Drainage
 Wastage of land is quite less as compared to surface drainage.
 Less chances of silting/clogging of drains, therefore better design life.
 It is designed to trap the water ingress in root zone, therefore section
size is quite less.
 It is quite easy to install, with modern implements wherein
simultaneous digging and laying of perforated pipes at design depth
could be made very easily. The whole process involves land and
installation depth data feeding to remote server, where design and
actual installation depth and grades could be monitored through data
add ins on implements and software application installed on server.
 Auto cleaning of perforated pipes take place with application of
irrigation and ran water overland.
 Carrier drains depth are quite minimized to cater subsurface water and
rain water for C class drainage.
 Removal of salts from ground water is very effective with fast reclaim.
 Due to burial nature of system, wastage of top soil is minimum and
using optimum grade of filters loss of soil particles could be reduced to
zero and only water with dissolved salts is extracted from system.
 Can be reinstalled after cleaning of pores and replacement of filters.

20. Water Logging Reclamation
by SSD
In Chambal Command
A Case Study

21. • Chambal Command is irrigated by
water released by regeneration of
power through series of river valley
multipurpose irrigation projects
situated on Chamabl River i.e.
Gandhisagar, Ranapratapsagar,
Gandhisagar dams.
• This released water is ultimately
diverted into chambal command by
Kota Barrage situated in Kota city.
• The CCA of chambal command is
385,000 ha of which 229,000 ha lies in
Rajasthan.
Intro of Chambal Command

22. • In Chambal command irrigation was introduced early in the stage of
development of project, without implementation of roster warabandi.
• Farmers utilized water without any deterrence and exploited with overuse,
resulted in increase in water table and accumulation of salt on the surface.
• Salinity and waterlogging problems were detected in 1960's.
• By 1970's, about 161,000 ha showed evidence of waterlogging (water table
within 3 m of the soil surface) and about 25,000 ha was affected by soil
salinity.
Rise of Soil Salinity & Water Logging in Chambal
Command

23. • To combat the problem of increase in water table in chambal command
RAJAD project was started in 1991, initially for a 7-years period.
• It was undertaken jointly by the Governments of India, the State of
Rajasthan and Canada.
• The main focus of the project was on establishing horizontal gravity based
subsurface drainage system in a target area of about 20,000 ha area,
preceded by a pilot research project in about 10 percent of the target area
to determine various parameters of the design to be followed for the
larger area.
• The soil survey of about 61,000 ha in CCA was conducted during 1992-95
as a part of this project and 17,500 ha area was found suffering from soil
salinity problem.
RAJAD Project

24. • During 1992-95, experimental test sites were established on 2,100 ha of
land to assess the effectiveness of SSD for salinity control and develop the
design criteria for the project.
• Water table monitoring at 250 ha locations in the drainage blocks
indicated that during the crop seasons, nearly 65 percent of the study area
had average water table depth within 1 m of the ground surface. About 30
percent of the area had a water table within 2 m.
• The soil salinity survey in these drainage blocks, on an 8.5 ha grid showed
that about 36 percent of the area was saline (ECe > 4 dS/m and SAR<15)
or saline-sodic (ECe > 4 dS/m and SAR>15).
• Productivity of crops in salinity affected and non-saline areas of Chambal
Command was found as
Status of Command before implementation of Pilot
Project
Crop
Crop Yield (quintals/ha)
Saline/waterlogged
Non-Saline/Non-
waterlogged
Wheat 17.0 34.0
Mustard 6.1 14.7
Paddy 17.0 29.0
Soybean 10.2 21.8
Berseem 360 520.0
Sugarcane na 567.5

25. • Twelve experimental sites, in 1,420 ha, were chosen to best represent the
irrigation induced soil salinity and waterlogging conditions in the project
area.
• SSD was installed in five sites ranging in size from 50-180 ha at spacing of
15, 30, 60 and 75 m and an average depth of 1.2 m. In this area SSD was
installed using local excavation equipment. These five sites were
intensively monitored to evaluate the effect of drain depth and crop
production.
• Five larger SSD test sites ranging in size from 118 to 340 ha were installed
• These sites were designed with drain spacing of 30, 40 and 60 m and an
average depth of 1.2 m. The main purpose of these sites was to
demonstrate the applicability of the trenchless plow technology for this
region.
• Two additional test sites were installed following the development of the
design criteria for large scale SSD installation.
Implementation of RAJAD Pilot Project

26. Impacts of RAJAD Pilot Project
Impact Improvement
1. Salinity reclamation
(i) Soils with EC 4-8 dS/m
(ii) Soils with EC 8-16 dS/m
(iii)Soils with EC> 16 dS/m
2-3 years to achieve
3-4 years to achieve
>4 years achieve
2 Water table control 20-40 cm draw down in 3-4 days
3 Soil trafficability Advanced by 6-10 days
4 Crop yield 56 percent increase in soybean and 55
percent increase in wheat yields
5 Cropping intensity Increased from 150-160 percent to 170-185
percent

27. Cost Economics of RAJAD Pilot Project
Assumptions-
Capital cost of SSD of Rs. 34,250 per ha,
Discount rate of 12 percent
Benefits would accrue from the entire SSD installed area, with 30 year life
expectancy
CALCULATIONS
Benefit / Cost ratio : 2.6
Net present value (NPV) per ha : Rs. 54,900
The internal rate of return (IRR) would be 28 percent, which was found to be
2.4 times of the market rate of interest that a farmer pay, if it is fully financed
by the farmer.

28. Video Clip by AgriDrainage Co.