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Beach Water Quality Threats and Improvements in Southern California-Baja California
- 2. Beach Water Quality in Southern California-Northern Baja California Threats, Impacts, Improvements Global Wave Conference Rosarito, Baja California, MEXICO May 6, 2013
- 4. Threats
- 5. High Inmigration Rate Due to Free Trade Agreements like NAFTA Tijuana is one of the fastest growing cities in Latin- America
- 6. Unregulated Urban Developments or “Shanty Neighborhoods”
- 7. Insufficient Financial Resources City of San Diego: 2 million residents Budget: 2.7 billion dollars City of Tijuana: 2 million residents Budget: 391 million dollars
- 10. Sewage Spills
- 11. Inadequate Public Notification of Sewage Spills
- 12. Insufficiently Treated Sewage Effluent from CoastalTreatment Plants in the Border Region
- 13. San Antonio de Los Buenos Sewage Treatment Plant or “Punta Bandera”
- 14. Unseasonal Flow in the Tijuana River
- 16. Impacts
- 17. High Level of Ocean-Related Ilnesses Reported
- 18. High Levels of Hepatitis A in Coastal Waters Impacted by Tijuana River Pollution
- 19. Study published in the Journal of Water and Health Found: High Viral Count of Entero and Adeno- Viruses High concentrations of viruses found in coastal samples collected at: • Baja Malibu, Baja CA • Punta Bandera, Baja CA • Tijuana River Mouth
- 20. Improvements
- 21. Local Inter-Agency Working Groups
- 22. Multi-million dollar upgrade to IWTP
- 23. EPA-Funded Project to Improve Water Quality Monitoring at Playas de Tijuana
- 24. Two New Sewage Treatment Plants Arturo Herrera and La Morita
- 25. Upgrade to Rosarito Sewage Treatment Plant. 2014?
- 26. Upgrade to the San Antonio de los Buenos Treatment Plant (Punta Bandera)
- 27. Moving Forward
- 28. Improvements Needed 1. Increase the number of sampling sites in the Rosarito–Playas de Tijuana region to improve water quality monitoring for ocean users and beach goers. 2. Revise and improve beach closure protocol and public notification. 3.Scientific research is needed on the public health impacts to ocean users in the Rosarito-Playas de Tijuana area.
- 29. Conclusions
- 30. Surfers play a vital stewardship role in beach water quality monitoring and improvements. Education and awareness are key in pushing forward solutions.
- 31. Gracias! Paloma Aguirre Border Conservation Director paloma@wildcoast.net
Notes de l'éditeur
- Introduce self and talkaboutwhyyougotinvolvedwith WiLDCOAST. Exposedto a potentiallylifethreateningdisease.
- Totalkaboutwaterquality in theborderregionweneedtotalkaboutthe Tijuana RiverWatershed as itisthemostpollutedbody of water and mainpolluterforborderregionbeaches. Cover Tijuana RiverWatershedstats. Tijuana River Valley, Estuary and new Marine Protectedarea at the Tijuana Rivermouth¾ in Mexico ¼ in U.S. Dischargessouth of Imperial Beach. The TJ Riverisonly a seasonalriver and flowsduringorafter rain events in thewinter. It can carry up to 3 BGD
- Tijuana is on of the fastest growing cities in latinamericaIt is a popular tourist destinationIt is rich in art and cultureBut one of the main reasons it grow so fast is due to free trade agreements and a very high employment rate compared to third world countriesAbout 90% of the electronics we purchase in the U.S. have been assembled in TijuanaTextiles, car parts, metal industry, furniture etcBecause of the
- Unregulatedurbandevelopments are one of themainsources of pollutionbecausesome of theseneighborhoodsdonthaveenoughinfrastructuresuch as sewagecollectionortrashcollectionservices. So thelocals are forcedto use creekbeds as landfills. Many of thesecreeks are tributariestothe Tijuana River and uponthefirst rain flusheddown and acrosstheborderwastewater and trash
- So why do theseareasdonthaveenoughinfratrastructure?Beacuse a severelack of rfinancialresources. As you can seeherethese are the 2013 budgetsforthecities of Tijuana and San Diego. Tijuana and San Diego haveroughlythesameamount of residentsyet Tijuana only has about 14% of itsresources.
- Mentionthecleanup and theslaughterhouserightnexttothecleanupsitethatdrainedintothecreek.
- June 2010SewagespillDecember2011 40 MilliongallonsewageApril 4 2012 4 milliongallonsewagespillApril 22nd 3 milliongallonsewagespill
- March 18 2013 sewagespill happening duringwhilethispicturewastaken. Itwas a holiday in Mexico so no onewasnotifiedbecuaseoftheholidaysUntilwewenttoinvestigatethesourcethe of weirdsmells in Imperial Beach itwasmadeknownthat a sewagespillwas happening in Playas, where a pipeline hadbroken and wasspillingrawsewagedirectlyintothebeach
- A differentsource of pollutionotherthanailingsewageinfrastrastructure and the Tijuana River are theeffluentscomingfromtheNorthern Baja coastaltreatmentplants. Unfortunately, most of theseplantsonlytreatwastewater at a veryrudimentarylevel.
- Forexamplethe San Antonio de Los Buenos Sewagetreatmentplantlocatedjustnorthfromhere. AS you can see in thepicturethehavesedimentationponds and chlorinatetheeffluentbeforebeingdischargeintothe surf zone. AdditionallyMexicanpolicydoesnotrequiresewagestretamentplanteffluentto be discharged offshore as the U.S. Does. So thereis a higherprobabilityforhealthimpactstooceanusers. Anotherexampleisthe Rosarito sewagetreatmentplantjustnexttous, thatneedto be updgraded.Depending in oceancurrentdirectionthisflowparticularly in thesummerwhenwegetthesouthswells can impactbeachwaterqualityalltheway up to Imperial BeachAlso, anotherissuesspecifictothisarea in Rosarito are theresidentialdevelopmentsonthehillsides.Sometimethesedevelopersibtain municipal permitforconstruction and committtobuilding and maintaingthereown micro sewagetretamentplants. Butthenthisbecomestoocostly and theysimplyleavethem. Aso youhavemanyissueswithrawsewageflowingstraightdownhillintotheocean.
- A newthreatthat has recently emerged istheunseasonalcross-borderflow in the Tijuana River.
- Twostate ofthe art sewagetreatmentplants in Tijuana called Arturo Herrera and La Morita are treating a largesection of thecity’ssewagetotertiarylevels. Thistreatedeffluent can be usedforirrigiationorother beneficial uses. Unfortunatelythestaetpublicservicescommissiondoes no havethenecessaryinfrsatructuretoconveythistreatedeffluent and isforcedtodischargeintothe TJ River, whereis mixes withrenegadeflows and otherpollutants. Approximately 16 milliongallons of thistreatedeffluentisdischargedintotherivereveryday. A pumpstationcommonlyknown as the CILA divertersystemwas placed right at theborder and ismeantto capture thisunseasonalflow and redirecttothe SAP treatmentplantpreventingitfromcomingacrosstheborder, yetit has onlylimitedcapacity and alsobreakdownduetothesystembeingoverwhelmed and in need of maintenance. Whenthishappensit has to be turned off. Theflowthen comes across and flowallthewayintotheoceanimactingbeachwaterquality as farnorth as IB orsouth as Playas de Tijuana
- 3 in 5 OceanUsers in Imperial Beach ReportOcean -relatedIlnesses
- SDSU School of publichealthttooksamples of the Imperial Beach pier and the Tijuana Rivermouthafter a rain event and foundthereis a one in ten chance of contracting Hepatitis A aftercoming in contactwithoceanwaterpollutedbythe TJ river.
- Detection of viruseswaspositivelycorrelatedwiththepresence of infectiousviruses. Furtherresearchisneededto determine ifdetection of virusesbyrapidmethodssuch as RT-QPCR can be a usefulwaterqualitymonitoringtooltoassesshealthrisks in recreationalwaters.Journal of Water and Health
- Local inter-agencyworkinggroupssuch as theCleanBeachesCommittees of Playas and Rosarito haveprovento be a venuetoaddressthesewaterqualityissues and collaborationbetween agencies at thelcoal, state and federal level as well as NGO’s and memebrfromthe academia
- The ITWP in San Ysidro CA right at theborderwasbuilt in the 90’s under a binational treatyagreementbetweentheInternaitonal and BoundarywaterCommission and itsMexicancounterpart CILA. Thispplantcollectssewagefromthecity of Tijuana and treats in the US. at a sharedcost. WilDCOASTamongmanyotheradvocacygroupshelpedpass a 66 milliondollarupgradethatwasrecentlyfinsishedtonowtreatsewage at advancedprimarylevels.
- WILDCOAST throughtheCleanBeachesCommittee has beenawarded a granttoconduct a beachwaterqualitymonitoringprojectto revise and upgradethebeachclosureprotocal and publicnotificationsystem. Throughtehsefundsbeachsignswill be purchased, managed and placed bythe local Playas lifeguards.
- Asmentionedearlierthe new sewagetreatmentplants in thecity of tijuanahavesome of themoststate of the art treatmentfacilities and in thefutureitishopedthatundergoinganadditionallevle of treatmentcouldprovidedrinkingwater in thefuture