older version

1. EXECUTIVE
ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES CORP (EESC)
and
ALLIANCE of SCHOOLS for
COOPERATIVE
INSURANCE PROGRAMS
(ASCIP)
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 1
only. EESC 2006

2. Presents
Laboratory Safety &
The Chemical Hygiene
Plan
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 2
only. EESC 2006

3. TOPICS
• Cal/OSHA Standard 5191
• Your District’s Chemical Hygiene Plan
• WHAT IS IN AN MSDS?
• CHEMICAL CLASSES
– PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
• HEALTH EFFECTS
• PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LEVELS
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 3
only. EESC 2006

4. CAL/OSHA Standard
5191 (1991)
• “Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories.”
• Laboratory use of hazardous chemicals
• Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Employee Information and Training
• Medical consultation and exams
• Hazard Identification
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 4
only. EESC 2006

5. Your District’s
Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Department Responsibilities:
– Departmental CHP
– Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
– Designation of a Chemical Hygiene Officer
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 5
only. EESC 2006

6. Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Basic Laboratory Safety Rules
– No eating or drinking in labs
– No open toed shoes/sandals/shorts
– Wear appropriate PPE
– Do not taste or smell chemicals
– Close all containers when not in use
• Specific Safety Rules per SOPs
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 6
only. EESC 2006

7. Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Labeling (All containers must be labeled)
– Either original Manufacturer’s Label
or
– Identity & Concentration (100% Acetone)
– Warning words (Flammable)
– Date prepared
– Initials of preparer
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 7
only. EESC 2006

8. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 8
only. EESC 2006

9. Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Chemical Procurement
– Departmental Written Protocol
– Approval Process
– Substitute with less hazardous chemicals
– Limit purchase amounts
– Obtain MSDS
– Maintain Chemical Inventory
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 9
only. EESC 2006

10. GOING GREEN
GREEN CHEMISTRY
• US EPA website www.epa.gov
– Creating Your Own School Cleanout
– 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
• American Chemical Society
– www.chemistry.org
– Integrating Green Chemistry into the
Curriculum
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 10
only. EESC 2006

11. Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Chemical Storage
– Braced shelves or cabinets
– Flammable storage cabinets
– Acid cabinets
– Reactives
– Corrosives
– Compressed Gas Cylinders
– Incompatible Chemicals
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 11
only. EESC 2006

12. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 12
only. EESC 2006

13. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 13
only. EESC 2006

14. WHAT IS IN AN MSDS?
• Name of Manufacturer/Supplier
• Date MSDS was last updated
• The Chemical Name = Acetone
• The Common Name = Acetone
• CAS # = 67-64-1
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 14
only. EESC 2006

15. WHAT IS IN AN MSDS?
• Physical and Chemical Properties:
–BP, MP, VP, etc.
• Fire, Explosion and Reactivity
hazards:
–FP, LEL & UEL
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 15
only. EESC 2006

16. WHAT IS IN AN MSDS?
• Health Hazards for Acetone
• Route of entry:
Skin & Inhalation
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 16
only. EESC 2006

17. WHAT IS IN AN MSDS?
• Precautions for Safe Handling
• Control Measures:
PPE = Rubber gloves
• Emergency and First Aid
Procedures
• Carcinogen information: No
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 17
only. EESC 2006

18. CHEMICAL CLASSES
• REACTIVITY
• CORROSIVITY
• FLAMMABILITY
• TOXICITY
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 18
only. EESC 2006

19. REACTIVITY
• Water Reactive
• Air Reactive
• Shock Explosive
• Spontaneous Ignition
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 19
only. EESC 2006

20. CORROSIVITY
♦pH < 2 or > 12.5
–OR
♦Corrodes Steel at a rate greater than
• 6.35 mm/year @55°C (131°F)
• 0.250 inches/year
• Generates Hydrogen
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 20
only. EESC 2006

21. FLAMMABILITY
Flash Point (FP)
• Lowest temp. of a liquid which
produces enough vapor to ignite
• Needs ignition source
• Determines Hazard Category
Flammability = Ignitability
• EPA uses Closed Cup Criteria
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 21
only. EESC 2006

22. FLAMMABILITY
• Class 1A Flammable Liquid
– FP < 73F and BP < 100F
• Class 1B Flammable Liquid
– FP < 73F and BP ≥ 100F
• Class 1C Flammable Liquid
– FP ≥ 73F and < 100F
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 22
only. EESC 2006

23. 5538. Office, Educational and
Institutional Occupancies
• (a) Storage shall be limited to that required for operation of office
equipment, maintenance, demonstration, treatment, and laboratory
work. All liquids in laboratories and at other points of use shall meet the
following storage provisions:
• (1) No container for Class I or Class II liquids shall exceed a capacity of
one gallon except that safety cans can be of two gallons capacity.
• (2) Not more than 10 gallons of Class I and Class II liquids combined
shall be stored outside of a storage cabinet or storage room, except in
safety cans.
• (3) Not more than 25 gallons of Class I and Class II liquids combined
shall be stored in safety cans outside of a storage room or storage
cabinet.
• (4) Not more than 60 gallons of combustible liquids shall be stored
outside of a storage room or storage cabinet.
• (5) Quantities of flammable and combustible liquids in excess of those
set forth in this section shall be stored in an inside storage room or
storage cabinet. (Title 24, T8-5538)
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 23
only. EESC 2006

24. FLAMMABILITY
• Class II Combustible Liquid
– FP ≥ 100F and < 140F
• Class IIIA Combustible Liquid
– FP ≥ 140F and < 200F
• Class IIIB Combustible Liquid
– FP ≥ 200F
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 24
only. EESC 2006

25. FLAMMABILITY
• Upper Flammability Limit (UFL)
• Lower Flammability Limit (LFL)
• Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)
• Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
% by volume at room temp
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 25
only. EESC 2006

26. FLAMMABILITY
LEL UEL Range
p-Xylene 1.1 7.0 5.9
Propane 2.1 9.5 7.4
MeCl2 13 23 10
Acetylene 2.5 100 97.5
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 26
only. EESC 2006

27. Vapor Pressure (VP)
• Measures relative volatility
• VP increases with increasing temp
• Don’t store high VP chemicals in
Direct sunlight!
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 27
only. EESC 2006

28. Vapor Pressure (VP)
Examples:
• Propane 8.4 atm (Gas)
• MeCl2 350 mm Hg
• Benzene 75 mm Hg
• Water 17.5 mm Hg
• Perc. 14 mm Hg
• PCBs 0.001 mm Hg
• Asbestos 0
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 28
only. EESC 2006

29. TOXICITY
The ability to cause harm.
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 29
only. EESC 2006

30. TOXICITY
• Toxicity depends on:
– Route of exposure
– Dose
– Duration
– Reaction to multiple chemicals
– Sensitivity
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 30
only. EESC 2006

31. TOXICITY
• Route of exposure
–Inhalation
–Skin contact
–Eye contact
–Ingestion
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 31
only. EESC 2006

32. TOXICITY
• Dose Response Curve
– LD50 and LC50
– mg/kg and ppm or mg/m3
– NOEL = No Observable Effect Level
• LD50 < 2,500 mg/kg = Hazardous Waste
• Acetone Oral, rat: LD50 = 5,800 mg/kg;
• Benzene Oral-MAN LD 50 = 50 mg/ kg
• Arsenic Oral -RAT LD50 = 763 mg kg
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 32
only. EESC 2006

33. TOXICITY
• Duration
– Acute = Short Term
• Accidental splash
– Chronic = Long Term
• Coal Miner
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 33
only. EESC 2006

34. TOXICITY
• Reaction to multiple chemicals
– What is the target organ?
– Additive effect
• Toluene + Gasoline
– Synergistic
• Asbestos + Smoking
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 34
only. EESC 2006

35. TOXICITY
• Sensitivity
– Allergies
– Sensitizers
• Acrylates, Flour dust, Formaldehyde,
Gluteraldehyde, Turpentine, TDI
– Age
– Health
– Genetics
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 35
only. EESC 2006

36. ACUTE HEALTH
EFFECTS
• Irritants - Dusts, Acid mists, Solvents
– Target Organs
• Eyes - Red, itchy, tears
• Skin - Dermatitis, rash, defatting
• Respiratory System - coughing
– Example: Acetone
• Irritating to Eyes, Nose & Throat
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 36
only. EESC 2006

37. CHRONIC HEALTH
EFFECTS
• Target Organs
– Lungs - Silica & Asbestos
– Liver = Hepatotoxins
• Carbon Tetrachloride, Nitrosamines
– Kidney = Nephrotoxins
• Halogenated Hydrocarbons, Uranium
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 37
only. EESC 2006

38. CHRONIC HEALTH
EFFECTS
• Target Organs
– Neurotoxins = Nervous system
• Mercury, Carbon disulfide,
– Hematopoietic = blood system
• Carbon monoxide, Cyanides
– Reproductive Toxins
• Lead, Alcohol
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 38
only. EESC 2006

39. CHRONIC HEALTH
EFFECTS
CANCER
State of California Prop. 65 List - Several
hundred chemicals in 4 categories
• Carcinogens
• Developmental Toxicity
• Female Reproductive Toxicity
• Male Reproductive Toxicity
• Government buildings are exempted from
posting warning signs
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 39
only. EESC 2006

40. Permissible Exposure
Levels (PEL)
• California Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (Cal/OSHA)
– 8 hour time-weighted average
– 40-hour workweek
– “nearly all workers”
– daily exposure
– “without adverse effect”
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 40
only. EESC 2006

41. Permissible Exposure
Levels (PEL)
• Definitions
– PEL TLV & TWA
– STEL
– Ceiling Limit
– Odor Threshold
– REL
– IDLH
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 41
only. EESC 2006

42. ACETONE
Cal/OSHA PEL 750 ppm
Federal TWA 1000 ppm
NIOSH REL 250 ppm
Cal/OSHA STEL 1000 ppm
Cal/OSHA Ceiling 3000 ppm
NIOSH IDLH 2500 ppm (10% LEL)
ACGIH TWA 500 ppm
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 42
only. EESC 2006

43. BENZENE
Cal/OSHA PEL 1 ppm
Federal TWA 1 ppm
NIOSH REL 0.1 ppm
Cal/OSHA STEL 5 ppm
NIOSH STEL 1 ppm
NIOSH IDLH 500 ppm
ACGIH TWA 0.5 ppm
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 43
only. EESC 2006

44. Hazard Recognition
• Odor Threshold
– Acetone 4.58 ppm
– Benzene 8.65 ppm
– Acetic Acid 0.016 ppm
– Hydrogen Sulfide 0.0005 ppm
– Carbon Disulfide 0.096 ppm
• olfactory fatigue
– Carbon Monoxide 100,000 ppm
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 44
only. EESC 2006

45. Hazard Recognition
• Health Effects of Overexposure to Acetone
– Headache, Coughing
– Dizziness or Dullness
– Irritation of skin, eyes, throat or lungs
– Skin Exposure through damaged PPE can
cause defatting action and dermatitis
• Wash thoroughly & seek medical help
– Use of Alcohol enhances toxic effects
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 45
only. EESC 2006

46. Hazard Recognition
• Detector Tubes - Drager tubes
• Passive Air Monitoring - 3M OVM
• Active Air Monitoring - Charcoal Tubes
• Direct Reading Instruments
– GC/FID or PID
– Confined Space 4 gas analyzer
• O2, CO2, CO, H2S
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 46
only. EESC 2006

47. PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• LABORATORY WORK PPE
– Labcoat
– Gloves
– Shoes (no sandals)
– Long-sleeved pants (no shorts)
– Goggles (splashing hazards)
– Aprons (nitric acid)
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 47
only. EESC 2006

48. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 48
only. EESC 2006

49. GLOVES
• Choose your gloves wisely
– Latex - minimal protection
– Rubber
– Nitrile
– Leather - tools only
– Suggested gloves should be confirmed
with the vendor and for additional
information and use limitations.
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 49
only. EESC 2006

50. SULFURIC ACID
NIOSH RECOMMENDATIONS
• 8 hr: Butyl, PE, Teflon, Saranex,
PE/EVAL, Barricade, CPF3,
Responder, Trellchem, Tychem
• 4 hr: Viton
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 50
only. EESC 2006

51. ACETONE
• 8 hr: Butyl, PE/EVAL, Barricade, CPF3,
Responder, Trellchem, Tychem
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 51
only. EESC 2006

52. Lab Safety Equipment
• Fume Hoods tested annually
• Carts & Rubber cradles/carboys
• Eyewash station tested monthly
• Deluge shower tested monthly
• Fire blanket
• Fire Extinguishers tested annually
• Gas Cylinder racks
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 52
only. EESC 2006

53. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 53
only. EESC 2006

54. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 54
only. EESC 2006

55. First Aid Measures
• #1 - Remove to Fresh Air
• Get medical aid if necessary
• Do not induce vomiting
• Flush eyes or skin for at least 15
minutes
• Thoroughly clean clothes and shoes
• Seek follow-up medical attention
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 55
only. EESC 2006

56. First Aid Kit
• Contents must be approved by the
District’s “Consulting Physician”
• List of contents is recommended by
– ANSI
– Fed OSHA 1910.266 Appendix A
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 56
only. EESC 2006

57. Reporting Accidents
• Someone is burned with acid and
hospitalized
– Notify CAL/OSHA within 8 hours
– Complete accident report
– Accident investigation and follow-up
– What went wrong and how can it be
prevented in the future?
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 57
only. EESC 2006

58. Housekeeping
• Fume hoods are not used for storage
• Clean counters at the end of each day
• Clean small spills immediately
• No drinking bottles, cups or food in the
laboratories
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 58
only. EESC 2006

59. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 59
only. EESC 2006

60. Housekeeping
• Do not block access to electrical panels
• Do not block access to exit doors or
aisles
• Keep access to safety showers and
eyewashes free of obstruction
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 60
only. EESC 2006

61. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 61
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62. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 62
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63. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 63
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64. Spills and Waste
Disposal
• Confine small spills
• Follow SOP or MSDS for cleanup and
disposal
• Evacuate area for medium to large spills
• Follow emergency notification
procedure
• Dispose of waste in labeled containers
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 64
only. EESC 2006

65. Laboratory Waste
Treatment
• AB966 Benchtop treatment options
– Must use procedures from Prudent Practices
or peer-reviewed journals
– Less than 5 gallons from a single experiment
– Treated at the point of generation and within
10 days of generation
– Person performing treatment has knowledge
and training about the waste (Retain training
records for 3 years)
For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 65
only. EESC 2006

66. For use and reproduction by ASCIP members 66
only. EESC 2006