2. Agenda
● Present State of Affairs, Glimpse of the Future for
Data Center Power Requirements.
● Efficiency Improvements and Path to Savings
● Higher Voltage Options for Data Center Distribution
APC by Schneider Electric
3. IT Changes and Mechanical/Electrical Load Impacts
APC by Schneider Electric
4. High Density Computing
35
Per Rack Power Density (KW)
30
25 Max per-rack IT Load
20
15
Data Center rated
10 rack power capacity
5
0
Year
IT Loads are greatly exceeding rated capacity!
APC by Schneider Electric
5. Needs for the Future Now!
● Support for Higher Density Loads.
● High Density Zones
● kW per Rack vs Watts per Ft2
● Higher Overall Building Efficiency.
● Improved Efficiency of Every Aspect of Data Center
Power Consumption.
● Green Solutions.
● Reduced Environmental Impact
● Reduce – Recycle - Reuse
● Rapid Deployment and Relocation.
● Changing Face of Economy
• Mergers & Acquisitions
• Compaction, Consolidation
APC by Schneider Electric
6. A standardized way to specify density Specifying
Density
Traditional Same 500 kW data center – but different “average
way density” depending on how calculated:
746 watts/ft2
Ambiguous
179 watts/ft2 • Include access area around
racks?
• Include back-room area?
119 watts/ft2
• Consider total mains power
consumption ?
189 watts/ft2
White paper
120
APC by Schneider Electric
7. A standardized way to specify density Specifying
Density
Traditional Same 500 kW data center – but different “average
way density” depending on how calculated:
746 watts/ft2
Ambiguous
179 watts/ft2 • Include access area around
racks?
• Include back-room area?
119 watts/ft2
• Consider total mains power
consumption ?
189 watts/ft2
A better way Total IT power
5 kW/rack = # of racks
● Eliminates the ambiguities of watts/ft2
White paper
● Allows different densities for different areas
120 of the data center
APC by Schneider Electric
8. 1 Spread the load
Cooling strategies: 2 Supplemental cooling
3 High-density zone
High-density zone 4 Whole room
● A “mini data center”
with its own cooling
● Contributes no heat to ● Hot/cool air circulation localized within
rest of data center
the zone by short air paths and/or
● Works with existing containment
room-based cooling
● Achieves optimal efficiency
APC by Schneider Electric
9. High Efficiency UPS
● Most UPS Manufacturers
are Striving for Higher
Efficiencies in Standard
Designs Today.
● On-Line UPS modules
available with efficiencies
as high as 96% at 100%
Load.
● Flatter Efficiency Curves At
Lighter Loads.
● More “Right Sized”
Designs.
APC by Schneider Electric
10. Efficiency Savings through Scalability
● Parallel for capacity or ● Parallel for capacity or
redundancy redundancy
● 4000 amps system bus ● 4000 amps system bus
● 4 X 800 kVA/720 kW UPS ● 2 X 1600 kW Scalable UPS
● Average load of 40 – 60% ● Average load of 40 – 60%
● UPS load at 50-55% has ● UPS sized to ~ 80% of load
Efficiency ranges from 91% with an efficiency of around
to 94% 97%
● At a loading of 55%, a 2880 kW ● At a loading of 1600 kW (50%
system (1600 kW load), with an system load), each module can be
efficiency of 91% will have kW initially populated to 1000 kW.
losses of 158 kW ● Each module, loaded to 80%, with
● At a kWh rate of $0.07, 158 kW of an efficiency of 97% will have
losses translates to $96,886 per system kW losses of 49 kW.
year ● At a kWh rate of $0.07, 49 kW of
losses translates to $30,047 per
year.
6 points of efficiency improvement saves $66,839 per year in electrical costs
APC by Schneider Electric
11. UPS Load vs. Capacity
Day 1 Capacity for Day 1 Loads
Day 2 Capacity for Day 1 Loads Day 2 Capacity for Day 2 Loads
APC by Schneider Electric
12. Typical North American Data Center
Power Distribution
Standard Configuration Utilizes
PDUs to Transform UPS voltage to
Server Power Supply Voltages
480 VAC, 3 Phase, 3 W + G to
208Y/120 VAC.
Overall Rating of PDUs Can be 1.5
to 3 Times the System Rating.
Even the Best PDUs Have
Efficiency Losses Associated With
Them.
Weight and Footprint
Considerations in the Data Center
White Space.
Heat Losses Associated with XFMR
208Y/120 VAC. Five Conductors, A,
B, C, N, G, Higher Amperage
APC by Schneider Electric
13. Typical 400 VAC Data Center
Power Distribution
400 VAC Configuration Utilizes no
PDUs to Transform UPS voltage to
Server Power Supply Voltages
400Y/230 VAC, 3 Phase, 4 W + G
to Rack.
Distribution More Closely Sized to
the System Rating.
Single Autotransformer or 400 VAC
UPS System can be used.
Greatly Reduced Weight and
Footprint Considerations in the
Data Center White Space.
No or Reduced XFMR Heat Losses
400Y/230 VAC. Five Conductors, A,
B, C, N, G, Lower Amperage
APC by Schneider Electric
