2. Learning Objectives
5 Major Functions of the skeleton
4 Different types of bones
4 Different types of joints and their range of
movements
Parts of a joint: Ligament, tendon, cartilage,
Synovial fluid
Names of bones
Healthy management of bones
3. How do you think we will look like
without skeleton?
6. Function 2: Support
The skeleton supports the soft tissues of the
body as it forms a rigid framework to which
our muscle, tendons, ligaments attach.
7. Function 3: Body Movement
Bones act as levers for muscle
attachment
Our bones are levers which are
pulled by the muscles to cause
movement
8. Function 4: Protection
Our bones are very strong
and can provide
protection to the vital
organs.
e.g. the skull protects the
brain, and the ribs and
sternum protect the heart
and lungs
9. Function 5: Making Blood Cells
Inside long bones is
a substance called
bone marrow,
which makes new
blood cells.
15. Irregular Bones
Do not fit into any of the other categories and
often have an unusual shape
Vertebrae Sacrum Mandible
16. Some interesting facts
1. How many bones do we have in our body?
206
2. How many bones does the hand have?
27
3. Giraffes and humans have the same number of
bones in their neck.
True or False
17. 22 bones in skull
6 in middle ears
1 hyoid bone
26 in vertebral column
25 in thoracic cage
4 in pectoral girdle
60 in upper limbs
60 in lower limbs
2 in pelvic girdle
206 bones in all
39. Healthy Management of Bones
Our bones start becoming thinner and lose
their density as we age.
This will lead to Osteoporosis (A disease of
bones that leads to an increased risk of
fracture) if we do not keep our bone healthy
This is especially for women after menopause
40. Solution
Calcium and phosphorous are minerals that give
strength to bones. People must obtain these
minerals from food. People who do not have
enough of these minerals will have brittle bones
and become stooped when they are old.
41. Top 8 food for Healthy, Stronger
bones
Milk
Yogurt and Cheese
Sardines
Green-leafy Vegetables
Soy Foods (Tofu)
Fortified Foods (Food that has essential minerals and
vitamins added eg: Orange Juice and Cereals)
Calcium Supplements
Nuts and Seeds (Almonds, Pistachios, sunflower
seeds, seaweeds)
http://www.themedguru.com/20100305/feature/top-8-foods-healthy-bones-86132627.html
42. Workout for Healthy Bones
Aerobics
Cycling
Dancing - especially contra dancing, tap dancing, polka and
other folk dances that involve stomping, hopping etc.
Gardening
Gymnastics
Jogging
Jumping rope or doing Jumping Jacks
Race Walking
Tennis
Stair climbing - going down stairs is best
Weight Bearing Exercise
http://www.osteopenia3.com/bone-density-exercises.html