By Alberto Pezzi, ACC1Ó, Government of Catalonia, presented at the 16th TCI Global Conference, Kolding 2013.

1. Boosting business renewal through company
spin-off at cluster level
Alberto Pezzi
Breakout Session: Entrepreneurship and SME support in clusters
5 September 2013

2. BOOSTING BUSINESS RENEWAL
THROUGH COMPANY SPIN-OFF
AT CLUSTER LEVEL
Alberto Pezzi
Director Competitive Strategy and Cluster Division
ACC10 / Directorate General for Industry
Government of Catalonia
Treasurer and member of the Board of Directors TCI Network
Kolding, 5th September 2013
16th annual conference

3. CLUSTERS and NEW BUSINESS FORMATION

4. CLUSTERS ARE EVERYWHERE...
4
CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES WORLDWIDE
2001199719921980
Emilia-Romagna
Toscana
(industrial-districts
based policies) ....
Catalunya
Euskadi
Scotland
Chihuahua
Arizona
Massachussets
New Zealand
Christchurch
Sonoma
Costa Rica
Morocco
....
Sweden
Turkey
Lithuania
Barcelona 22@
Austria
Jordan
México
Campeche
South Africa
Rhône Alpes
.... France
Estonia
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Slovenia
UK
Minas Gerais (BR)
...
1990 2003 2006
Pakistan
Kazakhstan
Poland
….
Paraguay
Rio Negro (AR)
Russia
….
2013
Aprox. over 1.400
Initiatives at world llevel
(USAID)
Over 1.200 cluster
organization
at European level
(source: ECO -
European cluster
observatory)
Source: TCI cluster initiatives database, TCI research and practice
Selected regions
and countries
with
cluster-based
development
initiatives
SCOPE:
NATIONAL
REGIONAL
LOCAL-CITY
TCI Worldwide presence

5. USING CLUSTERS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH
5
AND
(Vs.)
“domesticated”
clusters
€
“wild”
clusters

6. USING CLUSTERS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH
6
AND
(Vs.)
“domesticated”
clusters
€
Apply managerial
techniques and practices
to increase cluster
performance
Observe cluster
dynamics and try
to learn and take
advantage from it
“wild”
clusters

7. BOLOGNA (ITALY)
7
THE CITY IN 3 WORDS

8. AND A UNIQUE INNOVATIVE COMMUNITY
8

9. Food industry
Consumers’ habits
Hygiene regulation
Distribution, etc.
Social & market
changes
BOLOGNA: .. THE FAT

10. BOLOGNA: .. THE ERUDITE
.. and THE ENTREPRENEURIAL

11. Silk industry
(silk mill
mechanical
technology)
Indicative
timeline
mid XVII
century
XIX
century 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000
textile
Food industry
Repair
Metal work
Light mechanics
…
Mechanical industry
Packaging machinery
Medical devices
Others: farm machinery,
tool machinery, motoreductors,
etc.
Motorcycle
Specialized skills
BOLOGNA: .. “THE CLUSTERIZED”

12. 1930
1940
1950
1960
1980
1990
1970
1920
Carpigiani
PreciArca
Flli Zucchini
Cevolani
CAMCorazza
C&M
ZanasiO.M. Billi
FIMA
Zamboni
Ferriani
ICA
GrandiMenegatti Farmomac
SM Mod.
Wrapmatic
Cassoli
STMZambelli Famar
Pantecnica
MAB
BCF
MG2
BTB
Smabo
Marchesini
AM
CVM
Impak
BFB
Carnatic
PIMI
Vame
Baumer AmoteK
Tinarelli
Tecnotrend
Montpack
Companies created by alumni of the
Instituto Aldini Valeriani
Source: Curti- Grandi, Per niente fragile, Bologna capitale
del packaging, 1997.
N. Fima
Spin-offs from ACMA (1940-1990)
BUSINESS CREATION THROUGH SPIN-OFF: THE RISE OF THE
PACKAGING INDUSTRY CLUSTER IN BOLOGNA

13. Business evolution is not only about business and technology
New generation of high speed microdosing
machine for aseptic environmentsBolognese-style silk mill
(begin of XVII century)
Specialized skills
Entrepreneurship
Market opportunities
COMMUNITY HISTORY AND IDENTITY
MATTERS - 1

14. KEY INGREDIENTS: 1 - DEMAND
DEMAND / MARKET

15. KEY INGREDIENTS: 2 – KEY ENABLERS
INNOVATION /
TECHNOLOGYDEMAND / MARKET

16. KEY INGREDIENTS: 3 – THE COMMUNITY
AND ITS “CHAMPIONS”
Innovation as social process
Sophisticated demand
Non-tech innovation
CHANCE
INNOVATION /
TECHNOLOGYDEMAND / MARKET
TERRITORY /
BUSINESS CULTURE

17. Packaging machinery cluster Bologna
Diamond years 1940-60
• Sophisticated and diversified
demand of packaged goods
from retail sector and
particularly from food industry
(packaged meat, etc.)
• Changes in consumers’ habits
• Strong mechanical
culture in the territory
• Technical School Aldini
Valeriani (est. 1880)
Other related sectors:
Mechanics:
• motorcycles
• tooling machinery
Electronics:
• medical devices
• measurement systems
• Family owned SMEs
• Family and personal linkages
• Strong emulation spirit
• “Co-opetition”
Related and
supporting
industries
Context for
firm strategy
and rivalry
Demand
conditions
• Social capital
• Flexible
production
• Customization
• Client oriented
Factors
(input)
conditions
• Entrepreneurial spirit
• Availability of capital
• Radical innovation
technology: “Z wheel”
• Transmission of contextual
knowledge through spin-off
COMMUNITY HISTORY AND IDENTITY
MATTERS - 2

18. ONLY IN BOLOGNA?

19. CLUSTERS ARE THE LABS OF FUTURE
GROWTH

20. What we need is an entrepreneurial
society in which innovation and
entrepreneurship are normal, steady,
and continous.
Peter F. Drucker
Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1986

21. THANKS !