2. New Foreword from Martin Hill-Wilson
“You are now the proud owner of Conversocial’s 2015 guide to social customer service. But
before you start grazing on this high protein nourishment, let me provide a little scene setting.
Experiencing twelve months in social media is like cat years. Time is permanently accelerated.
The ebb and flow in social network popularity is continuous. So too are changes in the broader
digital marketplace. In particular, mobile expectations continue to mature. Add those two trends
together and we have the conditions for a new generation of messaging, anchored in social
network behaviour.
Maybe 2015 becomes the year in which this style of communication overtakes more traditional
forms of social customer service. Certainly it plays to organisations’ need to evolve a mobile
first strategy. Will customers find comparable benefit when offered a more traditional 1:1
communication channel? Or will they miss the opportunity to escalate their issue publically to
incentivise a faster response?
Time will tell. As is normally the case in multi-channel behaviour, ‘channels multiply rather than
die’. So maybe mobile messaging and ‘old style’ Twitter and Facebook will co-exist. Both still
needed according to circumstance.
By the time Conversocial’s 2016 edition is released, things might be clear as a bell. Or still thick
as mud. And that’s why social engagement remains such an important competency to get right.
It’s volatile with plenty of potential to cast your brand in the role of customer hero or villain.
It’s not something to casually walk into and expect to get right. Certainly not by carrying forward
legacy behaviour from traditional customer service. That’s why this guide exists. It contains (in cat
terms) a lifetime’s experience of how to plan and execute social customer service like the best do.
I’ll even wager that much of what is recommended still applies to messaging based customer
service. Why? Core customer expectations are constant. Fast and effective service with a human
touch never goes out of style. Any service mix enabling that will work.
Enjoy good fortune with your 2015 version of delivering effective social customer service. A quick
read of Conversocial’s excellent guide will allow you to do that even better!”
Martin Hill-Wilson
Customer Engagement & Digital Business Strategist - Keynote Speaker
and Author of “Delivering Effective Social Customer Service”
3. 3
Contents
Foreword 2
Introduction 4
From Reach to Resolution 6
The Challenges of Social Customer Service 10
Assembling a Social Customer Service Team 14
Creating Your Social Customer Service Processes 18
Creating a Social Customer Service Playbook 23
The Importance of Proactive Customer Service 27
Measuring Social Customer Service 30
The Need for a Best-in-Class Solution 35
What to Look for in a Social Customer Service Solution 38
The Future of Customer Service 40
Closing Thoughts 43
4. 4
Introduction
Customer service is undergoing a major revolution, with online communication moving away
from private, anonymous, one-to-one channels toward public one-to-many channels that are
mobile, social, and attached to real identity. In brief, social media is changing the entire business
of customer service, posing great challenges and presenting new opportunities for brands. In
the midst of this seismic shift, though, it’s important to remember that the core principles of great
customer service still apply.
Quality customer service — regardless of channel — relies on a meaningful dialogue between
brands and their customers. That being said, the growing preference for social media as a
preferred channel requires your organization to re-think its customer service strategy. You need
to adopt a Social First approach.
Multi-channel communication and customer expectations
Social media has already reached a high level of maturity as a communication channel. People
have blended it into their lives alongside other technologies and they expect brands to follow
suit. Increasingly, inbound customer service inquiries start on social (“Where is my X?”), move
to a private channel (details of X given) and then finish back where they began (“Thanks for
delivering my X!”).
Shifting ownership of social
Perhaps the most important change social media has brought to customer service is the complete
reversal of the traditional channel ownership model. Social media is the first channel created and
controlled by customers. It is also the first to be implemented by customers with the expectation
that brands will adopt it, rather than the other way around. At the corporate level, the ownership
of the social media channel is shifting away from Marketing and Communications as engagement
increasinglyrelatestoinboundcustomerservice-basedtopics.Ratherthansocialbeingseenpurely
as a space for companies to deliver outbound marketing messages, it is the inbound customer
queries that allow for meaningful points of engagement and the building of brand advocacy.
Technological limitations
Social media mixes public and private discussions, and combines customer service issues with
general chatter and engagement. As such, it requires different approaches to prioritization,
workflow and analytics.
All-in-one social media tools built for marketing are not designed to maximize agent efficiency,
enable managers to resource their team or measure agent performance against SLAs. Businesses
that recognize early on that social customer service needs a dedicated solution quickly gain a
competitive advantage by being where their customers are at scale.
5. 5
Higher stakes
Social media not only presents the opportunity for brands to delight customers on a channel they
choose and control, but also significantly reduce the cost of each interaction. In fact, Gartner has
found that social agents are able to handle from four to eight times as many issues per hour as
phone agents (Gartner 2012).
The public nature of social media means that each successful interaction has the potential to be
amplified via peer-to-peer recommendation, delivering a marketing benefit that is significantly
greater than other channels. Research from NM Incite, a partnership between Nielsen and
McKinsey & Company, found that consumers who have positive social customer care experiences
are nearly three times more likely to recommend a brand than those who do not (NM Incite 2012).
However, social customer service also presents high-volume interactions that risk attracting
negative publicity due to conversations taking place in a very public forum. Therefore, companies
must deeply embed their social customer service operation internally — taking all the steps
necessary to minimize risk while optimizing results.
This guide is designed to help you deliver social customer service from within the
contact center as a standardized, scalable and ROI-positive operation that lives up
to your organization’s promise of quality service.
7. 7
From Reach to Resolution
Over the past few years, social customer service has gone from being the focus of a small
number of highly innovative companies to a widely accepted requirement of doing business.
We talk about the transition to social customer service as a journey from ‘Reach’ to ‘Resolution.’
This journey takes place in three stages, from simply listening on social (that’s the ‘Reach’) and
redirecting customers off social media and back to traditional service channels, through to a small
team of social agents helping customers in an ad hoc way, and finally to a fully-resourced team,
focused on ‘Resolution’ and fully integrated into contact center processes, analytics and technology.
STAGE 1
Reach
STAGE 3
Resolve
STAGE 2
Respond
8. 8
The social customer service journey
Stage 1 — Social media for marketing and listening (reach)
At the start of the journey, social media is a marketing channel used almost exclusively for
outbound publishing and promotion. Companies at this stage are ‘Reaching’ out to their
customers on social, but it’s largely a one-way conversation. There may be basic community
management and engagement, but genuine customer service issues are either ignored or
deflected to more traditional channels like email and phone. As a result, companies in this stage
fail to use social as a customer service channel and thus fail to meet customer expectations or
to leverage the efficiency gains of service over social.
Stage 2 — Social customer service early adoption (response)
At this stage, companies — often beginning with the Marketing Department — recognize
the need for some sort of social customer service presence. These organizations adopt a
perfunctory social customer service strategy in an effort to improve their engagement over
social, usually achieved through working with the Customer Service Department. The contact
center resources allocated are usually just enough to deal with incoming volume and are in
effect ‘on loan’ to marketing, typically using whatever tool the marketing team provides (often
an all-in-one social media management system). This type of operation is usually managed
outside normal resourcing and contact center management, with few strict processes or KPIs.
Over the last couple of years, Conversocial has seen a rapid increase in the number of
companies reaching Stage Two; with our latest analysis demonstrating that around 50–60% of
companies are at this stage. While companies in Stage Two are helping some customers over
social media, their minimal coverage means response times are usually slower than consumers
expect. Additionally, the lack of information about agent and team performance makes efficient
resourcing impossible, prevents the ability to integrate with CRM and business intelligence
systems, and impedes the operation from being able to scale effectively.
Stage 3 — Social media in the contact center (resolution)
Here, the business as a whole recognizes that social media is a key customer service channel,
alongside phone, email and chat. The contact center is given responsibility for managing,
training and resourcing the social customer service operation. The focus of social customer
service becomes full engagement and timely ‘Resolution.’
At this stage, social customer service is measured for maximum efficiency and ROI. Precise
metrics are used to ensure social customer service teams are delivering the experience
customers expect, and are resourcing their agents effectively. These tools enable companies
to efficiently train and manage a wider pool of agents, who can focus exclusively on social
media (either completely, or within any one particular shift). Most importantly, customers receive
excellent customer service over social media.
Please see Section 08 for more information about The Need for a Best-in-Class Solution.
Please see Section 07 for more information about Measuring Social Customer Service Performance and Impact.
9. 9
When will most companies reach Stage Three? Sooner than you may think. According to
recent research from Forrester Consulting commissioned by Conversocial, more than 67%
of companies believe that social customer service is growing in importance, and is the most
pressing short-term priority for contact centers (Forrester 2014). Additionally, 92% of companies
view customer experience as one of their top priorities in the long term and 60% use it as a
competitive differentiator.
Providing excellent social customer service in the contact center is only possible with
dedicated and best-in-class software that enables measurement, resourcing, and is capable
of integrating with existing systems (e.g. CRM, workforce management, and central contact
center technologies). Companies that attempt to make the shift to Stage Three without a social
customer service solution explicitly designed for social risk being stuck with tools not built for
their needs.
Source: (Forrester 2014)
11. The Challenges of Social Customer Service
While the opportunities in social customer service are tremendous, there are also significant new
challenges for brands.
Customer expectations have increased
Customers have embraced social as a communication channel and brought it to companies along
with their expectations for its use in customer service. Their first expectation is that companies
should recognize their preference for engagement over social media and act accordingly. And,
there is a growing force of numbers behind that expectation. Research from Forrester Consulting
shows that between 2009 and 2014 the number of customers using Twitter for customer service
has doubled from 11% to 22% (Forrester 2014).
Social media customer service, and the new customer expectations that accompany it, have
brought about a distinct shift in the balance of power between brands and their customers.
Customers are more in control of the customer service process now than at any time before.
But, there’s far more behind this power shift than customers’ demand that brands recognize their
preference for social.
Your Customers:
●● Have more choice of suppliers and channels. 66% of consumers stopped doing business with
a provider and switched to another in the past year due to a poor customer service experience,
up 17% since 2005 (Accenture 2013).
●● Are more connected. 53% of consumers will talk about a bad customer experience they have
received on social, while only 42% will share a good one (American Express 2012). This trend
and the viral nature of social media show how customers can wield their power.
●● Demand more speed and simplicity. 71% of consumers say that valuing their time is the most
important thing a company can do to provide them with good service (Forrester 2013).
11
12. 12
Your representatives face challenges delivering the best social customer service
Living on social media is second nature for most of us now; it’s so easy and enjoyable that
it’s often the first place we go to share news, views and information. Unfortunately, providing
effective and efficient customer service via social poses new challenges both for agents, who
must deal with customers in a new and more intimate manner, and managers, who must balance
resources, costs and corporate goals.
For your team, social is:
●● Noisy: Unlike other channels, agents must sift through a lot of content in order to identify
customer service issues on social.
●● Confusing: Multiple public and private messages from a single customer are hard to track, and
can get lost between agents.
●● Aslowprocess: Lack of efficient approval workflows mean slow, rigid and manual process with
extra complexity when resolving an issue that requires involvement from other departments.
●● High stakes: A single error can result in a full-blown social media crisis.
Managers struggle to track KPIs & resource properly
Managers bear responsibility for the entire customer service operation and must satisfy a number
of competing goals and interests. These challenges are primarily technological and operational.
Here are the most important ones:
●● Social customer care teams are getting bigger, but managers are stuck with slow and laborious
processes to understand team performance.
●● Systems that focus on individual messages rather than the full conversation make ticket-based
analytics impossible. Metrics including First Response Time and Average Handling Time are
essential for resource planning and team management.
●● A lack of security and approval tools requires agents to slow down in order to follow inefficient
reporting processes — such as tracking all activities in spreadsheets—negatively impacts SLAs
and reduces quality of care.
But done correctly, social can be highly efficient and cost effective
●● 4-8x: Social agents are able to handle four to eight times more issues per hour than phone
agents (Gartner 2012).
●● <$1: Social costs less than $1 per interaction, compared to $6 per call for phone and $2.50 to
$5 per email (NM Incite 2012).
13. The answer is a #SocialFirst approach
We define our approach to social customer service as #SocialFirst. And, as the name suggests, it
places social media at the center of customer engagement as both its foundation and its architecture.
#SocialFirst is about adopting social customer service and adapting to its culture with confidence
and at scale to meet your customers where they are, on the channel they own. With a #SocialFirst
strategy, brands can fully engage with their customers, provide fast and meaningful service, and
gain a powerful differentiator that can result in a competitive advantage over their competitors.
#SocialFirst is more than a concept. It is a set of concrete and achievable goals that can guide
brands toward social customer service success. We call those goals the Five Pillars of #SocialFirst.
The Five Pillars of #SocialFirst:
1. Proactive support for social customer service, making its existence widely known in marketing
materials and sales/support collateral
2. Aggressive engagement aimed at exceeding customer demands
3. Interacting, rather than reacting as a means to anticipate what customers want and need—
before they tell you
4. Recognition of social media for its viral power and leveraging that reach to influence the market
5. Connecting with customers on a deeply personal and emotional level to build relationships
and trust
In the following sections, we explain processes and strategies that will help you build an effective
and efficient social customer service operation—one that puts #SocialFirst.
13
15. Assembling a Social Customer Service Team
It is rare to come across a traditional customer service team that is perfectly suited to the demands
of social media. On social, agents become brand ambassadors and therefore need to possess all
the skills that come with a public-facing role, on top of the skill sets needed to be a great agent
over traditional channels like phone and email.
Personable
Can they find the right
tone of voice, no matter
the situation?
Curious
A desire to improve,
discover and
explore is key.
Confident
Someone who trusts
their instincts.
Resilient
Imagine your busiest
day in social traffic –
could they cope?
Articulate
Has the ability to
effectively communicate
through text.
Empathetic
Customers are not their
Twitter handle. They are
not their profile picture.
They are human beings.
15
16. Great social customer service agents should:
●● Be personable: During the interview process, assess whether this person can actually hold
a conversation about a particular issue. Create a problem-solving scenario which involves a
conversation back and forth; this can be the best way to judge how affable they are.
●● Be confident: Content on social media can vary greatly not only in topic but also action
needed from the agent. Some messages might be answered easily, while others might
require escalation to another department. Very likely, many of the mentions might not include
actionable customer service issues at all. A great social customer service agent must have the
confidence to trust their instincts to quickly assess the context of a message and then be able
to take the appropriate action. This should be tested alongside the ‘personable’ actions.
●● Be curious:Whether recruiting internally or externally, it is essential that social customer service
agents have the eagerness to not only learn new tools but also to know the industry inside-out.
The best indicator for this is how well the potential social agent has up skilled themselves in
previous roles, and are interested in developing the social customer care function.
●● Be articulate through writing: Social agents must be able to succinctly and effectively answer
customer service queries. Good spelling and word choice is also important; minor errors can
tarnish the brand’s appearance and damage credibility with the customer.
●● Be resilient: No matter the context, social agents must be able to react calmly, assess a
situation and respond back to the customer. They must be able to show not only patience, but
an ability to ‘roll with the punches’ by responding professionally in any scenario.
●● Have real empathy for the customer: Every action an agent takes must revolve around
making the customer happy. Make sure potential employees have this focus and talk about
the customer during the interview process through practical scenarios.
Is it best to promote agents internally or hire new agents for social? While great agents can come
from both sources, we generally recommend promoting from within whenever possible for the
following reasons:
You are able to identify agents who already have both strong writing skills and a great rapport
with customers.
The agents will already be familiar with your core contact center operations, allowing you to
focus on social training.
Since social customer service is a relatively young field, there is currently a very
small pool of agents that have social on their resume, giving outside recruitment
little advantage.
All of this said, sometimes fresh minds bring fresh ideas. Companies should not be fearful of
looking outside for external talent.
16
17. Companies sometimes think that only ‘Generation Y’ social media natives can be social agents —
but we have seen great success in training agents of all ages in social media, and don’t see this
as an obstacle to recruitment. Social media knowledge can be taught; the personality traits that
make for a great agent are harder to find.
Empowering agents for social customer service success
Before agents start posting from branded accounts, deliver training to establish the right social
customer service processes. Training will not only prepare them for different situations, but will
also empower agents to guide themselves through any social media eventuality. Even after
agents begin responding on social, there should be ongoing training; social media is constantly
changing, so agents must carry on learning and improving.
Take social back to basics
Even if they already use social media
personally, start from the ground up.
Keep training simple
If your organization is not planning to track
sentiment, don’t introduce it at this stage.
Keep it as simple as possible at the
start, then expand as confidence and
experience grows.
Review content and responses
Regularly review your agents’ responses
and give feedback, even after training
is over.
Discuss successful customer
engagements
Hold up best practice examples for
social media from relevant industries and
highlight their positive aspects.
Train as a team
Rather than one-to-one sessions, take the
opportunity to build a close-knit team by
involving everyone.
Set clear targets
Clearly lay out your expectations so agents
understand that social, like any other part
of the business, requires a formal strategy
and target-based approach.
01
02
03
04
05
06
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19. 19
Creating Your Social Customer Service Processes
There are a number of unique requirements for a successful social customer service program
that aren’t encountered within a traditional customer service setting.
Prioritization
Filtering through social messages is a major challenge for any brand receiving even
a moderate volume of customer interactions.
Unlike private service channels, social media consists of many messages and interactions that do
not require a response. A study of retailers using Conversocial found that 50% of social media
messages merited an agent’s attention, only 10% of which required a response. This demand to
noise ratio does, however, vary across companies and industries, with service providers often
seeing much higher volumes of actionable conversations (in the range of 50–80%).
It is important for managers to define criteria for what their team should respond to first. What is
high priority? What should be always guaranteed to receive a response?
Every company is different, but here’s a framework for separating issues
of varying urgency:
Resolution
Social customer service is all about resolving customer issues regardless of wherever, whenever
and however those customers choose to interact. Issue resolution will vary between organizations
and across industries. Companies generally determine resolution at one of two points: when a
brand has fully addressed a customer’s need or, even better, when a customer acknowledges
the brand has solved their issue. On social, the latter type of resolution can often take the form
of a public thank you.
First-tier priority
A customer asking the company a direct question
A customer expressing dissatisfaction
Customers that have an urgent product/service need
Escalating potential crisis issues
General references of the company’s products and services
Positive experiences of the company’s products and services
Indirect references that are relevant to the company’s industry
Second-tier priority
20. 20
Know who you’re talking to
When customers reach out to you on social media they want to carry on their existing
conversations with you, not start afresh. This is a major challenge in a multi-channel customer
service environment, but get it right and you can offer a much better customer experience.
Firstly, make sure that your team has full visibility of your customers’ social history. Are you
already in the middle of a conversation? Have you had similar conversations in the past? Has
the customer previously had a positive or negative relationship with your company? Which agent
dealt with them before?
Secondly, as your team is fully integrated into the customer service environment, they should
have access to systems that hold customer records from other channels, such as your email, chat
and phone systems, and core customer information in your CRM system. Getting the data to flow
across these systems is the most important step towards a single view of the customer.
Redirection is not good customer service
Customers know that social media offers a different customer experience to traditional channels.
They have chosen to speak with your company there, as it is convenient and human. They might
even have potentially exhausted and lost confidence in other channels.
Redirecting customers away from their chosen support channel is one of the worst customer
service experiences possible, forcing customers to interact in a form they have not chosen.
According to the American Express Customer Service Barometer, 65% of customers report
that in-channel resolution is the most important aspect of a good customer service experience
(American Express 2012). Further, Conversocial research of a cross-section of social customer
service interactions found that only 2% of customers who were given an email address or
telephone number asked to be provided with one in the first place (Tweet, Email or Call 2013).
Source: (Tweet, Email or Call 2013)
21. 21
By offering in-channel resolution whenever possible, the consumer receives the interaction they
were looking for, and the brand can publicly display any thanks the customer gives. Anxiousness
about dealing with sensitive customer information publicly can usually be resolved by using
private messaging. This protects both the brand and customer whilst avoiding redirection and
a manipulated experience. If it becomes necessary to take the issue to another channel (e.g.
for regulatory reasons), keep it on social for as long as possible. And even if an agent resolves
an issue privately or on another channel, be sure to take it back to social media to show public
resolution. Just a ‘thank you’ to the customer for their time and patience can suffice.
Escalation
For sensitive or detailed customer issues that require escalation to another team member, it’s
important to have clear processes in place so agents can easily handle incoming messages
without confusion or delay. Develop an escalation map that provides:
●● Clear guidelines explaining which messages agents can respond to.
●● A comprehensive breakdown of the types of messages frontline agents cannot immediately
respond to, and the team responsible for each type.
●● A quick method of escalating messages — along with the full case history and context — to
the relevant team.
Tips for effective escalation
Look at the messages you receive
on your social channels, and pick out
some real-life examples of messages
that do and do not need a response.
Make the first level of escalation
the team leader. They can determine
whether any ambiguous customer
messages should be escalated further,
and track the ongoing performance of
their agents.
01 02
Pick out real examples of brand-related
tweets/posts that should be passed to
communications for approval. Identify
criteria for your supervisors and ensure
they are well connected into PR and
marketing, and potentially experts in
other areas of your business.
Make your escalation map a live
document. For extremely sensitive
issues, frontline agents should be
equipped with a continually updated list
of topics that need PR or legal approval
when formulating a response.
03 04
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Crisis management plan
Social media provides an early warning system for developing business issues, from campaigns
and product launches to serious reputational problems. It’s also the fastest medium for corporate
crises to spread, with a high risk of brand damage.
As such, it is critical to have a clearly defined social media crisis management plan in place.
Ensure your PR team can quickly pick up potentially damaging issues, work with management on
the official response if needed, then collaborate effectively with frontline social agents on getting
that message to customers.
Your social media customer team can likely provide great reach over platforms such as Facebook
and Twitter than the PR team can achieve via traditional media. Social is a very effective channel
to distribute an official response to issues affecting your customers.
Tips for effective crisis protection
Create a holding message as quickly
as possible when a potential social
crisis emerges — customers look for
a very quick reaction to issues over
social media.
When an issue escalates, draft
responses to different types of
customer messages for agents to use
as template examples.
01 02
Establish clear criteria for when a
message has to be escalated to PR
or Legal.
Create a schedule outlining who
exactly will be responsible for dealing
with these escalating messages at any
given time, to ensure that nothing falls
through the cracks.
03 04
24. 24
Creating a Social Customer Service Playbook
A social customer service playbook details processes for how different departments should
transfer knowledge seamlessly to one another, and how social conversations should be engaged
with securely by customer service agents. The playbook provides consistency across your team
and creates processes that can be measured, refined and scaled. This playbook should be a go-
to resource for agents, both trained and newly hired.
Checklist of things to include:
Whyareyouusingsocialmediaandhowdoesthistieintoyourcompany’sgoals?
Social customer service needs to align with your high level business goals and your playbook
should explain that this initiative is an important one. Agents need to be trusted with flexibility to
manage an ever-changing channel with limited time to act, but that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t
provide guidance. Key motivators and priorities will help empower your team to make the best
judgment while delivering fast service to your customers.
Introduction to social platforms
If you’re bringing in agents from other areas of the contact center, it is best to include details of
your goals for the different platforms you are using and to explain how customer service over
public channels differs from what they may be used to.
Processes agents should be following
Clearly explain the steps for processing a customer message, including how to respond, what
data to record such as sentiment and categories, and when to archive. Document response
escalation and crisis processes so they are accessible to every agent.
Tone of voice
Describe the brand personality you’d like agents to convey during their engagement with
customers to form a guiding principle.
Do’s and don’ts for engagement
Being explicit with examples of the responses that would and would not fit the brand
is a good way to demonstrate tone of voice guidelines and avoid misinterpretation.
25. 25
Example responses
Providing example responses to common customer issues can help your team to
understand how to craft their own. It is important that agents use these guides in
conjunction with tone-of-voice guidelines, rather than templates to be copied directly.
Due to the public nature of social, customers will notice if agents are copying and
pasting their responses. Authenticity is essential for a good customer experience.
A list of resources to find support information
Your agents’ go-to resource should include anything from knowledge-base articles
and how-to videos to solutions posted a branded community. Linking to this
existing content can help your team shorten response times and remain relevant.
Contact details for relevant internal stakeholders
Ensure that the playbook has a complete directory of stakeholders that may need to be involved
in different customer service needs or social situations.
26. 26
Does your organization need a separate Twitter handle
to deliver effective social customer service?
A common debate amongst social customer service professionals is whether organizations
should have a dedicated service handle, or if they should deliver customer service from their
primary Twitter handle. Companies have been successful with both approaches, meaning that
there is no clear-cut answer — but instead a series of pros and cons. Choose the approach that
makes the most sense for your organization.
Reasons for using a dedicated
Twitter account
Reasons for using a single
Twitter account
Dedicated Service Updates:
Some customers might want to engage with your
company, but might be weary of marketing updates.
Having a dedicated handle alleviates this concern
and can also provide customers with service-only
updates — a huge plus for industries in which a
single published post can preemptively resolve a
large number of queries.
Separate Tone for Customer Service:
Having a separate service handle enables
companies to create a tone that is different from the
one used by marketing. For example, some brands
choose to sound a certain way on their marketing
account but be more colloquial when providing
social customer service.
Separation of Ownership:
Creating handles for distinct purposes enables
each department to have full ownership of their
processes and activities. This mirrors the division
of ownership on other channels, where dedicated
email addresses and phone numbers are used to
reach customer support.
Analytics and Reporting:
Customer Service has a different set of KPIs and
success metrics from PR and Marketing, with greater
emphasis placed on SLAs and efficiency measures.
Separate accounts make it easier to track and
report on the performance of the customer service
team without dilution from marketing activity.
Limited Consumer Visibility:
Most customers will not go through the trouble
to find out if there is a dedicated support handle,
and will send their inquiries directly to the primary
account. This means that customer service will need
to monitor content coming in to both accounts, but
engage customers with service issues from the
support account.
Process Consistency Across Social Channels:
While creating dedicated support accounts is
common on Twitter, it is not standard practice on
other social channels, such as Facebook, YouTube
and Google+.
Consistency of Voice:
A single brand handle can increase the consistency
of messaging, creating a stronger and more
unified voice. This positions service as a core
offering, synonymous with the brand reputation on
social media.
Marketing Opportunity:
Actively engaging in customer service on Twitter
using the primary brand account usually results in a
significant increase in followers. Each new follower
becomes a potential recipient of future marketing
and promotional messages.
28. 28
The Importance of Proactive Customer Service
Proactive customer service is not a new concept, but social media has changed the method in
which it can be carried out.
Before the rise of social customer service, companies concocted ways of solving customer issues
before the customer reached out in order to reduce call volume. Many of these methods worked:
a report from Enkata found that preemptive service can reduce call volumes by as much as 30%,
while increasing customer retention rates by 3 to 5% (Enkata 2012).
Traditional proactive customer service can take a number of forms, from FAQs and forums to
knowledge bases and instructional videos.
However, proactive customer service over social media means something slightly different. Due
to the public nature of most of its content, Twitter in particular allows companies to reach out to
customers when they’ve indirectly mentioned a brand or used a key term relating to that brand.
With Twitter, you’re not just listening or monitoring; you are engaging with the customers who
need you most.
29. 29
4 tips for effective proactive customer service
These tips will not just satisfy your customers; they will help you provide service that will delight
your customers and bring tangible results.
See every issue – not just the ones with
@mentions of your brand
Research we conducted with New York University
found that over 37% of all tweets were customer
service related but less than 3% used the @ symbol
(Guide to Proactive Customer Service 2013). Access
to the Twitter fire-hose is a must-have to gain
real-time access to consumer conversations. It’s
important to understand how to filter data based on
keywords, location, and language to help direct the
customers’ issue to the right member of your team
quickly. Simply put, you can’t afford to leave your
customers unanswered, even if they’re posting
about you indirectly.
Knowthere’saproblem?Tellyourcustomers
you’re fixing it
It’s always better for customers to hear about a
problem from you directly instead of realizing the
product or service doesn’t deliver. Maintain control
of potentially volatile situations by confronting
problems head-on, which helps build customer
trust and avoid damaging PR. Tell customers what
you’re doing to figure out a solution and ensure
the problem doesn’t happen again. Or make
sure customers know who to contact if they have
further questions or feedback. You can even offer a
discount on a future purchase, or provide a refund
if the action you take to fix the problem doesn’t
satisfy their needs.
01 02
MeasuresuccesswithcustomerserviceKPIs
It’s important to make proactive outreach
accountable with real customer service analytics
and reporting. Demand volumes, customer
sentiment, issue categorization and response
rates should all be measured to glean an accurate
picture of discussion around your brand and your
team’s ability to make a difference.
With good social customer service analytics, it’s
easy to quantify the results of proactive service,
such as increased call deflection and profitability.
In a recent survey we found that 14% of tweets that
@ mentioned the company directly were sent from
in-store, meaning that through proactive listening,
companieshavetheabilitytoreachoutandinfluence
a sale — affecting the most important KPI of them all,
the bottom line (Tweet, Email or Call 2013).
Don’t just reach out when
something’s wrong
No relationship is sustainable if you only
communicate when something’s wrong. When
those relationships are with a rapidly growing
customer base, social media is an efficient way
to stay in touch with a large audience through
individual conversations. As Seneca said, “He
who gives when he is asked has waited too long”
(Forbes 2014).
Companies now need to be proactive, rather than
just reactive, over social. They should be calling
out to their customers — engaging with them —
when things aren’t necessarily deemed a customer
service issue as of yet. This will add an element of
‘surprise and delight’ for customers, turning them
quickly into brand advocates.
03 04
31. 31
Measuring Social Customer Service
If social customer service operations are to improve, managers must be able to resource social
media as efficiently as possible and demonstrate value alongside other service channels such as
phone and email — all while delivering a great customer experience.
Despite this, research from Forrester Consulting commissioned by Conversocial shows that
20% of companies do not measure the success of their social customer service operation at all
(Forrester 2014).
Forrester also reports that companies struggle to provide consistent cross-channel experiences,
with only 23% rating their ability to do so as ‘effective’ or ‘extremely effective’. This suggests that a
large number of companies have not yet applied measurements that can be used across channels
as a benchmark, or are not yet using a dedicated social customer service platform for analysis.
Below we have outlined the most important metrics to measure:
Volume
●● Inbound volume — Count of incoming messages on all social channels. Allows you to
understand the bigger picture, and to calculate the percent of customer service issues
compared to the total number of social inbound messages.
●● Response volume — Count of responses issued by your brand.
●● Volumebycategory — Count of messages by interaction type. This includes broad categories
such as marketing messages, PR messages, and customer service messages. It also includes
subcategories within these such as the number of issues related to deliveries, product,
website, etc. Make sure that this categorization matches your organization’s existing system
used in the contact center for other channels such as phone and email, enabling you to
match ‘apples to apples’.
●● Case/conversation volume — Count of groupings of messages pertaining to individual
customer issues. By grouping messages into meaningful customer conversations, it is possible
to count how many customers the agents are interacting with, as opposed to just how many
messages they have responded to. Focusing on customer issues versus individual messages
makes metrics like handling time and sentiment conversion far more meaningful.
Why it’s important:
Measuring volumes makes other key performance indicators (KPIs) meaningful; however, volume
does not constitute KPIs on its own, as it does not measure performance.
You cannot control inbound volumes or your volumes by category. Rather, these metrics are
important for providing a baseline from which to understand your other metrics. It’s hard to
understand what a change in handling or response time means unless you can match them up
with changes in volume over social channels.
32. 32
Average Response Time & First Response Time
●● Average Response Time (ART) — Average time elapsed between all customer messages
and agent replies.
●● First Response Time (FRT) — Average time elapsed between initial customer messages and
initial agent replies. This can be compared with the metric of Average Speed of Answer (ASA)
on traditional channels.
To illustrate the difference between the two, it’s helpful to look at this timeline of an interaction
between an agent and a customer.
Why it’s important:
Regardless of channel, response time is a key driver of customer satisfaction, with First Response
time particularly important over social. Even when an issue cannot be resolved immediately, it is
important that an agent show the customer — and everyone who might see the post — that the
company has heard the message and is working on a solution.
Because of Average Response Time and First Response Time’s close relationship to customer
satisfaction, these two metrics typically provide the foundation of your Service Level Agreement
(SLA). A strong internal SLA for response time ensures consistency across the team by providing
a clear target for response time — both amongst agents and for your social customer service
operations as a whole.
It is crucial that you are able to measure these metrics and performance against SLAs in real-time.
If you have a sudden spike in volume, you need to be able to reallocate resources in order to
bring the SLA down to baseline.
@Store
why is your
service
so bad?
Customer
5:30pm 5:40pm 6:00pm
First Response Time: 10 min
Average Response Time: 10 min
First Response Time: no change
Average Response Time: 35 min
7:00pm
CustomerAgent Agent
Sorry you
feel this way.
How can we
improve?
You need
to have more
checkouts
open!
Thanks for
your helpful
feedback
33. 33
Response Time and First Response Time also enable you to compare your team’s performance
in and out of operating hours. Many operations, especially in their nascency, are not able to scale
to 24/7 social customer service. As a result you want to be sure that your hours of operation
match customer expectations; if you see that your response time in business hours is wildly off
from your response time overall, that can present a business case to shift or expand your hours
to be more in line with customer expectation.
Handling Time
●● Handling Time (HT) — Amount of time agents spend processing an issue. Handling time
covers all activity, including elements such as reading tagging, marking sentiment, looking up
customer account info, making notes and drafting responses.
●● Average Handling Time (AHT) — Average amount of time agents spend processing
issues over a given period. AHT can be measured for individual agents or multiple
agents if they’re handling the same issue (i.e. not re-routed, frequent shift changes, assignments,
etc.).
●● Total Handling Time (THT) — Total time agents spend processing issues over a given
time period.
Average Handling Time is slightly different for social than on more traditional channels, in which
one issue is dealt with at a time. On social, you might respond to one tweet and not return to an
issue until the customer tweets back hours later.
Why it’s important:
Handling Time is one of the first truly cross-channel metrics for social customer service, enabling
you to compare the performance of social against other channels. If it takes 10 minutes to resolve
an issue via email and five minutes to resolve an issue on social, you have a solid justification for
the ROI of your social customer service operation.
@Store
why is your
service
so bad?
Customer
5:25pm 5:30pm 5:35pm 6:00pm
Handling Time: 2 min Handling Time: 7 min
Agent spends 2min
reading and writing
the answer.
Tags and hits Reply.
Agent spends 5min
checking with store
manager. Leaves to work
on something else without
actioning anything.
Agent returns later
and spends 2min
reading and writing
the answer.
Agent hits reply.
7:00pm
CustomerConversocial Agent Conversocial Agent
Sorry you
feel this way.
How can we
improve?
You need
to have more
checkouts
open!
Thanks for
your helpful
feedback
34. 34
Handling Time is an important measurement in evaluating agent performance. If you have an
agent whose Average Handling Time is significantly off from his peers, that might mean it is time
for some coaching from the manager. Handling Time also enables you to measure the effect
of process changes you have made in your organization. For example, if you want to add an
approval workflow for your agents — in which a manager spot checks 20% of all issues — you can
track and benchmark the impact of the change on your Handling Time.
Sentiment
●● Sentiment — Qualitative assessment of customer satisfaction based on the tone and content
of messages.
●● SentimentConversion — Change in sentiment as a result of brand interaction. While individual
sentiment is important to track, it doesn’t give you a story to tell. The story comes from being
able to actually see and quantify the conversion rate from negative to positive.
Why it’s important:
Measuring sentiment conversion enables you to analyze the level of service you’re delivering,
as well as the impact of any changes implemented, such as releasing a new tone-of-voice guide.
Sentiment can also contribute to an ROI model, enabling you to measure revenue protected by
improving customer sentiment.
@brand I am extremely annoyed
that my stuff has not arrived!
Member No. 123456
@customer let me look into that for you!
Please DM me your member number. ^agent
@brand thanks for the quick resolution!
Okay, looks like the order was lost in transit.
A replacement is on the way with complimentary
expedited delivery!
This diagram shows a sequence of interactions between a brand and customer, resulting in a
successful sentiment conversion.
36. 36
The Need for a Best-in-Class Solution
Improving social customer service is the most pressing short-term priority for contact centers in
the US and UK according to a study conducted by Forrester Consulting (Forrester 2014). More
than half of the companies surveyed believe that it will continue to grow in importance. Companies
are, in principle at least, recognizing that not only must they offer social as a customer service
option but that it must be a premium-level service — a service that can deliver satisfaction, inspire
loyalty and encourage advocacy. Clearly a best-in-class solution is called for.
However, such solutions appear to be the exception rather than the rule. Only 33% of the social
customer service solutions being used by those surveyed were actually selected by the Customer
Service team. The majority of solutions were obtained, instead, by Marketing. This often results
in a disconnect between Customer Service and Marketing, with the former stuck using Social
Media Management Suites (SMMS) for Customer Service.
These suites are often great for Marketing but insufficient for the complex needs of a Customer
Service department. This leads to organizations having to make unplanned investments to fix the
social customer service problem.
The issue becomes easier to understand when approached in terms of departmental priorities:
Customer Service
Priorities
Scalability and efficiency
Managing risk
Building an
awe-inspiring experience
Associate development
Growth from
existing customers
Marketing
Priorities
Gathering customer data
Increase conversion rates
Building brand awareness
Digital measurement
Growth from
new subscribers
37. 37
Ultimately, best-in-class solutions allow customer service teams to do what they do best—serve
the customer. These teams are not focused on reaching as many people as possible, building
brand awareness or adding subscribers like their Marketing colleagues, and as such, require a
different tool.
Best-in-class social customer service solutions provide the tools to deliver what contact center
teams actually want:
●● A timely and awe-inspiring social customer experience
●● An increase in operational efficiency and cost-savings
●● A well-managed and limited-risk organization
●● A platform that fits seamlessly and effortlessly into existing contact center systems
It is essential for social media to be fully integrated into the contact center. Integration allows
agents to be managed and resourced properly, with the same efficiency metrics as other channels;
and with integration of data across different channels allowing a customer to move seamlessly
among social, email and phone, when necessary.
38. Section What to Look for in a
Social Customer Service Solution09
39. 39
Context: Social customer service software needs to provide prior interaction history to
give agents full context of the customer’s issue. Threaded conversations of both private
and public messages gives your agents more information about the customer’s outreach,
resulting in more educated engagement and issue resolution.
Prioritization: Social media is full of noise, making it difficult for agents to identify sensitive
issues that matter to your organization. Ensure your social customer service software applies
intelligent prioritization to incoming messages, enabling agents to respond to ‘higher risk’
issues first.
Real-time analytics: Real-time analytics are key to continually monitoring the SLA and
KPI attainment of agents, as well as providing an early indicator for issues that might require
involvement of other departments. Additionally, social customer service software should
provide historical insights into trends over time to deliver actionable insight for your business.
Security: Regardless of industry, comprehensive safeguards need to be in place to ensure
information security and regulatory compliance. Look for a software that provides role-based
permissions, an approval workflow, IP locking and a fully searchable, exportable archive.
Integration: In order to achieve a single view of the customer, it is vital to choose a social
customer service software with a full set of APIs, which allows you to surface social information
through your CRM systems and contact center technologies.
Proactivecustomerservice:Brands using tools that only process @mentions are likely to
miss service issues, or potential sales opportunities. A tool that provides proactive searches
over social media will broaden your scope for engagement, meaning you don’t miss out on
valuable conversation opportunities.
Workflow: With the high incoming message volume social brings, agents and managers
need to work seamlessly to balance workload and avoid duplication of effort. Choose a
social customer service software that enables you to add a layer of automation, providing
a smart workflow for large-scale customer service teams, and empowering your agents to
deliver better and faster social customer service.
Expertise: Choose a social customer service partner capable of helping you implement a
scalable operation that aligns with business requirements and industry best practices.
What to Look for in a Social Customer Service Solution
Delivering customer service over social media presents an opportunity to delight customers
and improve brand reputation, while significantly reducing the cost per interaction. At the same
time, the public nature of social media carries a number of unique challenges, and minimizes the
margin for error. An effective, secure, and scalable social customer service program starts with a
dedicated solution that provides:
41. 41
The Future of Customer Service
In this guide, we’ve presented a model for enhancing customer experience through social
customer service. We’re now at the stage where social customer service is becoming an
established part of doing business. Tweet any company and most will respond, publicly and
quickly. And, although many companies haven’t begun delivering of social customer service at
the level consumers expect, they know they must — and are working toward that goal.
As a result of this change, the future of customer service is much clearer and, perhaps, even
predictable. It is being driven by three powerful trends, all of which would be impossible without
social media and the adoption of social customer service. First is the growing integration of social
customer service with other departments as a key source of customer and market insight. Second
is the adoption of Social Identity, which allows companies to track individual customers using
their social media handles as universal identifiers, enabling a unified customer view. Finally—but
far from least important—is the mobile revolution: the technology-driven cultural shift that has put
smartphones and tablets in everyone’s hands and made those devices, increasingly, the primary
means of connecting to the online world—and your company.
In brief, social customer service will become more intelligent, more mobile and less anonymous.
Social is a mother lode of business intelligence waiting to be tapped
Social media means that local problems can gain global exposure in mere minutes. But it also
allows businesses to get in-depth, real-time insight into their customers and supply chains that
can be instantly fed into relevant business units. It gives an amazing opportunity to engage
customers at the point-of-sale, whether in-store or at the online (or mobile) checkout — with the
potential to directly encourage sales and increase customer retention. Over half the revenue of
leading internet retailer JackThreads comes from mobile commerce — and they report that their
customer service team receives more product questions through Twitter than any other channel
(JackThreads 2013).
The transport industry provides a perfect example of the immediate need for information, and the
positive value that is created by taking a proactive approach via social. The social customer
service team of Greater Anglia, a UK train operator, is based in the central command center
(Greater Anglia 2013). They engage their customers in real time, not only to deliver service, but
also to gain feedback about what is happening across their network, and feed this back into the
rest of the business.
From anonymity to universal social identity
One of the more frustrating problems for customer service has been the lack of a unified customer
identity. Prior to social media, each new inquiry by an individual customer tended to create a new
identity for that customer within the customer service system. Back when the phone was the only
channel available (other than letters and telegrams), the problem didn’t exist because most
people had only one phone number to work with. Now, however, customers have multiple email
addresses and can phone from work, from home, or from their cell phones. Even IP addresses
can change, depending on the location of the computer being used. The same goes for delivery
addresses; people often move to a new home or switch jobs. This is the challenge companies
have been struggling with for decades: how to create ‘single view of the customer’ regardless of
the channel being used or the customer’s physical location.
42. 42
Social identity has the potential to tie all of these details together. Your Facebook profile ID is
fixed (even if you change your name), is deeply tied to your real identity through the social graph,
and is already linked to most of your email addresses, your phone numbers, and potentially even
your credit card accounts. What’s more, most people are constantly online now, whether via
computers, tablets, or smartphones. Social sign-ons gives businesses the opportunity to connect
social data to core customer records and use it as a primary identifier. This is possible in-store
and offline: many hotels and travel companies are now issuing tablets to ground staff so they can
display up-to-date and personalized customer information.
Using a #SocialFirst approach, companies can finally put an end to the ‘anonymous customer.’
Mobility: Leveraging social media communities for customer service
The potential value of both previous trends is made even greater when combined with the third
and possibly most important, trend: smartphones, tablets and the advent of continual connectivity.
This is not just about social as a take-it-with-you-wherever-you-go channel, however. The real
power comes from leveraging social media communities with the customer-as-a-service concept.
Here, your most knowledgeable and loyal customers, in addition to being brand advocates, take
an active role in delivering customer service by making their product expertise available to your
brand’s customer community via social media.
This peer-to-peer resolution can have the dual benefit of cost reduction and increased customer
satisfaction. According to Gartner, companies that integrate social communities into customer
support realize cost reductions ranging from 10 percent to 50 percent. Accenture research shows
that companies can also increase the degree of loyalty and advocacy they have with those
customers. And the concept is bound to grow significantly. Gartner predicts that community-
based peer-to-peer support, on platforms like Conversocial CROWDS, will quickly replace up to
40 percent of existing phone support.
Source: Tweet, Email or Call
43. 43
Closing Thoughts
“Type in your account number. Then repeat it again, this time verbally to an agent. Then repeat it
againtoanotheragent.Oh,thepain.Even30secondsistoolongfortoday’sin-the-moment,always-
engaged customer to wait, spelling trouble for the future of customer service through traditional
channels like email and phone. But it doesn’t have to be this way. With digital communication,
personal smartphone devices, and constant social identity, you should always know who your
customer is; whenever and however they decide to reach out. Instant, personalized service is
rapidly becoming the minimum that your customers expect. Anything else is falling behind, and
letting your customers down. We’ve all been talking about getting towards a ‘single view of the
customer’ for years — it’s now time to make it happen. Social data should be fully integrated into
your CRM system, and customer data into your social platforms.
Getting this single view of the customer is one of the major trends we see happening over the
next 12 months. The two other most important trends in social customer service are peer-peer
resolution, and mobile messaging.
Peer-to-peer resolution
Establishing lasting connections is both increasingly essential and difficult, as companies work
to build intimacy and loyalty in a time where consumers are more digital, more distant and more
discerning. Customers trust brands less, but they still trust their peers highly. But the online
forum, the traditional platform for peer-peer support, is an archaic technology. Based on primary
research, 50% of customers aged 18-29 are more likely to turn to social media when they have
a technical issue rather than a support forum. It’s time for peer-peer support to move into the
mobile and social era.
Mobile messaging applications
Mobile messaging consists of applications that provide messaging functionality on phones
and tablets delivered via data, rather than SMS. WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger are
the biggest in the West; WeChat is huge in Asia. These messaging apps are the biggest new
force in communication, and still growing. The daily message volume on WhatsApp (owned by
Facebook) is now 50% bigger than global SMS volume. Their functionality for 1:1 messaging
has everything you need for service: real-time, asynchronous, carrying a persistent identity and
plugged into smartphone notifications.
These messaging apps have the potential to become the biggest service channel for the
mobile, social customer. Technology is allowing us to move more and more basic transactions
into self-service functionality. But this doesn’t change needing to engage with your customers
in a human, authentic way. The world is now mobile and social focused — and your customer
service strategy should reflect this. It’s time to take a Social First (#SocialFirst) approach to
customer service and turn social customer service into a competitive advantage, not something
to try and sweep under the table.”
Joshua March
CEO & Founder, Conversocial
@joshuamarch
44. Sources:
Accenture, (2013). 2013 Global Customer Pulse.
[online] Available at: http://www.accenture.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/PDF/Accenture-Global-
Consumer-Pulse-Research-Study-2013.pdf
American Express, (2012). 2012 Global Customer Service Barometer.
[online] Available at: http://about.americanexpress.com/news/docs/2012x/axp_2012gcsb_us.pdf
Conversocial, (2013). Greater Anglia Case Study.
[online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/greater-anglia-case-study
Conversocial, (2013). JackThreads Case Study.
[online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/download-jackthreads-case-study-0-0
Conversocial, (2013). Preventing Social Media Crises.
[online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/preventing-social-media-crises
Conversocial, (2013). The Guide To Proactive Customer Service on Twitter.
[online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/guide-to-proactive-customer-service-download
Conversocial, (2013). Tweet, Email or Call?
[online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/tweet-email-or-call
Enkata, (2012). Next Contact Avoidance: A Pre-Emptive Strategy for Customer Satisfaction.
[online] Available at: http://www.ngcustomerexperience.com/media/whitepapers/2012/Enkata.pdf
Forbes, (2014). What We Can Learn From Seneca About Proactive Customer Service?
[online] Available at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/adrianswinscoe/2014/01/18/what-we-can-learn-from-
seneca-about-proactive-customer-service/
Forrester, (2013). Communication Channel Preferences for Customer Service Are Rapidly Changing.
Do You Know What Your Customers Need?
[online] Available at: http://blogs.forrester.com/kate_leggett/13-03-15-communication_channel_
preferences_for_customer_service_are_rapidly_changing_do_you_know_what_your_cus
Forrester, (2014). Social Customer Service Dedicated Solutions vs. All-in-one social media management
suites. [online] Available at: http://landing.conversocial.com/forrester-social-customer-service-report
Gartner, (2012). Use This Beginner’s Guide to Outsourcing Social CRM.
[online] Available at: https://www.gartner.com/doc/2265715/use-beginners-guide-outsourcing-social
NM Incite, (2014). State of Social Media: The Social Media Report 2012.
[online] Available at: http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/reports/2012/state-of-the-media-the-social-
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