Psychology

1. Sports Psychology /Psychological Test
Dr.Priti Pandey
Associate Prof. Physical Education
S.N.Sen B.V.P.G.College,Kanpur.

3. Phycho +logus
• A Study of soul ….
• A study of Mind
• A Study of Counciousness
• A Study of Behaviour

6. PIONEERS of Psychology
• The early pioneers of
psychology established it as a new and
independent science. Wundt, Freud,
Titchener, Wertheimer, Skinner, James
and Watson proposed four seminal
schools of thought, encompassing
both experiments in laboratory and
field, and also the development of
clinical therapies.
• 1921 APA President. Margaret Floy
Washburn was the first woman to
earn a doctoral degree in
American psychology (1894) and
• the second woman, after Mary
Whiton Calkins, to serve as APA
President. Ironically, Calkins earned
her doctorate at Harvard in 1894

7. Sports Psychology
• Triplett broke some ground, but Coleman Griffith is
considered the founder of sport psychology, as the first
researcher to specialize in the area. He taught a course
called “Psychology and Athletics,” and in 1925, opened the
first research lab specializing in sport psychology topics

8. Psychological Test
• Psychological testing is the administration of psychological tests,
which are designed to be "an objective and standardized measure of
a sample of behavior". The term sample of behavior refers to an
individual's performance on tasks that have usually been prescribed
beforehand.
• साइकोलॉजिकल टेस्ट जिसे आम भाषा में मनोवैज्ञाजनक परीक्षण भी कहा
िाता है, एक जवजिष्ट व्यवहार सेंपल क
े मानकीक
ृ त और उद्देश्य उपाय हैं.
'सेंपल व्यवहार' का अर्थ क
ु छ कायों पर जकसी क
े प्रदिथन को दिाथता है, जिसे
पहले उसे स ौंपा गया र्ा.

9. Methods of Psychology
• 1.Introspection
• 2.Observation
• 3.Experimental Method
• 4.Clinical Method
• 5.Developmental Method (Genetic)
• 6.Rating Scale and Questionnaire
• 7.Testing Method

10. There are nine types of psychological tests
• Intelligence tests.
• Personality tests.
• Attitude tests.
• Achievement tests.
• Aptitude tests.
• Neuropsychological tests.
• Vocational tests.
• Direct observation tests.

11. Properties of a Good Psychological Test. Three
important properties of any good psychological
test are validity, reliability, and (where appropriate)
standardization.
• एक अच्छी तरह से आयोजित साइकोलॉजिकल टेस्ट क
े जसद्ाौंत क्या हैं?
• उद्देश्य: एक स्कोररौंग जवजि ताजक पूवाथग्रह और अन्य व्यक्तिपरक जनणथय को कम जकया िा सक
े .
• टेस्ट मानदौंड: सौंदभथ क
े ज ौंदु या तुलना क
े अन्य ज ौंदुओौं क
े आिार पर जकसी अन्य प्रदिथन और स्कोर क
े सार्
अन्य उत्तरदाताओौं की तुलना करना.
• वैिता: टेस्ट जिसको प्रभाव में लाना माना िाता है, उसे लगातार मापने में सक्षम होना चाजहए.
• मानकीकरण: सभी परीक्षणोौं को एक ही जनयौंजित वातावरण क
े तहत जकया िाना चाजहए ताजक परीक्षणोौं और
पररणामोौं क
े ीच क्तथर्रता और मानकीकरण हो.
• जवश्वसनीयता: ार- ार परीक्षण क
े ाद एक ही पररणाम प्राप्त करना है.

13. 1903 First IQ Test is made

14. IQ TEST
• The most common types of IQ tests are:
• Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale.
• Universal Nonverbal Intelligence.
• Differential Ability Scales.
• Peabody Individual Achievement Test.
• Wechsler Individual Achievement Test.
• Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
• Woodcock Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Disabilitie

16. Personality tests
• Personality tests are techniques designed to measure
one's personality. They are used to
diagnose psychological problems as well as to screen
candidates for college and employment. There are two
types of personality tests: self-report inventories
and projective tests.

17. Types of Personality Test 16 PF
• In his explorations of personality,
British psychologist Raymond Cattell found that variations in
human personality could be best explained by a model that has
sixteen variables (personality traits), using a statisical procedure
known as factor analysis.
• Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI) (Extroversion/Introversion) ...
The traits measured are Extraversion-Introversion and Neuroticism.
When you fill out Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI) you get
three scores. The 'lie score' is out of 9. It measures how socially
desirable you are trying to be in your answers.

18. The Jung personality test AND The Rorschach
inkblot test
• measures your preferences for dealing with and relating to people, processing
information, making decisions and organizing your life. ... The Jung typology is
the result of the work of Carl Gustav Jung, an eminent Swiss psychiatrist who
originated Jungian Psychology.(introvert,extrovert thinking/ feeling)
• The Rorschach inkblot test is a psychological test in which subjects' perceptions
of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation,
complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a
person's personality characteristics and emotional functioning. The Rorschach
Inkblot Test is a projective psychological test consisting of 10 inkblots printed on
cards (five in black and white, five in color) created in 1921 with the publication
of Psychodiagnostik by Hermann Rorschach. During the 1940s and 1950s, the test
was synonymous with clinical psychology.

20. Attitude test
• Attitude test assess an individual's feelings about an event, person, or
object. Attitude scales are used in marketing to determine individual (and
group) preferences for brands, or items. Typically attitude tests use either
a Thurstone scale, or Likert Scale to measure specific items. Likert scale 5
point test and 6 point test((1) Strongly disagree; (2) Disagree; (3) Neither
agree nor disagree; (4) Agree; (5) Strongly agree.) Extremely satisfied Very
satisfied, Somewhat satisfied, Somewhat dissatisfied, Very dissatisfied and
Extremely dissatisfied.
• Attitude measurement can be divided into two basic categories
• Direct Measurement (likert scale and semantic differential)
• Indirect Measurement (projective techniques and the implicit association
test)

21. Thurstone scale
• In psychology and sociology, the Thurstone scale was the first formal
technique to measure an attitude. It was developed by Louis
Leon Thurstone in 1928, as a means of measuring attitudes towards
religion. ... People check each of the statements to which they agree,
and a mean score is computed, indicating their attitude.

22. ACHIEVEMENT TEST
• Achievement test may be of different types on the basis of the
purpose for which it is administered. They are diagnostic tests,
prognostic test, accuracy test, power test, spit test etc. Achievement
tests can be administered in different period of time.
• An achievement test is a standardized test that is designed to
measure an individual's level of knowledge in a particular area.
• Spelling tests, timed arithmetic tests, and map quizzes are
all examples of achievement tests. Each measures how well students
can demonstrate their knowledge of a particular academic subject or
skill. Achievement tests on a small scale like these are administered
frequently in schools.

23. APTITUDE TEST
• aptitude test is an exam used to determine an
individual's propensity to succeed in a given
activity. Aptitude tests assume that individuals have
inherent strengths and weaknesses, and have a
natural inclination toward success or failure in specific
areas based on their innate characteristics.

25. Neuropsychological test
• Neuropsychological test. Neuropsychological tests are specifically
designed tasks used to measure a psychological function known to be
linked to a particular brain structure or pathway.
• Tests are used for research into brain function and in a clinical setting for
the diagnosis of deficits. Neuropsychological tests may help your doctor
figure out the cause. ... Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your
brain affects your thinking skills and ... Here are some examples of the
kinds of tests

26. VOCATIONAL TEST
• Vocational tests, also referred to as career tests or occupational tests,
are used to measure your interests, values, strengths and
weaknesses. This information is then used to determine which
careers or occupational settings you are most suitable for

27. OBSERVATION TEST
• Observation (Direct) Tests: Primarily used for research work, direct
observation tests allow for observing the behavior of the respondent
as he/she completes certain tasks and activities.
• direct observation. a method of collecting data in which a researcher
simply views or listens to the subjects of the research, without asking
specific questions or manipulating any variables. The method
of direct observation is useful in evaluation research or field research.
See also naturalistic observation.

28. BE POSSITIVE…….
AND KEEP READING…….