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Total evidence
phylogenies
The missing data issue
Thomas Guillerme
?
@TGuillerme
Trinity College Dublin
Acknowledgements
Natalie Cooper (Natural History Museum - UK)
Gavin Thomas (Univ. Sheffield - UK)
Emmanuel Douzery (Univ. Montpellier II - FR)
Frédéric Delsuc (Univ. Montpellier II - FR)
Trevor Hodkinson (Trinity College Dublin - IE)
@TGuillerme
Time
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
What is the effect of
missing data on tree
topology?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData No missing data
Missing data
25%
50%
75%
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
? ? ? ?
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
? 0 ? 0
0 1 ? 0
? ? 1 ?
0 ? 1 1
Fossil taxa
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 1
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
Living taxa
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData No missing data
Missing data
25%
50%
75%
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
? ? ? ?
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
A B C D
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData No missing data
Missing data
25%
50%
75%
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
? ? ? ?
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
A B C D
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
150 CPU years later…
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
6 PhD months later…
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData No missing data
Missing data
25%
50%
75%
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
? ? ? ?
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
SimulatedData
A B C D
A B C D
A BCD
A BCD
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
A B C D
A B C D
A BCD
A BCD
No missing data
Missing data
25%
50%
75%
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Treesimilarity
Data
1
0
100% 25%
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Treesimilarity
1
0
Trees are identical
Trees are no more different
than expected by chance
Data100% 25%
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Results
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Data100% 25%
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Missing data
for living taxa
Data100% 25%
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 ? 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
A T T G A A C
A T C G A A C
A T C G G A C
A T C G G A A
0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
? ? ? ?
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
0 ? 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
We need
morphological data
from living taxa!
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
How much data
are out there?
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Available data
?
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Available data
?
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Available data
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Available data
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
Available data
16%
56/351
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Missing data
for living taxa
Data100% 25%
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Missing data
for living taxa
Data100% 25%
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Missing data
for living taxa
Data100% 25%
@TGuillerme
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015
biorxiv.org
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted
Mol. Phyl. Evol.
Treesimilarity
1
0
Missing data in
the fossil record
Missing data
for living taxa
Data100% 25%
@TGuillerme
Thank you
Guillerme & Cooper, 2015
biorxiv.org
Guillerme & Cooper, accepted
Mol. Phyl. Evol.

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Total evidence phylogenies: the missing data issue

  • 1. Total evidence phylogenies The missing data issue Thomas Guillerme ? @TGuillerme Trinity College Dublin
  • 2. Acknowledgements Natalie Cooper (Natural History Museum - UK) Gavin Thomas (Univ. Sheffield - UK) Emmanuel Douzery (Univ. Montpellier II - FR) Frédéric Delsuc (Univ. Montpellier II - FR) Trevor Hodkinson (Trinity College Dublin - IE) @TGuillerme
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 8.
  • 9. A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A
  • 10. 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A
  • 11. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
  • 12. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
  • 13. What is the effect of missing data on tree topology?
  • 14. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData No missing data Missing data 25% 50% 75% ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 15. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 16. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 ? 0 ? 0 0 1 ? 0 ? ? 1 ? 0 ? 1 1 Fossil taxa Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 17. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Living taxa Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 18. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData No missing data Missing data 25% 50% 75% ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData A B C D Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 19. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData No missing data Missing data 25% 50% 75% ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData A B C D Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 20. 150 CPU years later… Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 21. 6 PhD months later… Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 22. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData No missing data Missing data 25% 50% 75% ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 SimulatedData A B C D A B C D A BCD A BCD Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 23. A B C D A B C D A BCD A BCD No missing data Missing data 25% 50% 75% Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 24. Treesimilarity Data 1 0 100% 25% Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 25. Treesimilarity 1 0 Trees are identical Trees are no more different than expected by chance Data100% 25% Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 26. Results Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 27. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Data100% 25% Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 28. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Missing data for living taxa Data100% 25% Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 29. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 30. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 ? 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 31. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A T T G A A C A T C G A A C A T C G G A C A T C G G A A 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 ? ? ? ? 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 ? 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 32. We need morphological data from living taxa! Guillerme & Cooper, accepted, Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 33. How much data are out there?
  • 34. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv
  • 35. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv Available data ?
  • 36. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv Available data ?
  • 37. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv Available data
  • 38. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv Available data
  • 39. Guillerme & Cooper, 2015, bioRxiv Available data 16% 56/351
  • 40. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Missing data for living taxa Data100% 25%
  • 41. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Missing data for living taxa Data100% 25%
  • 42. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Missing data for living taxa Data100% 25% @TGuillerme Guillerme & Cooper, 2015 biorxiv.org Guillerme & Cooper, accepted Mol. Phyl. Evol.
  • 43. Treesimilarity 1 0 Missing data in the fossil record Missing data for living taxa Data100% 25% @TGuillerme Thank you Guillerme & Cooper, 2015 biorxiv.org Guillerme & Cooper, accepted Mol. Phyl. Evol.