FAMILY.pptx

FAMILY
Owondo Thomas
Bwindi Community Hospital
© 2017 Thomas Owondo. All rights reserved.

INTRODUCTION
• The family acts as a primary socialization of children
whereby the child first learns the basic values and norms
of the culture they will grow up in.
• A child needs to be carefully nurtured, cherished and
molded into responsible individuals with good values and
strong ethics. Therefore, it is important to provide them
the best childcare so that they grow up to be physically,
mentally and emotionally strong individuals.
© 2017 Thomas Owondo. All rights reserved. 2

DEFINITION
• Family is a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood
or adoption; constituting a single household, interacting and inter-
communicating with each other in their respective social roles of
husband and wife, mother and father, son and daughter, brother
and sister creating a common culture.
• Family is an intimate domestic group made up of people related to
one another by bonds of blood, sexual mating, or legal ties.
• A group of people related by either blood, marriage, or adoption.
• People with or without legal or blood ties who feel they belong
together.

FAMILY
• Basic unit of the society
• Primary unit of the society
• Biological unit of the society
• Cultural unit of the society
• Epidemiological unit of the society

CHARACTERISTICS OF A FAMILY
• Attachment of Blood Relations: The family members have blood relations
with one another. But on the other hand blood relation is not so important is a
family because if the family members there would be no blood relatives is
case if adoption, relation is that of affinity. So, family is not restricted to the
blood relations among its members.
• Economic Provision: Family is the basic institution for the provision of the
economic resources. Every individual is assigned a specific work, man can
go outside of the home for earning while women do her domestic works. So,
this division of labour is a source of economy provision and the basic help of
dependent members like children and old age people.
• Emotional Basis: Family institutions is characterized by the emotional
relationships b/w family members. It brings unity and harmony is family
members due to “we feelings” among them. Family members feels
themselves attach to on another on the basis of personal interests and
relations.

• Nomenclature System: Every family has its own ancestral name for
which the whole family can be recognized. For this purpose a
nomenclature system go as is a family and attach to the member’s
names.
• Common Habitation: Family members have the characteristics to live is
a common home. This home may be a single roof or an entire place,
rented or the ancestral home of the family but they live is a particular
place together. The nomadic families also have the common habitation
under a tent.
• Permanent Relations of Husband Wife: Family is a social institution is
which there exists a permanent relationships b/w the couple to produce
young ones and to look after them.
• Permanency: Family is a permanent social institution is which members
live is a lifelong time connected to one another.

• Permanent Sexual Relations: Only place is which the husband and his wife
has permanent sexual relations and needs satisfaction. This relationship
gives a charm to their social life due to marriage and marital relationships.
• Universality: Family is a universal institution recognized and accepted
everywhere. Family system is in practice everywhere even the primitive
societies is.
• Closed Group: Family is a closed group is which the members have tied
themselves to one another. Every person cannot become the group member
of a family but there is small chances of gaining a family like marriage, birth,
adoption etc.
• Each Family has a Head: It is also the basic characteristic of a family to has
its own head. It would be the father, mother or any other member of family
but must be a powerful authority to govern the rules of a family.

FAMILY STRUCTURE
• Family structure relates to various aspects of families, the way they are
organised, the power relations within the group, the size of the family
etc.
• What constitutes a family varies across the globe depending on a
variety of factors including subsistence practices and economic
behaviors.
• Family structure has changed dramatically over the last 50 years.
• There are six specific types of family structures identified by society
today.
• The following types of families exist today, with some families naturally
falling into multiple categories. For example, a single parent family who
lives in a larger, extended family. While these types of families are
distinct in definition, in practice the lines are less clear.

FAMILY STRUCTURE
 On the basis of size or structure and generations of family can
be classified into two main types:
• Nuclear Family; This is also known as the conjugal family,
elementary family or family of procreation. Nuclear families are
comprised of married partners and their offspring.
 The nuclear family is the traditional type of family structure.
Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are
married.
• Extended family: The extended family is the most common type
of family in the world. Extended families include at least three
generations: grandparents, married offspring, and grandchildren.

FAMILY STRUCTURE
On the basis of marriage family has been classified into
three major types:
• Polygamous family: Polygamy ("state of marriage to
many spouses") is the practice of marrying multiple
spouses. When a man is married to more than one wife at
a time.
• Polyandry: When a woman is married to more than one
husband at a time
• Monogamy is when one is married to, or is in a sexual
relationship with, one person at a time.

FAMILY STRUCTURE
On the basis of the nature of authority family can be
classified into two main types:
• Matriarchal Family: The matriarchal family known as mother centered or
mother dominated family. The mother or the woman is the head of the family.
She exercises authority and manages the property. The descent is traced
through the mother hence it is matrilineal in descent. Daughters inherit the
property of the mother. The status of the children is decided by the status of
the mother. After the marriage the wife stays back in her mother's home.
• Patriarchal Family: The patriarchal family is also known as father
centered or father dominated family. The father is the head of the family and
exercises authority. He is the administrator of the family property.

FAMILY STRUCTURE
• OTHERS INCLUDE;
 Single parent Family;
 Step Family
 Childless Family
 Grandparent Family
 ETC Family

FUNCTIONS OF FAMILY
• Regulates sexual behavior and reproduction
• The family performs the function of biological
maintenance.
• The family is the chief agency for socializing the child.
• The family gives its members status
• The family is an important mechanism for social control.
• Economic function
• Educational, recreational, religious and political functions.

ADVANTAGES OF NUCLEAR FAMILY
• Less number of children: Family planning programme
becomes successful in nuclear families.
• Peace and Harmony: Peace and harmony are very much
essential for a pleasant family life. In nuclear families there is
no misunderstanding and they enjoy a harmonious
atmosphere by living together.
• Development of Personality: Nuclear family plays an
important role in the development of personality of individuals.
Children are more close to the parents and can have more
free and frank discussion about their problems with parents
which helps for the better development of their personality.

ADVANTAGES OF NUCLEAR FAMILY
• Problem Free Unit: There is no chance of in-laws conflict.
Financial problem does not arise in nuclear family
• Individual Responsibilities:In nuclear family there is no
shifting of responsibility like in joint family. The parents are
bound to take responsibility of their children by themselves.
• Better Condition of Women:In nuclear families the condition
of woman is better than joint families. She gets enough time
to look after her children. She also gets time to plan and
manage her house according to her own idea. There is no
interference of elders. Her husband can also devote more
attention to the wife in nuclear family.

DISADVANTAGES OF NUCLEAR
FAMILY
• Insecurity of Children: In nuclear family both husband and wife
adopt profession outside the family, then children are neglected
and looked after by the servants. They feel lonely and emotional
insecure. They develop more anxiety. If the bread winner dies or
becomes incapable to en, there is no one to support the family.
Even in time of emergency like sickness, accident or during
pregnancy family members are very much neglected and there is
no one to take care of them.
• Loneliness: Feeling of loneliness is one of important drawbacks
in nuclear family. After completion of household task, the
housewife becomes alone at home. At the time of emergency one
can get any help and support from any other.

DISADVANTAGES OF NUCLEAR
FAMILY
• Insecure For Old, Widow and Divorce: In nuclear family widowed, old and
divorce fare very much neglected. No one in the family bothers to take care of
them. Physically and psychologically they feel insecure. Above all in nuclear
family children are socially, emotionally and educational maladjusted.
• Agency to Develop Bad Qualities of Inmates: As it is an autonomous unit, it
is free from the social control of elders. So the children develop all sorts of bad
qualities like theft, her and lead their lifestyle in indiscipline way. They become
unsocial as they do not get opportunity to mix with other members of the
family.
• Economic disadvantage: The property of the family is divided among the
brothers and each live separately. The land being subdivided does not yield
much production resulting the land as an uneconomic holding. On the other
hand one has to employ other labours to achieve the desired goal due to
limited size of family. In this way the economic loss is more in nuclear family by
17

ADVANTAGES OF EXTENDED FAMILY
• Education: children learn faster to share, to help at home and to
be more careful about their things. Children get a lot of help with
their homework.
• Socialization: in large families there is usually no loneliness,
which allows children to have greater ease of relating to other
people.Children have more playmates, More people to interact
with and this helps them become more social.
• Company: there is always someone to play with, share your
sorrows and also your joys, every time there is a family member
who can support you.
• Collaboration: the members of a large family value more what
they have, because they understand the sacrifice it entails for
everyone. © 2017 Thomas Owondo. All rights reserved. 18

ADVANTAGES OF EXTENDED FAMILY
• Benefits: in various places or establishments there are
usually promotions for large groups and that is when they
take advantage of the huge families.
• More support children receive more support and
love throughout their lives, from a baby to adulthood.
Greater security to solve problems of economic crisis
type. – Increased emotional support by being close to so
many people who love you.
• You can save money some extended family pool their
resources to run their home so this help each individual to
save money. © 2017 Thomas Owondo. All rights reserved. 19

DISADVANTAGES OF EXTENDED
FAMILY
• Expenses: parents face much greater expenses than in
cases of families with a smaller number of children.
• Control: parents must know how to control both their
emotions and those of their children, or the atmosphere in
the house can become a complete chaos.
• Less free time: due to so many members, leisure time
may be non-existent, since there will always be someone
to tell you what you do.
• Less privacy: in most cases they have to share a room,
so privacy is rather scarce in large families.

DISADVANTAGES OF EXTENDED
FAMILY
• A lot of argument different tastes in food, movies and
other things can lead to heated discussions .
• Less control of children parents are less likely to control
their children because of being spoiled by grandparents or
aunts and uncles.

FAMILY INFLUENCES ON
HEALTH CARE
• Families help determine the following:
• Whether or not to seek treatment.
• What type of treatment is appropriate.
• Who should provide the treatment or care.
• Where the treatment or care should be provided.

FAMILY INFLUENCES ON
HEALTH CARE
• Families are often the major caregivers for their relatives.
• Extended families and communities have traditionally
acted as a buffer against excessive stress and illness.
• Lack of social support from family or significant others
results in psychological and spiritual isolation, which may
negatively impact a person’s physiological state.

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