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The State of Inequality in Dallas
- 1. The State of Inequality in Dallas Dr. Timothy M. Bray Director, The Institute for Urban Policy Research
- 2. Will Rogers “It’s not what we don’t know that hurts us, it’s what we know that just ain’t so!”
- 3. The Face of Inequality…
- 5. How is Poverty Defined? How Much Is Enough? How Much is Too Little? "Mollie Orshansky 1967" by Unknown Social Security Administration History Archives. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons
- 6. Defining Poverty – 2014 Size of family unit Related children under 18 years None One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight or more One person (unrelated individual Under 65 years 12,316 65 years and over 11,354 Two people Householder under 65 years 15,853 16,317 Householder 65 years and over 14,309 16,256 Three people 18,518 19,055 19,073 Four people 24,418 24,817 24,008 24,091 Five people 29,447 29,875 28,960 28,252 27,820 Six people 33,869 34,004 33,303 32,631 31,633 31,041 Seven people 38,971 39,214 38,375 37,791 36,701 35,431 34,036 Eight people 43,586 43,970 43,179 42,485 41,501 40,252 38,953 38,622 Nine people or more 52,430 52,685 51,984 51,396 50,430 49,101 47,899 47,601 45,768 Source: US Bureau of the Census, 2014 PovertyThresholdTable
- 7. Minimum Wage Is Often Below Poverty Wage Size of family unit Related children under 18 years None One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight or more One person (unrelated individual) Under 65 years 122% 65 years and over Two people Householder under 65 years 190% 92% Householder 65 years and over Three people 244% 158% 79% Four people 247% 182% 126% 63% Five people 256% 202% 156% 107% 54% Six people 267% 222% 181% 139% 95% 49% Seven people 271% 231% 196% 160% 123% 85% 44% Eight people 277% 240% 210% 177% 145% 112% 77% 39% Nine people or more 259% 229% 203% 176% 150% 123% 94% 63% 33%
- 8. What About a Living Wage? Costs for a Family ofThree in Dallas Co. Food$6,704 Childcare$7,977 Medical$6,534 Housing$10,956 Transportation$9,859 Other$4,284 Required Income$46,315 Taxes$5,335 Income BeforeTaxes$51,650 Required HourlyWage$24.83 TypicalAnnualWages Education, Training, and Library - $47,200 Healthcare Support - $24,600 Protective Service - $37,000 Food Prep, Serving , & Related - $18,620 Office & Administrative Support - $30,920 Production - $30,460 Community & Social Service - $42,580
- 10. Poverty in Dallas Among Highest in Poverty Rates • In 2014, 25% of Dallas residents lived below the poverty line. • 46% lived below 185% of the poverty line. Poverty Outpaced Population Growth • Population grew by 8% from 2000-2014. • Persons living in poverty grew by 49% from 2000-2014.
- 11. Children in Poverty 2000 Number of Children Living in Poverty 79,045 Percent of Children Living in Poverty 26% Percent of Poor Who Are Children 38% 2014 Number of Children Living in Poverty 125,884 Percent of Children Living in Poverty 38% Percent of PoorWho Are Children 41% 59% Increase Poor Children, 8% Increase Pop Highest Poverty Rate and 2nd FastestAmong Large Cities
- 12. Hispanics in Poverty 2000 Number of Hispanics Living in Poverty 101,705 Percent of Hispanics Living in Poverty 24% Percent of the PoorWho Are Hispanic 49% 2014 Number of Hispanics Living in Poverty 156,104 Percent of Hispanics Living in Poverty 30% Percent of the PoorWho Are Hispanic 50% 53% Increase Poor Persons, 8% Increase Pop 3rd Largest Poverty Rate and 3rd FastestAmong Large Cities
- 13. African Americans in Poverty 2000 Number of African Americans Living in Poverty 72,320 Percent of African Americans Living in Poverty 24% Percent of the Poor Who AreAfrican American 35% 2014 Number of African Americans Living in Poverty 98,888 Percent of African Americans Living in Poverty 32% Percent of the Poor Who Are African American 32% 37% Increase Poor Persons, 2% Increase Pop 2nd Largest Poverty Rate and 4th FastestAmong Large Cities
- 14. 2014 Poverty by Tract
- 15. Significant Changes in Poverty 2010-2014
- 16. Concentrated Poverty in Dallas 2014
- 17. Change in Concentrated Poverty 2010 - 2014
- 18. Income Dissimilarity - 2014
- 19. Change in Income Dissimilarity – 2010-2014
- 20. Why Does Poverty Matter?
- 21. A Different World… An Inequality of Opportunity
- 22. Number of Grocery Stores Within 30 Minute Public Transit
- 23. Number of Pharmacies Within 30 Minute Public Transit
- 24. Major Racial and Ethnic Identities in Concentrated Poverty Neighborhoods
- 25. Interaction Index – Hispanic of Any Race
- 26. Interaction Index – Non-Hispanic Black or African American
- 27. The Impact of Toxic Stress Source: US Department of Health and Human Services Healthy Marriage and Responsible Fatherhood
- 28. Poverty Impacts Brain Development
- 29. Economic Distress Impacts Civic Participation 46% of Non-voters have family incomes less than $30,000 per year. Only 19% of likely voters are from low-income families.
- 30. What Can We Do About It?
- 31. Poverty: Damaged Child Kelly Short Oklahoma City, OK, USA 1936 (Colorized)
- 32. James 2: 14-17 NABre What good is it, my brothers, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can that faith save him? If a brother or sister has nothing to wear and has no food for the day, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, keep warm, and eat well,” but you do not give them the necessities of the body, what good is it? So also faith of itself, if it does not have works, is dead.
- 33. Address to the Joint Session of Congress Sept. 24, 2015 “In a word, if we want security, let us give security; if we want life, let us give life; if we want opportunities, let us provide opportunities.” -Pope Francis Image Credit:Time Magazine
- 34. For More Information Dr. Timothy M. Bray Institute for Urban Policy Research The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Road, WT20 Richardson, Texas 75080 V: 972-883-5430 F: 972-883-5431 timothy.bray@utdallas.edu http://iupr.utdallas.edu www.slideshare.net/TimothyBray @timothy_bray