THE CORE is associated with abdominal muscle groups (transversus abdominis, internal/external obliques, rectus abdominis), hip abductors/adductors, hip flexors, and the lumbar spine. This presentation outlines all of the muscles involved in developing core stability including: - origin - insertion - action

1. Presented by
COREESSENTIALS

2. Presented by
CORE STABILITY relates to the bodily region
bounded by the abdominal wall, the pelvis, the lower
back, and the diaphragm, and its ability to stabilize the
body during movement.

3. Presented by
THE CORE is associated with abdominal muscle
groups (transversus abdominis, internal/external
obliques, rectus abdominis), hip abductors/adductors,
hip flexors, and the lumbar spine.

4. Presented by
CORE STABILIZING MUSCLES contract
together (synchronized) upon the contents of
abdominal cavity that provides support to the spine and
pelvis during movement.

5. Presented by
THE CORE is typically associated with
isometric strength, but the lumbar spine is primarily
responsible for posture and stability providing the
strength needed for stability required in dynamic sports.

6. Presented by
THE CORE is activated first whenever a person
moves to lift an object or simply moves from one
position to another (this typically occurs with an
unconscious change in breathing pattern).

7. Presented by
THE ABDOMEN

8. Presented by
RECTUS ABDOMINIS
ORIGIN
• pubic crest
• pubic symphysis
INSERTION
• 5th, 6th, and 7th costal cartilages
• medial intercostal margin
• xiphoid process (posterior aspect)
ACTION
• flexes trunk
• aids forced expiration
• raises intra-abdominal pressure
RECTUS ABDOMINIS

9. Presented by
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
ORIGIN
• costal margin
• lumbar fascia
• iliac crest (anterior two-thirds)
• inguinal ligament (lateral half)
INSERTION
• aponeurosis of rectus sheath (anterior and
posterior)
• conjoint tendon to pubic crest
• pectineal line
ACTION
• supports abdominal wall
• aids forced expiration
• aids in raising intra-abdominal pressure
• conjoint tendon supports posterior wall of
inguinal canal
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

10. Presented by
INTERNAL OBLIQUES
ORIGIN
• lumbar fascia
• iliac crest (anterior two-thirds)
• inguinal ligament (lateral half)
INSERTION
• costal margin
• aponeurosis of rectus sheath (anterior and
posterior)
• conjoint tendon to pubic crest
• pectineal line
ACTION
• supports abdominal wall
• assists forced expiration
• aids in raising intra-abdominal pressure
• abducts and rotates trunk (with muscles of
other side)
• Conjoint tendon supports posterior wall of
inguinal canal
INTERNAL OBLIQUES

11. Presented by
EXTERNAL OBLIQUES
ORIGIN
• anterior angles of the lower eight ribs
INSERTION
• iliac crest (outer anterior half)
• inguinal ligament
• pubic tubercle and crest
• aponeurosis of rectus sheath (anterior)
ACTION
• supports abdominal wall
• assists forced expiration
• aids in raising intra-abdominal pressure
• abducts and rotates trunk (with muscles of
other side)
EXTERNAL OBLIQUES

12. Presented by
DIAPHRAGM
ORIGIN
• vertebral: crura from the bodies of L1-2
(left), L1-3 (right)
• costal: medial and lateral cruciate liga-
ments, inner aspect of lower six ribs
• sternal: two slips from posterior aspect of
xiphoid process
INSERTION
• central tendon
ACTION
• inspiration
• assists in raising intra-abdominal pressure
DIAPHRAGM

13. Presented by
THE BACK

14. Presented by
ERECTOR SPINAE
ORIGIN
• spinous processes of T9 to T12
INSERTION
• spinous processes of T1 and T2
• cervical vertebrae
ACTION
• extends the vertebral column
ERECTOR SPINAE

15. Presented by
ILIOCOSTALIS
ORIGIN
• iliac crest
• sacrum
• lumbar vertebrae
INSERTION
• ribs
• cervical transverse processes
ACTION
• extends the vertebral column
• lateral flexes the vertebral column
ILIOCOSTALIS

16. Presented by
SPINALIS
ORIGIN
• spinous processes
INSERTION
• spinous processes six levels above
ACTION
• lateral flexion of the vertebral column
SPINALIS

17. Presented by
LONGISSIMUS
ORIGIN
• transverse processes
INSERTION
• transverse processes several levels above
ACTION
• extends the vertebral column
LONGISSIMUS

18. Presented by
MULTIFIDUS
ORIGIN
• sacrum
• erector spinae
• aponeurosis
• posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
• iliac crest
INSERTION
• spinous processes of the vertebrae (from
the sacrum to the axis)
ACTION
• stabilizes the vertebrae in local movements
of the vertebral column
MULTIFIDUS

19. Presented by
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
ORIGIN
• apices of transverse processes of L1 to L4
• iliolumbar ligament
• iliac crest (posterior third)
INSERTION
• inferior border to the 12th rib
ACTION
• lateral flexion of the vertebral column
(ipsilateral contraction)
• extension of lumbar vertebral column
(bilateral contraction)
• fixes the 12th rib during forced expiration
• elevates ilium (ipsilateral contraction)
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

20. Presented by
THE PELVIS

21. Presented by
ILIACUS
ORIGIN
• iliac fossa (within the abdomen)
INSERTION
• femur (lesser trochanter - lower surface)
ACTION
• flexes and laterally rotates the thigh at the
hip
• flexes trunk and pelvis on thigh
ILIACUS

22. Presented by
PSOAS
ORIGIN
• transverse processes of L1 to L5
• bodies of T12 to L5
• intervertebral discs below bodies of T12 to
L4
INSERTION
• femur (lesser trochanter - middle surface)
ACTION
• flexes and laterally rotates the thigh at the
hip
• flexes vertebral column
PSOAS

23. Presented by
RECTUS FEMORIS
ORIGIN
• straight head: anterior inferior iliac spine
• reflected head: ilium (above acetabulum)
INSERTION
• quadriceps tendon to patella
ACTION
• extends leg at the knee
• flexes thigh at hip
RECTUS FEMORIS

24. Presented by
SARTORIUS
ORIGIN
• anterior superior iliac spine (directly below)
INSERTION
• tibia (upper medial surface of the shaft)
ACTION
• flexes thigh at the hip
• abducts thigh at the hip
• laterally rotates thigh at the hip
• flexes leg at the knee
• rotates leg at the knee
SARTORIUS

25. Presented by
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE
ORIGIN
• iliac crest (between tubercle of iliac crest
and the anterior superior iliac spine)
INSERTION
• iliotibial tract (anterior surface of the lateral
condyle of the tibia)
ACTION
• maintains extension of the knee
• abducts at the hip
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

26. Presented by
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
ORIGIN
• ilium (outer surface)
• sacrum (lateral mass)
• sacrotuberous ligament
• coccyx
INSERTION
• gluteal tuberosity of femus (deepest
quarter)
• iliotibial tract (remaining three-quarters)
ACTION
• extends the thigh at the hip
• laterally rotates the thigh at the hip
• maintains extension of the knee (via
iliotibial tract)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

27. Presented by
GLUTEUS MEDIUS
ORIGIN
• ilium (outer surface)
INSERTION
• greater trochanter of femur (posterolateral
surface)
ACTION
• abducts the thigh at the hip
• medially rotates the thigh at the hip
• pelvic tilt when walking
GLUTEUS MEDIUS

28. Presented by
ADDUCTOR BREVIS
ORIGIN
• pubis (inferior ramus and body)
INSERTION
• linea aspera (upper third)
ACTION
• adducts the thigh at the hip
ADDUCTOR BREVIS

29. Presented by
ADDUCTOR LONGUS
ORIGIN
• pubis (superior ramus)
INSERTION
• medial linea aspera (lower two-thirds)
ACTION
• adducts the thigh at the hip
• laterally rotates the thigh at the hip
• flexes thigh at the hip ADDUCTOR LONGUS

30. Presented by
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
ORIGIN
• adductor portion: ischiopubic ramus
• hamstring portion: lower outer quadrant
of the posterior surface of the ischial
tuberosity
INSERTION
• adductor portion: lower gluteal line and
linea aspera
• hamstring portion: adductor tubercle
ACTION
• adductor portion: adducts and medially
rotates the thigh at the hip
• hamstring portion: extends the thigh at the
hip
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

31. Presented by
PECTINEUS
ORIGIN
• pubis (pectineal line)
• superior pubic ramus (directly below)
INSERTION
• vertical line between spiral line and gluteal
crest below lesser trochanter of femur
ACTION
• flexes the thigh at the hip
• adducts the thigh at the hip
• medially rotates the thigh at the hip
PECTINEUS

32. Presented by
GRACILIS
ORIGIN
• ischiopubic ramus (outer surface)
INSERTION
• upper medial shaft of tibia below sartorius
ACTION
• adducts the thigh at the hip
• flexes knee
• medially rotates a flexed knee
GRACILIS

33. Presented by
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