The document discusses the challenges climate change poses to human health and opportunities for addressing it. It notes increasing threats such as water shortages affecting billions, ocean acidification, biodiversity loss, and risks of extreme heat. However, policies to transition to a low-carbon economy could yield major health benefits like reduced air pollution and provide large economic benefits exceeding abatement costs. Cities will be important to address as they contribute most greenhouse gas emissions but also offer opportunities through accessible transport, clean energy, and resilient infrastructure. Food and agriculture sectors also present opportunities to mitigate emissions and benefit health through plant-based diets and reduced food waste.