Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects multiple organs. Common symptoms include fatigue, fever, arthritis, mouth ulcers, and a butterfly-shaped rash on the face. SLE is diagnosed based on 11 criteria including specific rashes, joint pain, organ inflammation, and blood abnormalities. While there is no cure for SLE, treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and protecting organs using medications like NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and hydroxychloroquine. The goal is to relieve symptoms and decrease disease activity.

1. systemic lupus erythematosus
Done by:
Abdulaziz alwarthan
Abdulaziz aldossari
Abdulaziz alshamlan
Ajebee jugdmi
Ali alshammari

2. What is systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)?
Is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown
cause affecting skin, joints, kidneys, nervous
system, serous membranes, and often other
organ of body .

3. -When internal organs are involved, the
condition is called systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).
-Systemic lupus are more common in
women than men.
-The disease can affect all ages but most
commonly begins from age 20 to 45 years.

4. What causes lupus?
-That causes of (SLE) are unknown.
-Exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet radiation,
viruses often leads to appearance of facial
butterfly rash or rash on other exposed
skin.

5. -Many other factors, including infections,
inherited genes, surgery, and certain
drugs, have been shown to be associated
with SLE .
-In females, endocrine factors have been
thought to influence the development of
SLE .

6. What are the symptoms of lupus?
Fatigue.
Fever.
Weight loss.
Muscle aches.
Arthritis.
Ulcers of the mouth and nose.
Butterfly rash.
Unusual sensitivity to sunlight .
Inflammation of the lining that surrounds the lung
and the heart .
And poor circulation to the fingers and toes with
cold exposure.

7. -More serious organ involvement with
inflammation occurs in the brain, liver, and
kidney.
-White blood cells and blood clotting factors
also can be decreased in SLE, thereby
increasing the risk of infection and
bleeding.

8. How is lupus diagnosed?
The eleven criteria used for diagnosing
systemic lupus erythematosus are:
-Malar ( over the cheeks of the face ).
-discoid skin rash: patchy redness that can
cause scarring.

9. - photosensitivity: skin rash in reaction to
sunlight exposure.
-mucus membrane ulcers: ulcers of the
lining of the mouth, nose or throat.
-arthritis: 2 or more swollen, tender joints of
the extremities.

10. -inflammation of the lining tissue around the
heart or lungs, usually associated with
chest pain with breathing .
-kidney abnormalities: abnormal amounts of
urine protein .
-brain irritation: manifested by seizures .

11. -blood count abnormalities: low counts of
white or red blood cells, or platelets .
-immunologic disorder .
-antinuclear antibody.

12. How is systemic lupus treated?
-There is no permanent cure for SLE.
-The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and
protect organs by decreasing inflammation and/or
the level of autoimmune activity in the body.
-Patients with SLE need more rest during periods of
active disease .

13. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:
(NSAIDs) are helpful in reducing inflammation and pain
in muscles, joints, and other tissues . (NSAIDs are usually
taken with food to reduce side effects)
for Example: aspirin

14. Corticosteroids:
Are more potent than NSAIDs in reducing
inflammation and restoring function when the
disease is active.
-Corticosteroids are particularly helpful when internal
organs are involved.

15. Hydroxychloroquine:
-effective for SLE patients with fatigue, skin,
and joint disease.