paints, paints details, brands, wood finishes, defects, process, types of painting, brands

1. PAINT
Academy of AppliedArts
Umang Sharma
HDID

2. What Is Paint?
To most people, paint is the colour on the walls of their
home, the colour of their car, bike or any object which a
person can relate to in his Daily Life but,
Paint is more than just the colour though, it is a colored
substance which is spread over a surface and is left to dry to
leave a thin decorative, colored & protective coating film.
Higher the Paint Quality Higher the Preparation Of Base.

3. What is Paint Made Of:-
1. Pigment - to provide colour, hiding and control gloss.
2. Resin – the binder to hold the pigment particles together
and provide adhesion to the surface painted.
3. Solvent – to act as a carrier for the pigments and resin –
the solvent may be organic Or Inorganic (such as Mineral,
Chemicals or water).
4. Additives – to enhance certain properties such as ease
of brushing, mould resistance, scuff resistance, drying
and sag resistance.

4. c
What is Paint Made Of:-
Pigment
Solvent
ResinAdditive

5. We apply paint for:-
1. Decoration
2. Protection
3. Identification
4. Sanitation

6. Paints
Water
Based
Oil Based
Classification of Paints:-

7. Classification of Water Based Paints:-
It is a Mixer of Pigments, Binder, Drier and mainly Water.
The majority of wall paint sold today is water-based.
Water Based Paints comes in the Range of Cheap to Highly
Expensive Luxury Qualities.
Many Categories of Water Based Paints Are Easily washable
when Set and Dried.
It is suitable for Interior as well as exterior walls.
Only Water is added before its application Process.
Requires Lesser time than Oil Paints to Dry.
Maintains its Original Colour For longer period of time.

8. Water
Based
Distemper Emulsion
Classification of Water Based Paints:-

9. Types of Water Based Paints:-
Distemper:-
Distemper paint is an ancient type of paint made of water,
chalk and pigment, bound with either an animal glue or the
adhesive.
Distemper paint is thin and not durable, but can be made
inexpensively and can achieve nearly any color.
• It is used as a cost effective Painting Solution.
• Used For Painting Interior Walls,

10. Distemper
Acrylic Synthetic

11. Acrylic Distemper:- It is acrylic distemper of the highest quality
and gives the wall a delightful smooth matte finish. High Finish in
Distemper.
Brands:-Asian Paints, Berger, Dulux, Nerolac, British Paint,
Nippon etc.
Sizes:-1kg,2kg,5kg,10kg,20kg
Area covered:- 1kg= 150-180 sq.ftx2 Coats
Price= 1100 Rs per 20kg
Synthetic Distemper:- Synthetic Distemper is water-based
finished value for Money Distemper. Low Finish in Distemper.
Brands:- Asian Paints, Berger, Dulux, Nerolac, British Paint,
Nippon etc.
Sizes:- 1kg,2kg,5kg,10kg,20kg
Area covered:- 1kg= 100-120 sq.ftx2 Coats
Price= 800 Rs per kg.
Distemper Paint :

12. Properties of Distemper Paint:-
1. On drying, the film of distemper shrinks. Hence, it
leads to crackling and flaking, if the surface to receive
distemper is weak,
2. The coating of distemper are usually thick and more
brittle than other types of water paints.
3. The film developed by the distemper is porous in
character and it allows water vapor to pass through it.
4. They are generally light in colour and they provide a
good reflective coating.
5. They are less durable than oil paints or Emulsion
Paints.
6. They can be applied on brickwork, cement plastered
surface, lime plastered surface etc.
7. They exhibit poor workability.
8. They prove to be unsatisfactory in damp locations
such as kitchen, bathroom, etc.

13. Types of Water Based Paints:-
Emulsion:-
These are superior Quality of paints formed by mixing oil/water
And an emulsifying agent to prevent the separation of the
Combination.
They have much better ease of application, are washable.
Have greater overall Decorative appeal.
They provide a higher coverage than a distemper or Enamel.

14. Emulsion
Interior Exterior

15. Interior Emulsions:-
1. Vinyl matt emulsion gives a matt, non-shiny finish that is good
for not showing small imperfections on the wall or ceiling. (The
shinier finishes reflect back more light and highlight any
imperfections.
2. Vinyl satin emulsion gives a subtle soft-sheen finish and is a
more durable surface than vinyl matt. It is suitable for areas that
might need to be occasionally lightly washed or sponged.
3. Vinyl silk emulsion gives a high sheen finish and is the most
durable of all the emulsion paints. It is good for rooms that are
subject to a lot of moisture i.e. condensation.

16. Variables of Interior Emulsions Matt
Finish found In India:-
400RS/LTR 200RS/LTR 250RS/LTR 180RS/LTR
150RS/LTR 420RS/LTR 220RS/LTR 200RS/LTR
220RS/LTR 200RS/LTR 150RS/LTR 400RS/LTR
Etc.

17. Variables of Interior Emulsions Satin
Finish found In India:-
350RS/LTR 450RS/LTR 450RS/LTR 520RS/LTR
390RS/LTR 450RS/LTR 400RS/LTR 420RS/LTR
480RS/LTR 280RS/LTR 450RS/LTR 450RS/LTR
Etc.

18. Variables of Interior Emulsions Premium
Silk Shine Finish found In India:-
500RS/LTR 750RS/LTR 520RS/LTR 480RS/LTR
400RS/LTR 510RS/LTR 480RS/LTR
550RS/LTR Though Rates Decreases as per Increased Quantity
Etc.

19. Exterior Emulsions:-
1. It is a smooth water-based, modified acrylic, exterior wall
finish with silicon additives.
2. These are the Paints that are used in Exterior Potion of a
building that is exposed to direct sunlight, air and water.
3. They have additional qualities to with stand the weather
condition comes with keeps on changing as per the seasons.
4. These types of paints are oftenly used in painting Building
from Exterior as well as used in interior portion of stairs.

20. Variables of Exterior Emulsions found In
India:-
9500RS/20LTR 9500RS/20LTR 9800RS/20LTR 6000RS/20LTR
8000RS/20LTR 4500RS/20LTR 250RS/LTR
Etc.
4000RS/20LTR
3500RS/20LTR 350/ltr 270RS/LTR3000RS/20LTR

21. Variables of Exterior Emulsions found In
India:-
4200RS/20LTR 4800RS/20LTR 520RS/20LTR 3800RS/20LTR
3000RS/20LTR 4200RS/20LTR 4500RS/20LTR
Etc.
3800RS/20LTR
5000RS/20LTR 6200RS/20LTR 5800RS/20LTR250RS/LTR

22. Oil Based Paints:-
Oil-based paint is more durable, but it takes longer to dry, and
cleanup requires turpentine oil or paint thinner for its application.
Oil-based paints are made with either alkyd (synthetic) or linseed
(natural) oils.
Generally termed as Enamel Paints which comes under Different
varied colours.
Oil based paints are durable but it changes its original colour after
the year passes.
Oil Based paints Comes In three Finishes i.e High gloss, satin and
matt.
It can be used on walls, ceilings, doors, windows, mosquitoes mesh,
Iron frames/Furniture, Wooden frames/Furniture's, Art craft Items
etc.
Usually when paint on iron a red oxide coat is applied first to
protect iron from getting rotten.

23. Uses of Oil Based Paints:-

24. Uses of Oil Based Paints:-

25. Variables of Oil Paints found In India:-
220RS/LTR 290RS/LTR 320RS/LTR 340RS/LTR
400RS/LTR 250RS/LTR 280RS/LTR
Etc.
420RS/LTR
250RS/LTR 3000RS/LTR 350RS/LTR200RS/LTR

26. Cement Paint:-
1. Cement paint is water based paint and is applied to either
exterior or interior walls including brick work and concrete.
2. It is used for painting exterior wall surface mainly for
preventing water penetration and reductions of dirt
collection.
3. There are limited shades of the colors offered.
4. It requires ample of water so that the cement paint can keep
going.
5. It has to be used within two hours, else it can dry up and
harden up like a rock.
6. Durable and water resistant.
7. It is extensively used for patios, garages, driveways,
sidewalks, and concrete furniture.
8. It prevents growth of fungus and bacteria on exterior
surfaces.
9. Comes in powder form.

27. Cement Paint:-

28. Check the surface for incidence of dampness
or water seepage.
Rectify the water seepage problem at source.
This could mean repairing leaking pipes or
cracks in the exterior walls.
Any loose plaster should be removed from the
wall. Check for loose plaster by tapping on the
walls. A hollow sound indicates loose plaster.
Process of Painting a new wall:-
Pre- Painting

29. Allow newly plastered surfaces to mature for
a period of at least 6 months after the
application of a coat, to ensure thorough
drying of plaster .
Cracked or flakes should be sealed Properly
with sealant.
Scrape with sandpaper to ensure that the
surface is dry and free from dust, dirt or
grease.
Process of Painting a new wall:-
Pre- Painting

30. Wall surface is to be Prepared using POP Or
Wall Putty With Specialized Equipments and let
it dry for 24 hours.
Process of Painting a new wall:-
Painting
Coats Of primer is applied on the surface using
Brushes and Roller.
Sanding Of walls is done with sandpaper to
make the base even and balanced.

31. Second layer Of the same putty is applied to
make it feel and look more smooth and
balanced.
Process of Painting a new wall:-
Painting
A base of chalk powder mixed White enamel
paint is applied on the walls to make it more
smoother.
Sanding of walls is done with sandpaper to
make the base even and balanced.

32. Process of Painting a new wall:-
Painting
Error are checked and repaired using the same
chalk powder putty using Patti or Putty Knife
followed by sanding of walls.
First Coat is applied on the walls in “W”
formation with Roller and Brushes.
Error are checked and repaired with the same
chalk powder putty using Patti or Putty Knife.

33. Process of Painting a new wall:-
Painting
Second layer Of Paint is applied in the same
W pattern.
Final 3rd Coat is applied on the walls. To make
the wall look Beautiful .
Final Repairs are examined if any.

34. Final Presentation of walls after
Painting Service:-

35. Characteristics of an ideal Paint:-
1. When applied to the surface, paint should form a thin film of
uniform nature.
2. The colour of the paint should withstand the adverse
environmental conditions for a long time.
3. It should be easily applicable with a brush or spraying
devices.
4. It should have an attractive and pleasuring appearance.
5. The surface of the paint should not show cracks after drying.
6. It should be elastic. i.e. must be able to withstand change in
temperature.
7. It should have ideal resistance to corrosion and protect the
material over which it is used.
8. It should possess good spreading or covering power, as it
determines the cost.
9. No marks of roller or brush should be visible in the form of
bubbles or stripes.
10. Paint must not allow moulds and algae to grow on it.
11. It should not have any joints visible in between.

36. Defects found in Painting:-
Blistering Fungus Bittiness
Bleeding Brush Marks Chalking

37. Defects found in Painting:-
Cracking Efflorescence Flaking
Patchiness Peeling Sagging

38. Causes of Failure in Painting:-
1.BAD WORKMANSHIP
2.CONDITIONS FOR PAINING
3.MOISTURE
4.SALTS AND ALKALIES
5.UNSUITABLE SURFACES
6.WRONG CHOICE OF PAINT
7.TOOLS OF PAINTING

39. Brands Offering Paints in India:-

40. Wood Finishes :-
Often, the wood's color is changed by staining, bleaching. Once
the wood surface is prepared and stained, the finish is applied
and this finish is termed as Wood Finish.
It usually consists of several coats of stainer, Sealer, drying oil,
Filler, lacquer, varnish, or paint, and each coat is typically followed
by Fine sanding.
There are different types of finishes available in the market from
low range to high end collection as per customers requirement
and budget and purpose of use such as:-
1. Lacquer Finish(Medium)
2. P.U Finish ( High)
3. Polyester Finish (Premium High end)
4. Melamyne Finish (Medium)
5. Touch Wood Finish (Economical)
6. Enamel Finish (Economical)
Brands:- Sirca, Asian Paints, ICA, MRF, Berger, Dulux, Jeevan Jor ,
Duco, Wembley Etc.

41. Wood Finishes :-
Prices:
1. Lacquer Finish(Medium)
Stainer= 200-350 rs per ltr, Sealer= 200-280rs per ltr
Thinner= 100rs-180rs per ltr, Lacquer= 250-200rs per ltr.
2. P.U Finish ( High)
Stainer= 200-450rs per ltr, Sealer= 550-750 rs per ltr
Thinner= 250rs per ltr, Top Coat= 1500 rs per ltr.
3. Polyester Finish (Premium High end)
Stainer= 200-450rs per ltr, Sealer= 750-800 rs per ltr
Thinner= 350rs per ltr, Top Coat= 2000 rs per ltr.
4. Melamyne Finish (Medium)
Stainer= 200-350rs per ltr, Sealer= 250-350rs per ltr
Thinner= 220rs per ltr, Top Coat= 310-350 rs per ltr.
5. Touch Wood Finish (Economical)
Stainer= 25rs per 250gm, Sealer= 250-300rs per ltr
Tarpetine Oil= 75-90 rs per ltr, Top Coat= 250 rs per ltr.
6. Enamel Finish (Economical)
Enamel= 250rs per ltr, Tarpetine Oil= 75-90rs per ltr.

42. Wood Finishes :-
Process of Varnishing
Sand down the wood.
Repeat the sanding process
with a progressively finer grain.
Inspect the wood to determine
whether or not you're satisfied with
the surface.

43. Wood Finishes :-
Process of Varnishing
Wipe down your wood and
remove any dust.
Test the color before proceeding
with a stain.
Apply the stain using a rag
or a brush.

44. Wood Finishes :-
Process of Varnishing
Start by applying the stain in a
small area, like a leg or a
drawer front.
Continue applying the stain, and
then wipe away the excess before
it dries.
Pick a finish for your wood
Lacquer, touchwood,
Melamine, PU, Polyester

45. Wood Finishes :-
Process of Varnishing
Apply one coat of base coat
(Usually termed as Sealer)
using a Compressor machine
or a rag.
Sand it once again and match the
Colours that is mismatched .
Apply 2nd coat of base coats using
A Compressor machine or a rag.

46. Wood Finishes :-
Process of Varnishing
Sand it Once again for the last time
And match the colours using strainer.
Apply the final top Coat termed
As gloss, matt or satin matt or
Semi gloss
Final Product.
For Old wood work first Old paint or
polish is removed using paint
Remover and gloves then same
process is followed.

47. Characteristics of an ideal Varnish:-
1. When applied to the surface, it should form a thin film of
uniform nature.
2. The colour of the stainer should withstand for a long time.
3. It should be easily Cleaned later on.
4. It should have an attractive and pleasuring appearance.
5. The surface of the Varnish should not show cracks or blurry
whiteness after drying.
6. Must be able to withstand change in temperature.
7. It should possess good spreading or covering power, as it
determines the cost.
8. No marks Should be Visible
9. It should not have any joints visible in between.
10. Grains should be visible to give it a natural look f done on
wooden surface.
11. It should have a smooth surface after drying up
12. No dust particles should be there and no drop off of final
coat should ne visible.

48. Brands Offering Wood finishes in India

50. Some Imp. Tools Required For Painting
Brush Crack Seal Roller
Sand Paper Thinner Turpentine Oil
Patti Masking Tape Glasses

51. Some Imp. Tools Required For Painting
Ladder Cling Wrap Wall Putty
WaterCompressorSpray Gun

52. Some Imp. Tools Required For Painting:-
Tray Dhoti Primer
Chalk Powder Plaster of Paris Cleaner

53. Wallpapers:-
Wallpaper is a kind of material used to cover and decorate the
interior walls of homes, offices, cafes, government buildings,
museums, post offices, and other buildings.
It has Transformed the Practice of Wall paint job.
It is very easy to paste and save a lot of time and money.
Does not require much of maintenance.
It is usually sold in rolls and is put onto a wall using wallpaper
paste.
In practice from 18th century to today’s world. Established in Europe.
Usually Made up of vinyl coated paper .

54. Kinds of Wallpapers:-
1. Painted wallpaper
2. Printed block wood wallpaper
3. Hand-printed stencil wallpaper
4. Machine-printed wallpaper
5. Flock wallpaper (Classy,Royal)
6. Custom wallpaper
7. High-tech wallpaper
8. Seismic wallpaper
9. Artistic wallpaper
10. Water proof
11. Scratch proof

55. Application of Wallpapers:-
Like paint, wallpaper requires proper surface preparation before
application. Additionally wallpaper is not suitable for all areas.
For a better finish , Thinner papers on poorer quality walls can be
cross-lined with lining paper first .
Wallpaper is pasted using Wallpaper adhesives.
Removal of wallpaper:
1. Water
2. Chemical wallpaper stripper
3. Steam
Sizes Available :
27 inches by 27 feet
21.5 inches by 33 feet

56. Designs of Wallpapers:-

57. Designs of Wallpapers:-

58. Sushant S Rane

59. Draw your Imagination, paint your
Imagination, and express your
Imagination strongly.
THANK YOU